2000年广西壮族自治区酸沉降预测

以我国酸沉降敏感区——“湘桂走廊”作为控制域,预测广西壮族自治区2000年酸沉降趋势.采用弹性系数法和趋势外推法预测了2000年原煤消耗量与SO_2排放量.并用区域模式与局地模式相叠加的方法预测了不削减方案下2000年“湘桂走廊”的SO_2浓度及硫沉降趋势.用趋势外推法估算出2000年降水pH值.     

环境分析化学

阐述了环境分析化学在环境保护中的重要性、研究领域、基本任务和今后的发展趋势.     

伊金霍洛旗生态环境分析

本文简述了应用遥感——地理信息系统技术对伊金霍洛旗生态环境状况的监测结果，较客观的分析了生态环境的发展态势，为实现地区经济的可持续发展提供了科学依据。     

气候变化对秦皇岛地区降水量影响分析

以秦皇岛市为例,研究了气候变暖对地表降水量的影响.通过对51年来秦皇岛市气候、降水材料的分析得出结论:秦皇岛市近年来明显变暖,年平均气温上升约2℃,同时气候变干,降水量减少18.3%;气候变化会引起水循环的变化及水资源在时空上的重新分布以及水资源总量的改变,对流域内的水资源量影响十分显著.     

南充市大气质量变化就研究对策

根据2000～2002年南充市区SO2、NO2、TSP浓度的监测数据,运用综合大气质量指数的分析方法,对南充市区的气质量进行分析评价。结果表明:SO2、TSP是南充市区的主要污染物,NO2的污染相对较轻。3种污染物年内浓度变化均为:冬>春>秋>夏;年间浓度变化:SO2为冬>秋>春>夏,NO2、TSP为冬>春>秋>夏,并提出了一些相关的建议。     

东海区中上层鱼类资源的时空分异

根据渔业区划中东海区的地理水文特点,将东海区划分为地理上的3个区域,即黄海中南部、长江口和东海中南部。据1987～1998年东海区上海、宁波、江苏、舟山四大渔业公司中上层鱼类渔捞数据,以渔获量和平均网产为指标,分析了东海区中上层鱼类资源的季节性特性和时空分布特征。最后利用空间趋势面拟合方法,分析东海区中上层鱼类资源的区域分异特征。结果显示,不同海区的中上层鱼类资源大致具有自西南向东北或者自西向东减少的趋势,与该区主要海流相对应。     

辽东湾双台子河海区动物体内污染物含量及时空分布

１９９７年１１月对辽东湾双台子河海区部分鱼类、贝类及甲壳动物体内的Ｈｇ、Ｃｄ、Ｐｂ、Ａｓ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ和油的含量进行了调查，并对这些污染物的时空分布趋势进行了分析。结果表明：狼虾虎鱼体内的污染物的浓度分别为０．００８（Ｈｇ）、０．８８（Ｃｄ）、０．１７（ｐｂ）、１．７７（Ａｓ）、０．２５（Ｃｕ）、４７．３（Ｚｎ）和８．３６（油）；贝在体内污染物的浓度分别为０．００３－０．０３３（Ｈｇ）、１．１６－１     

Ecological effects of reactivation of artificially stabilized blowouts in coastal dunes

In an inner dune area in the Dutch coastal dunes several artificially stabilized blowouts were reactivated. The purpose was to investigate whether these reactivated blowouts could remain active despite the increased atmospheric deposition of nutrients, how much area would be affected by sand from the blowouts, whether the vegetation would respond to the deposition of sand, and whether the reactivation of blowouts could be a measure against the effects of acidification and eutrophication. This paper presents the results of the first years of minitoring the changes in the blowout morphology and the response of the vegetation. In the monitoring period (1991–1994) the blowouts remained active and grew slowly in size and depth. The area which receives more than 1 cm of calcareous sand from the blowout in three years was up to six times the area of the blowouts. Moss vegetation responded to the accumulation of sand:Campylopus introflexus was sparse within the deposition area whereasTortula ruralis was found near the contour of 1 cm deposition in 3 yr. No indications were found that shrubs or marram grass were adversely affected by the deposition of sand. The experiment forms part of a programme to test measures aimed at mitigating the effects of air pollution on natural landscapes. From the viewpoint of the programme the experiment is a success.     

Self-purification capacity and management of Baltic coastal ecosystems

It is expected that the Baltic region becomes a major centre of economic growth and prosperity in Europe already during this decade (Anon. 2000). Therefore, an Agenda 21 for the Baltic region (Baltic 21) was developed to ensure a sustainable development. Especially the coastal ecosystems are subject to increasing anthropogenic pressure e.g. eutrophication, traffic, harbours, tourism or offshore wind parks. Eutrophication remains the main ecological problem in the Baltic Sea and has serious negative social and economical consequences. Inner and outer coastal waters play an important role as buffers and filters for the Baltic proper. Consequently, the utilization and preservation of their self-purification capacity is of great importance. Combined results of our own coastal research and of the international workshop ‘Baltic coastal ecosystems: structure, function and coastal zone management’ (Rostock University, November 2001) are presented here. Conclusions for an improved integrated coastal zone management of Baltic coastal ecosystems will be presented.     

北京市近年来大气降尘变化规律及趋势

根据北京市多年监测的降尘数据,对北京市城近郊区及远郊区的降尘量进行了统计分析,找出了北京市近15年来降尘的总体变化规律;利用方差分析方法检验了不同季节降尘的显著性差异,发现春季降尘量最大;找出了不同功能区的降尘变化规律,发现工业区的降尘量最大,而且不同行政区的功能区之间也存在差别。最后根据秩相关系数法对其进行了趋势分析,结果表明,北京市的降尘呈下降趋势。