铝电解工业PM2.5超细粉尘的控制技术研究

分析了铝电解工业PM2.5的来源,估计电解铝生产产生的PM2.5大约为66万t/a,加上铝电解工业其他工段产生的粉尘,整个铝冶炼行业产生的PM2.5粉尘达到80万～100万t/a以上。进行铝电解工业废气排放PM2.5控制技术的研究,实际上是对布袋除尘器过滤技术的研究,包括除尘器内部流场控制技术、用于电解铝行业袋式除尘器专用滤料技术、滤袋上滤饼及清灰控制和烟气平衡自适应控制技术的研究。阐述了有关研究方法及阶段性研究成果,以及下一步的研究目标。     

袋式除尘器在蒸气干燥机烟气净化中的应用

介绍了铜冶炼蒸气干燥机高浓度粉尘的特点,总结了应用低压脉冲布袋除尘器治理铜冶炼蒸气干燥机高浓度粉尘烟气的成功经验,通过合理设计袋式除尘器各系统,可保证铜冶炼蒸气干燥机废气达标排放。     

Demulsification performance and mechanism of oil droplets by electrocoagulation: Role of surfactant

Surfactants are widely used to improve the solubility of oil in water in petrochemical, making it more difficult to remove oil–water emulsions during the water treatment process. Electrocoagulation (EC) is an appropriate method for treating oily wastewater and destabilizing emulsions. However, the demulsification mechanism of oil–water droplets emulsified by surfactants with different charges have not been investigated systematically. The demulsification performance of electrocoagulation on emulsions wastewater containing cationic, non-ionic, and anionic surfactants was studied. The results showed that the removal rate of total organic carbon (TOC) in oily wastewater with anionic surfactant by EC reached 92.98% ± 0.40% at a current density of 1 mA/cm², while that of the non-ionic surfactant was 84.88% ± 0.63%. The characterization of flocs showed that EC has the highest coagulation and demulsification of oil droplets with a negative charge on the surface (−70.50 ± 10.25 mV), which indicated that the charge neutralization of oil droplets was beneficial for the destabilization of the formed oily flocs. However, when the zeta potential of the oil droplets reached 75.50 ± 1.25 mV, the TOC removal efficiency was only 11.80% ± 1.43%. The TOC removal could achieve 33.23% ± 3.21% when the current density improved from 1 mA/cm² to 10 mA/cm². The enhanced removal was due to the sweep coagulation rather than charge neutralization. This study provides a fundamental basis for the electrochemical treatment of oily wastewater.     

预混喷雾增效细颗粒去除的电除尘实验研究

为提高电场对细颗粒物的捕集效率,实现颗粒物超低排放要求,本试验采用喷雾与电场分区设计,搭建了预混喷雾湿式电除尘试验装置,以增强颗粒与液滴之间的凝聚作用,试验探究了电场电压、极板间距、电场风速、喷雾压力及入口浓度等参数对除尘效率的影响规律.结果表明;除尘效率随着电场电压增加,除尘效率提升,增幅先升高后降低,最后趋于平稳;减小极板间距或电场风速,能够提高除尘效率,但降低了处理风量;随着喷雾压力增大,除尘效率先增加后减小,当压力值为6MPa时,除尘效果最佳;粉尘入口浓度对除尘效率的影响程度较低,对于粒径小于2.5μm的颗粒物去除效率最高达98.5%.综上,预混喷雾湿式电除尘效果相比单一喷雾或静电除尘具有显著的增强,对于颗粒物超低排放装置的设计具有重要参考价值.     

静电除尘器烟道进口处流场的数值模拟

利用Fluent软件对静电除尘器烟道进口处流场进行了数值模拟,在此基础上提出一种新型的能有效均风的电晕线布置方法.结果表明,两相邻(垂直叠放)烟道进口处的电晕线平行放置时,在强电场力作用下产生的高速离子风会阻碍气流的均匀分布；两相邻烟道进口处的电晕线交叉放置时,可以起到明显的均风效果,更有利于除尘器内气流的均匀分布和提高除尘效率.该方法为静电除尘器的改造和设计提供了一种新的思路.     

袋式除尘技术在我国燃煤电厂的应用

对国内10个典型燃煤电厂应用袋式除尘技术的情况进行了调研;综合分析了电厂袋式除尘器的运行情况,以及滤袋使用寿命、除尘器电耗及运行费用、维管工作量、对后续脱硫装置的影响及脱汞效果等情况;结论认为,袋式除尘技术能够有效控制燃煤电厂的烟尘排放,并能够在火电行业普遍推广应用,为火电行业的节能减排和PM2.5治理作出贡献。     

大型电除尘器与电袋除尘器技术经济比较

以某300MW火电机组配套除尘设备为例,从一次性投资、维护费用和运行费用等方面对电除尘器和电袋除尘器进行了技术经济比较,结果表明,当粉尘排放浓度≤50mg/Nm3时,选用电除尘器较适宜,但对更加严格的排放标准,选用电袋除尘器更好。     

TDB高效电袋组合除尘器在CFB锅炉的应用

通过分析TDB高效电袋组合除尘器在鄂尔多斯某热电生产中心3×440t／h循环流化床（CFB）锅炉安装运行后的显著除尘效果,介绍了除尘器选型的依据和过程,以及除尘设备的结构和特点、关键技术、运行状况等,为大型流化床锅炉选用除尘器提供了借鉴。     

Meep在烧结机机头除尘的应用

对烧结机粉尘进行了综合分析,结合Meep技术的特点,阐述了其对烧结机机头粉尘的适应性,是目前烧结机机头除尘排放达标、节能降耗的有效除尘技术.     

基于网络的电除尘器实时在线可控监测技术

主要论述基于网络的电除尘器分布式可控监测系统的构架。简述了它的运行模式，并综合利用计算机网络，监测，控制等多顶技术，给出了软件的设计流程。