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61.
Carbamazepine (CBZ), caffeine and cetirizine were monitored by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) in surface and wastewaters from Berlin, Germany. This fast and cost-efficient method enabled to assess the spatial and temporal variation of these anthropogenic markers in a high-throughput screening. CBZ and cetirizine were detected by the same antibody, which selectively discriminates between both compounds depending on the pH value used in the incubation step. To our best knowledge, this is the first dual-analyte immunoassay working with a single antibody.The frequent sampling with 487 samples being processed allowed for the repeated detection of unusually high concentrations of CBZ and caffeine. ELISA results correlate well with the ones obtained by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Caffeine concentrations found in surface waters were elevated by combined sewer overflows after stormwater events. During the hay fever season, the concentrations of the antihistamine drug cetirizine increased in both surface and wastewaters.Caffeine was almost completely removed during wastewater treatment, while CBZ and cetirizine were found to be more persistent. The maximum concentrations of caffeine, CBZ and cetirizine found in influent wastewater by LC-MS/MS were 470, 5.0 and 0.49 μg L−1, while in effluent wastewater the concentrations were 0.22, 4.5 and 0.51 μg L−1, respectively. For surface waters, concentrations up to 3.3, 4.5 and 0.72 μg L−1 were found, respectively. 相似文献
62.
酶联免疫快速检测技术在太湖流域微囊藻毒素污染调查中的应用研究 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
采用酶联免疫(ELISA)法对2008年5~11月环太湖水域及太湖下游嘉兴河网水体中微囊藻毒素(MC)的污染状况进行了调查.结果表明,ELISA法对环太湖水样的加标回收率为(98.0±6.5)%,相对标准偏差≤10.0%,准确性和再现性均良好,且具有通量高、检测速度快的特点,适于太湖流域MC污染的普查和初筛.环太湖水样中的MC-LR在2008年8、10月较高;太湖下游嘉兴河网水样中的MC-LR自2008年7月开始有检出,最高质量浓度出现在9月,为0.772μg/L;各饮用水源地水样中的MC-LR亦有检出,但未超过<地表水环境质量标准>(GB 3838-2002)规定的限值(1.0μg/L). 相似文献
63.
Xu T Cho IK Wang D Rubio FM Shelver WL Gasc AM Li J Li QX 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2009,157(2):417-422
A gas chromatograph/electron capture detector-ion trap mass spectrometer (GC/ECD-ITMS) was used for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in euryhaline fish and crabs. GC/ECD-ITMS results showed that average recoveries from the spiked fish samples are in a range of 58-123% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 5-19%. PBDE concentrations obtained from GC/ECD-ITMS ranged from 28 ng/g to 1845 ng/g lipid weight (lw) in all aquatic species collected from Hawaiian brackish waters. The general BDE congener concentration profile observed in this study is BDE-47 > BDE-100 > BDE-154 > BDE-99 > BDE-153 > BDE-28 > BDE-183. The ELISA results expressed as BDE-47 equivalents correlated well with those of GC/ECD-ITMS, with a correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.68) and regression coefficient (slope = 0.82). Comparison of ELISA with GC/ECD-ITMS results demonstrated that ELISA provides a timely and cost-effective method to screen PBDEs in fish and crab samples. 相似文献
64.
Yan Z. Liu Guo X. Zhao Ping Wang Jing Liu Hui C. Zhang Jian P. Wang 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(2):139-146
The objective of this study was to produce a generic antibody for immunoassay of fluoroquinolone drugs in meat. Two novel haptens of sarafloxacin were synthesized that were used to produce the monoclonal antibodies. The obtained monoclonal antibodies simultaneously recognized 12 fluoroquinolone drugs (sarafloxacin, diflocaxin, marbofloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, lomefloxacin, amifloxacin, enofloxacin and danofloxacin). After evaluation of different coating antigen/antibody combinations, a heterologous competitive indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed to determine the 12 drugs. The crossreactivities to these analytes were in the range of 18%–113% and the limits of detection were in the range of 0.8–6.5 ng/mL depending on the compound. Eight fluoroquinolones licensed as veterinary drugs in China were fortified into blank chicken for ELISA analysis. The recoveries were in the range of 67.6%–94.6% with coefficients of variation lower than 12.4%. Therefore, this method could be used as a screen tool for routine monitoring of the residues of these fluoroquinolone drugs in animal derived foods. 相似文献
65.
