Current status and trends of the environmental performance in European ports

This paper investigates the current status and trends over time in the environmental performance of European ports. The research is based on the provision of data from 79 European ports on issues related to their environmental management, environmental priorities and current environmental monitoring practices. This study updates previous environmental reviews, so that the trends over time are drawn. For instance, 90% of respondent ports stated that they have an environmental policy and 94% of ports have designated environmental personnel. The percentage of ports that have an Environmental Management System has increased by +33% in the last 9 years. Air quality, port waste and energy consumption emerged as the three major environmental priorities of the European port sector in 2013. The research also reveals the diversity amongst European ports in terms of size and physical surroundings. Some examples are presented on specific initiatives carried out by sector organisations about the Top-10 port priority issues. The future expectations of European ports on data collection and reporting are described.     

哈尔滨市环境空气质量评价与经济增长关系研究

以PM10、SO2和NO2作为空气质量的评价对象,采用空气综合污染指数法研究了哈尔滨市2001年到2015年的环境空气质量变化趋势.以空气综合污染指数作为因变量,哈尔滨市人均GDP作为自变量,来探讨哈尔滨环境空气质量与经济增长之间的关系.得出2001年到2015年期间,哈尔滨环境空气质量呈现先变好又变差再变好的趋势,哈尔滨环境空气质量与经济增长之间呈现近似三次方函数关系,且部分呈现到"U"型曲线关系.     

A review of EMAS in Greece: is it effective?

EMAS certification is a common practice among the European companies. However, based on the data from the Greek Ministry of Environment, only 10 companies were EMAS certified in Greece by December 2003. The aim of this study is to identify and summarize the experiences of the EMAS certified companies that operate in Greece. Based on the results of the study, the major advantage from the EMAS implementation seems to be the closer monitoring of the production process while the main cost item is the infrastructure upgrading.     

我国生态工业系统稳定性的结构型因素实证研究

在查阅国内外大量文献的基础上,提出了5个可能影响我国生态工业系统稳定性的结构型因素假设:关键种企业、成员距离、成员相互依赖程度、成员多样性、领导因素.并在全国47个生态工业系统进行统计实证研究加以证实.数据相关分析和回归分析结果表明:强有力的系统内部关键种企业、较少的成员交流障碍、较近的成员空间距离、多样化的成员企业主营业务等4个因素对我国生态工业系统稳定性有显著影响.对我国生态工业系统的发展提出了相应的政府决策建议.      

环境和质量管理体系一体化实质分析

阐述了过程方法在ISO14001（2004版）环境管理体系标准和ISO9001（2000版）质量管理体系标准中的运用。介绍了过程的概念、过程特性的概念、过程的输入和输出要求。分析了环境管理体系和质量管理体系一体化的实质及其意义。指出一体化管理体系不是将2个标准中要素的要求简单叠加。     

Implementing wildlife-management strategies into road infrastructure in southern Ontario: a critical success factors approach

Wildlife-road conflict has profound negative impacts on both wildlife populations and society. Despite a long-held understanding of this problem, in most regions the wildlife-management strategies (WMS) available to mitigate this conflict are still relatively underutilized. This study examines the implementation of these strategies into road infrastructure, using Southern Ontario as a case study, in order to develop an understanding of what leads to successful WMS implementation. The project management concept of critical success factors was applied and interviews with project decision-makers and key stakeholders were conducted. Nine factors were identified and a comparison between a ‘smooth’ and ‘rough’ project is used to illustrate the cumulative effects that these factors, and their interrelationships, have on project implementation success. Practitioners can use these findings to evaluate WMS projects based on likelihood of success and allocate resources accordingly, ultimately leading to increased chances of implementation and overall benefit to conservation and society.     

