有机毒害物急性毒性与藻红外辐射变化研究

基于微生物检测毒害物质的重要性和选材困难对其检测技术发展的制约,开展了有机毒害物急性毒性与藻红外辐射变化研究。试验使用便携式红外测温仪测试一定量藻液中分别加入不同种有机药剂前后的温度变化。结果表明,8种藻对10种有机毒害物毒性可产生红外辐射变化的快速响应,平均最大温差的平均值为0.15℃,平均响应时间为4.4min;羊角月牙藻最大响应温差为0.27℃,响应相对明显,为8种藻中的毒性响应敏感藻。不同浓度有机药剂分别与敏感藻进行试验,明确敏感藻可检测出的最低药剂浓度,结果表明:同类毒害物质的响应灵敏度与发光细菌相同。     

宿迁市公众环境意识调查研究

采用问卷调查与社会访问相结合的方法,对江苏省宿迁市居民的环境意识进行了调查。统计结果表明宿迁市居民对当地环境处于基本满意阶段,并认为政府对环境保护工作比较重视;宿迁市公众具备了一定的环境保护基础知识．但是环境意识比较低,环境保护行为相对滞后,需要政府加以引导,加强环境宣传教育,提高民众的环境意识。     

环境产权拍卖机制及定价研究

在解析环境产权属性的基础上,探讨了环境产权市场交易的基础和条件,设计了一种具有可分性的环境产权拍卖机制,并研究了在这种拍卖机制下,竞标者实现自身效益最大化条件下的环境产权价格确定机制。最后讨论了这种拍卖及定价机制下政府环境管理目标的实现以及对解决环境效益外部性的作用。     

工频电磁场环境管理目标值的研究

介绍了国外工频电磁场对人体影响的最新研究进展,收集了国内外工频电磁场的限制标准,结合南方沿海某城市近年来工频电磁场投诉的热点和难点,针对问题研究防治对策,提出了深圳市工频电磁场的环境管理目标值。     

人口统计学变量对环境保护公众参与意识的影响实证研究

采用问卷调查和数理统计等研究方法,研究了人口统计学变量在环境保护公众参与意识上的差异,以及与环境保护公众参与各个变量之间的相关性。结果表明:居民的年龄在公众环保行为和环保政策满意度上呈现显著性差异,居民的职业在环境保护认知、公众环保行为环保政策满意度上呈现显著性差异,居民的受教育程度在环境保护认知、个人环保习惯、公众环保行为、环保政策满意度上呈现显著性差异。婚姻状况与公众环保行为、环保政策满意度之间存在显著性负相关,年龄与环境保护认知之间存在显著性正相关,与环境政策满意度、环境表现满意度之间出现显著性的负相关性,职业与环境保护认知、个人环保习惯、公众环保行为之间存在显著性正相关性,与环保政策满意度、环保表现满意度之间存在显著性负相关。     

乌鲁木齐市市民环境意识万人问卷调查报告

为贯彻全国和自治区第４次环保会议精神,了解和提高全市各族群众的环境意识,使环境保护基本国策深入人心,乌鲁木齐市环保局在１９９８年“六·五”世界环境日之际开展了以“关心环境保护,共建美丽首府”为主题的市民环境意识万人问卷活动。由全市７区１县及２个开发区环保局（站）协助,分别在政府机关、厂矿、学校、街头、摊点进行发放问卷活动。调查结果初步摸清了乌鲁木齐市在环境宣传教育中所取得的成效和存在的问题,为今后更好地加强环境宣传教育,普及环境科学知识,提高社会各界环境意识提供了参考信息。     

提高环评报告书质量加快浙江省环境影响评价有效性建设

影响环境影响评价(EIA)有效性的因素较多．如相应的政策法规、管理机制和技术的正确性等。文章从环评技术角度出发,以抽样选取的浙江省1997～2001年间完成的100本环评报告书(EIS)为统计对象．按建设项目环保审批6项原则为依据,从产业政策符合性、选址与总图布局合理性、清洁生产、达标排放、总量控制、区域环境质量可达性等方面进行分析．评估了浙江省EIA有效性,探讨了目前EIA中存在的问题及原冈,提出了一些提高EIS质量、加快浙江省EIA有效性建设的建议     

环境治理中光催化剂的失活与再生

催化剂失活是影响光催化过程用于污染治理经济实用的关键因素。对近几年来国内外环境污染控制中光催化剂的失活现象及其原因进行了综述．分析了液相和气相光催化反应体系中催化剂失活后再生的方法．特别是对气相光催化反应中水蒸汽的影响进行了讨论。     

Barriers to worldwide institutionalization of social and environmental disclosure

This study analyzes how groups of organizations that share their social and environmental information are formed in a similar way to identify barriers to the homogenization of social and environmental disclosure (SED) at the international level. Based on a sample of observations of listed firms from six different countries, results suggest that SED does not homogenize globally, spontaneously, because of cultural and geographical barriers. The institutions of environmental disclosure (ED) and social disclosure (SD) are different, thus forming different organizational fields at the international level. The spoken language is a barrier to the international isomorphism of ED and therefore to its comparability. However, language is a less important barrier to SD. When cultural institutions are weaker or have the same roots as North American institutions, cultural diversity does not stop the homogenization of the SD. Moreover, the ED is more isomorphic/comparable at the global level than SD, while the SD is more isomorphic/comparable at the level of culturally distinguishable subsets than ED.     

Environmental education,community mobilization and sustainable development in Hong Kong: a comparative perspective

SUMMARY

This paper focuses on efforts to promote environmental education and community mobilization around environmental issues in Hong Kong. It is primarily concerned with efforts directed at the broader community (i.e. the population as a whole) rather than with environmental education through formal school and college curricula. The paper draws on a recently completed study commissioned by the Environmental Campaign Committee, the principal source of financial support for such efforts undertaken by environmental NGOs, community groups and educational institutions in Hong Kong. The study examined how and to what effect the Committee had used its financial resources between 1994–1999. It also examined international experience with a view to recommending changes in the overall approach to environmental education and community mobilization initiatives and their funding in Hong Kong.

The paper suggests that the existing approach to community-wide environmental education and its funding in Hong Kong have suffered from various weaknesses, most notably the absence of an integrated and goal-oriented strategy, an over-reliance on a ‘top-down’ campaign-based approach, a failure to establish explicit linkages with the concept of sustainable development and to ground initiatives at the local neighbourhood and community levels, and a preoccupation with the financial inputs provided to support this work at the expense of effective monitoring and auditing of project outputs and benefits.