官厅水库富营养化的评价

综述了官厅水库水系的近期状况 ;在库区选择了 8个具有代表性的断面 ,分析测试了 1 1项水质指标 ,采用 Vol-lenweider的理论评价了库区水质为中 -富营养等级 ;提出了改善水库水系的 4点建议     

Risk-Based Prioritization of Air Pollution Monitoring Using Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Technique

Air pollution monitoring programs aim to monitor pollutants and their probable adverse effects at various locations over concerned area. Either sensitivity of receptors/location or concentration of pollutants is used for prioritizing the monitoring locations. The exposure-based approach prioritizes the monitoring locations based on population density and/or location sensitivity. The hazard-based approach prioritizes the monitoring locations using intensity (concentrations) of air pollutants at various locations. Exposure and hazard-based approaches focus on frequency (probability of occurrence) and potential hazard (consequence of damage), respectively. Adverse effects should be measured only if receptors are exposed to these air pollutants. The existing methods of monitoring location prioritization do not consider both factors (hazard and exposure) at a time. Towards this, a risk-based approach has been proposed which combines both factors: exposure frequency (probability of occurrence/exposure) and potential hazard (consequence).This paper discusses the use of fuzzy synthetic evaluation technique in risk computation and prioritization of air pollution monitoring locations. To demonstrate the application, common air pollutants like CO, NO_x, PM₁₀ and SO_x are used as hazard parameters. Fuzzy evaluation matrices for hazard parameters are established for different locations in the area. Similarly, fuzzy evaluation matrices for exposure parameters: population density, location and population sensitivity are also developed. Subsequently, fuzzy risk is determined at these locations using fuzzy compositional rules. Finally, these locations are prioritized based on defuzzified risk (crisp value of risk, defined as risk score) and the five most important monitoring locations are identified (out of 35 potential locations). These locations differ from the existing monitoring locations.     

三峡库区神女溪水华成因初探

通过对神女溪大规模水华进行现场监测和调查,结合当地水文、气象、污染源调查资料,并运用对比、相关分析等方法对神女溪水华原因进行了综合分析,认为叶绿素a与溶解氧、氧化还原电位、总氮、总磷、高锰酸钾指数均存在正相关关系,与pH和电导率呈负相关关系,总磷是此次水华的限制因子.     

近期我国生态环境状况变化趋势分析研究

利用2000年和2005年遥感监测数据及相关统计数据,从生物丰度、植被覆盖、水网密度、土地退化和环境质量五个方面综合评价近五年来我国的生态环境变化趋势,并分析生态环境状况的变化与生物丰度指数等五个因子之间的相关关系.该评价不包括香港特别行政区、澳门特别行政区和台湾省.     

关于模糊数学在环境质量综合评判中“最大隶属度”原则不适用性的讨论

通过对模糊数学在环境质量综合评判中的分析，指出“最大隶属度”原则的不适用性，并根据环境质量分级所存在的固有关系提出改进的方法。     

物元分析法在大气环境质量评价中的应用

应用物元分析方法构建大气环境质量的综合评价模型，并将该方法用于唐山市大气环境质量评价中，获得了与实际情况基本符合的评价结果。     

多烟囱排放大气环境影响评价工作等级探讨

在环境影响评价工作中,确定大气环境影响评价工作等级是一项很重要的工作。比较了2个大气环境影响评价工程案例,分析了其大气评价工作等级高低及环境影响程度轻重。结果发现,多源项目与单源项目在估算模式上存在差异,对于部分多烟囱项目,按照现行大气评价工作等级划分方法可能有偏差,应进行修正。     

政府突发事件应急能力综合评价

应对突发事件的能力是体现政府执政水平的重要标志之一。提出应充分考虑评价对象的属性以及各评价方法的特点，可以采用层次分析法与模糊综合评价法相结合的方法对政府突发事件应急能力进行评价。运用层次分析法建立层次结构模型，确定指标权重，通过模糊综合评价法构建评价模糊矩阵，进行模糊运算，得出综合评定结果。     

多级模糊综合评判方法在泥石流评价中的应用

介绍了多级模糊综合评判方法在泥石流评价中的应用, 指出了在进行模糊评判的时候,评判因子的选取以及隶属函数的构造应具体结合泥石流自身的特点来进行,并应用此方法对西南某拟建水电站坝址附近泥石流沟危险性做出了评价,评价结果与实际调查结果比较吻合.     

略阳电厂后部山体边坡的稳定性评价与初步治理设计

在对略阳电厂后部山体地质条件分析的基础上,采用定性分析与定量数值计算相结合的方法评价了电厂后部山体在开挖前后的稳定性问题,并对开挖后的坡体提出了相应的工程治理措施.