Assessment of soil erosion under rainfed sugarcane in KwaZulu‐Natal,South Africa

Soil erosion from agricultural land use runoff is a major threat to the sustainability of soil composition and water resource integrity. Sugarcane is an important cash and food security crop in South Africa, subjected to an intensive soil erosion, and consequently, severe land degradation. This study aimed to investigate soil erosion and associated soil and cover factors under rainfed sugarcane, in a small catchment, KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. Three replicated runoff plots were installed at different slope positions (down, mid and upslope) within cultivated sugarcane fields to monitor soil erosion during the 2016–2017 rainy season. On average, annual runoff (RF) was significantly greater from 10 m² plots with 1163.77 ± 2.63 l/m/year compared to 1 m² plots. However, sediment concentration (SC) was significantly lower in 10 m² (0.34 ± 0.04 g/l) compared to 1 m² (6.94 ± 0.24 g/l) plots. The annual soil losses (SL) calculated from 12 rainfall events was 58.36 ± 0.77 and 8.84 ± 0.20 t/ha from 1 m² and 10 m² plots, respectively. The 1 m² plot, SL (2.4 ± 1.41 ton/ha/year) in the upslope experienced 33% more loss than the midslope and 50% more loss than the downslope position. SL was relatively lower from the 10 m² plots than the 1 m² plots, which is explained by high sediment deposition at the greater plot scale. SL was negatively correlated with the soil organic carbon stocks (r = ?0.82) and soil surface cover (r = ?0.55). RF decreased with the increase of slope gradient (r = ?0.88) and soil infiltration rate (r = ?0.87). There were considerable soil losses from cultivated sugarcane fields with low organic matter. These findings suggest that to mitigate soil erosion, soil organic carbon stocks and vegetation cover needs to be increased through appropriate land management practices, particularly in cultivated areas with steep gradients.     

乡村振兴与乡村旅游协调发展时空演变及驱动因子——以四川省为例

运用熵权法、耦合协调模型和地理探测器分析了2008—2019年四川省乡村振兴与乡村旅游发展水平与耦合协调度的演变特征及驱动因子,总结了各市(州)的发展类型,并提出差异化发展策略。结果表明:①四川省乡村振兴与乡村旅游发展水平呈上升趋势,攀枝花乡村振兴发展缓慢,成都、阿坝州、宜宾是乡村旅游发展的重心。②乡村振兴与乡村旅游呈耦合协调发展趋势,具有显著的空间异质性,以濒临失调和勉强协调为主,呈东南低、北部高的空间格局。③星级农家乐和乡村酒店数量、全社会固定资产投资、国家级非物质文化遗产数、旅游总收入占GDP比重等是影响乡村振兴与乡村旅游协调发展的主要因子。     

科技园区高质量发展评价、驱动机理及路径研究

科技园区高质量发展是地区经济高质量发展的基础,厘清科技园区高质量发展影响因素及驱动机理有利于其优化发展路径与政策体系。首先,在文献分析的基础上构建专利授权数、R&D经费支出、人均工业增加值、固体废弃物综合利用率等15个高质量发展测度指标,应用主成分分析法分析得出科技园区高质量发展的内在因素包括创新驱动发展水平、数字设施建设水平、资源配置水平和绿色发展水平,并应用因子分析法对科技园区高质量发展进行综合评价。其次,通过归纳推理得出工业互联网价值共创、产业链整合、资源协同等是科技园区高质量发展的内在驱动机理。最后,提出加强数字基础设施建设、构建工业互联网平台生态、完善园区治理结构等实现科技园区高质量发展的路径建议。     

Reasons for implementing ISO 14001 in Malaysia

Environmental management systems (EMS) have been introduced globally to reduce environmental degradation issues brought about by industrial development. The research discussed in this paper is aimed at identifying the benefits and motivations of the implementation of EMS in compliance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14001 standard in Malaysian industries by using the pairwise comparison method. Experts in EMS from the Scientific and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia were invited to participate in the research panel. Based on the experts’ input, data analysis was carried out by using multi‐criteria pairwise comparisons. The findings showed the ranked benefits and motivations of the implementation of the ISO 14001 standard for businesses. The results can indicate to policy‐makers and business advisors how businesses can be encouraged to implement the ISO 14001.