Xi C. Wang Ming Bao Fu H. Li Hai X. Fan Han S. Li Yu Li 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(2):107-112
Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium verticillioides or Fusarium proliferatum, which present in food and feed. It causes hazardous effects on human and animal health. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) against FB1 was produced and a simple, reliable and sensitive, competitive, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ci-ELISA) for detection of FB1 was developed and the experiment conditions were optimized. The coating concentration of FB1-ovalbumin (FB1-OVA) was 500 ng mL?1, the action concentrations of anti-FB1 mAb and goat anti-mouse IgG were 1.28 × 104 and 1:5000, respectively. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 11 ng mL?1, with a detectable range of 1.25–250 ng mL?1, and a limit of determination (LOD) of 1.15 ng mL?1. The cross-reactivity (CR) of the antibody against fumonisin B2 (FB2) was 60.4, and <1% against deoxynivalenol (DON), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), ochratoxin A (OTA) or zearalenone (ZEN). In spiked samples (250 ng g?1, 500 ng g?1, 1000 ng g?1), the mean recoveries ranged from 86.7 ± 5% to 102 ± 4%, and the coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 3% to 10%. A survey of 96 corn samples from Bozhou, Fuyang, Bengbu, and Hefei, in Anhui province, China, was performed. Frequencies of FB1 contamination were 83.3%, 95.8%, 20.8% and 91.7%, and the mean concentrations of positive samples were 0.702 μg kg?1, 0.883 μg kg?1, 0.074 μg kg?1, and 0.276 μg kg?1, respectively. The results of this study suggest that the ci-ELISA developed in this study can be used to identify FB1 in corn, furthermore, further study is needed to investigate FB1 contamination in food and feed to prevent its harmful health effects. 相似文献
66.
67.
Is avian humoral immunocompetence suppressed by testosterone? 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Dennis Hasselquist James A. Marsh Paul W. Sherman John C. Wingfield 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1999,45(3-4):167-175
A key issue in sexual selection theory is how a correlation between male secondary sexual characters and male genetic quality
can be maintained. The immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis proposes that testosterone-dependent male characters remain honest
signals because of the immunosuppressive effect of elevated steroid hormone levels. The hypothesis requires that physiological
levels of testosterone depress immune system function. We quantified testosterone titers and humoral immunocompetence of captive
male and female red-winged blackbirds (Agelaius phoeniceus) at three points in the annual cycle (autumn, prebreeding, and breeding). We also conducted an implant experiment on the
males to assess the effects of prolonged, above-normal testosterone titers on humoral immune responses. Humoral immunocompetence
was measured as secondary antibody production to a non-pathogenic protein antigen, keyhole limpet hemocyanin, using an enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay we developed for A. phoeniceus. Secondary antibody responses of individuals were highly repeatable between sampling periods. Neither physiological nor above-normal
levels of plasma testosterone suppressed secondary antibody production. In paired tests of the same individuals between prebreeding
and breeding, and between breeding and implant, plasma testosterone increased significantly but secondary antibody responses
were unaffected. We are confident in these results because with 80% power, an 11–14% difference in antibody titers would have
been detected. There was no relationship between plasma testosterone levels and humoral immunocompetence in free-ranging males
tested at the peak of breeding. These results cast doubt on a key assumption of the immunocompetence-handicap hypothesis.
Received: 13 April 1998 / Accepted after revision: 7 October 1998 相似文献
68.
采取荧光定量PCR技术及ELISA酶联免疫吸附法,以mcyD基因和PC-IGS基因为靶基因对夏季蓝藻暴发期间海河天津市区段的产毒微囊藻种群丰度和毒素含量进行了研究.结果表明:夏季海河天津市区段微囊藻种群丰度具有明显差异性:产毒微囊藻种群丰度为1.16×104~2.48×107copies/mL占总微囊藻种群的4.25%~28.59%.藻毒素含量最高点为8号采样点天津站,每升水体中藻细胞共含毒素195.51μg,除去藻细胞水中毒素浓度为0.97μg/L.总的来说,海河天津市区段微囊藻总基因拷贝数较高,产毒微囊藻丰度在不同采样点间差异较大,影响水体中微囊藻丰度的最主要环境因素是pH值.海河水体中毒素含量没有超过安全阈值,但是单位体积水体中藻细胞内毒素含量很高,具有较高的毒素释放潜力,可能对下游河口生态系统造成潜在威胁. 相似文献
69.
70.
Dental composite (DC) resins are synthetic resins which are used as restorative material or adhesives in dentistry. Monomers and other components released into the oral environment from the DC material even after polymerization might affect the surrounding tissues and even the whole body gradually. Biocompatibility of DC has to be stringently evaluated since the fillings are in close contact with mucosa, tooth, and pulp. Common difficulties with various current dental materials include allergies, chemical leakage from the material, and pulpal irritation which are due to the byproducts of chemical reactions during different stages of material hardening. Dental Products Laboratory of Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology developed a new BIS-GMA-based DC. In this study the oxidative stress induced by this DC material in vivo was tested for a period of 1, 4, 8, 26, or 52 weeks in albino rats. Dental materials were implanted intramuscularly into the gluteus muscle and oxidative biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation, 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentration, and total glutathione content analyzed. Data showed no significant changes in antioxidant defense system and 8-OHdG levels in nuclear DNA of the tissue. Serum biochemical results confirmed that animals were in normal functioning physiological state. 相似文献