Linear free energy relationships for dechlorination of aromatic chlorides by Pd/Fe

Reductive dechlorination rate constants for five chlorobenzenes in the presence of Pd/Fe as catalyst were determined experimentally. Linear free energy relationships (LFER) for the dechlorination rate constants of five chlorobenzenes and three chlorophenols were developed by partial least squares (PLS) regression based on quantum chemical parameters computed by PM3 Hamiltonian. The optimal LFER model obtained is

logk=−1.63+1.46×10⁻³ΔH_f−7.69×10⁻¹E_LUMO

where k stands for the dechlorination rate constants, ΔH_f is the standard heat of formation, and E_LUMO is the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital. The Q²_cum value of the model is 0.879, indicating good robustness and predictive power of the model.     

Investigation of influence of tungsten mine wastes on the elemental composition of some alpine and subalpine plants on Mount Uludağ, Bursa,Turkey

In this study, the effect of mine work wastes on elemental composition (N, P, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) of some alpine and subalpine plant species and in soils were investigated in the surroundings of the Etibank Wolfram Mine Work in Uludag mountain. Soils and plant parts belonging to Thymus praecox Opiz., Acinos alpinus (L.) Moench, Plantago holosteum Scop and Festuca punctoria Sm species collected from three directions around Wolfram Mine Work were used for our investigations. All samples were analysed by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) for Ca, K, Mg, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu. The significant differences among sample sites were in terms of pH, % CaCO3, % C, % N and % P contents of soil. The changes of Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Cu contents in soil were determined to be due to mining activity. Of the four species examined, an important change was determined in concentrations of Mg, Mn, Fe and Zn although P. holosteum and F. punctoria were different in above- and below-ground parts, showing that plant element content is specific to species.     

聚甲基丙烯酸-Fe3O4纳米吸附剂的吸附性能

以共沉淀法制备纳米Fe3O4,通过在颗粒表面接枝聚甲基丙烯酸(PMAA),制备了一种新型磁性纳米吸附剂.用透射电镜(TEM)、X-衍射分析(XRD)等对其进行了表征,并考察了它对酸性玫瑰红B(RB)的吸附性能.结果表明,制备的磁性微球平均粒径18nm.该吸附剂能有效去除RB,吸附速率很快,在5min内基本达到平衡.等温吸附数据符合Langmuir模型,饱和吸附容量为0.2mg/mg,吸附常数为7.2mL/mg.吸附为吸热过程,288～318K时,焓变为18kJ/mol.     

低有机碳含量表层土中Fe2O3对γ-666光解的催化作用

考察5种低有机碳含量天然土中Fe2O3光催化降解γ-666的光解动力学,γ-666的光解符合准一级动力学方程.从所得的γ-666光解动力学常数可知,随Fe2O3质量分数从0.40%增加到5.40%,γ-666的一级光解动力学常数也增大,且两者的线性相关系数为0.952,其在5种天然土中的半衰期随Fe2O3含量的增加依次为133.3h,82.5h,44.1h,28.5h,20.4h.由此可见,低有机碳含量天然土中Fe2O3对γ-666的光解具有明显的催化作用.     

地下水污染修复的零价铁PRB技术

零价铁可渗透反应墙(Fe0-PRB)技术,已被证明是一项修复由卤代烃、卤代芳烃和有机氯农药以及一些有毒金属(如铬、硒、铀、砷和锝等)引起的地下水污染的有效技术.本文总结了国内外利用零价铁PRB修复受污染地下水的研究成果和动态,并结合当前该技术面临的问题分析了研究方向和发展前景.     

Fe+3(EDTA)还原菌的分离及其性能

从还原NO络合吸收液的混合微生物中分离得到一株克雷伯氏菌(FR-1).考察了氮源量、碳源及其添加量、菌体接种量、pH值和温度对该菌种生长和对Fe 3(EDTA)还原特性的影响.结果表明,菌种FR-1生长适宜的氮源量为100mg/L;以葡萄糖为碳源对微生物生长和Fe 3(EDTA)还原均有利,其添加量为800mg/L时还原效果最好;在接种量为100mg/L时,菌种FR-1生长最好,对Fe 3(EDTA)还原效率随菌体接种量的增加而增大;菌种FR-1生长和对Fe 3(EDTA)还原的最佳温度为40℃;在考察的初始pH值(5.0~8.5)范围内,细菌生长随pH值升高而下降,而对Fe 3(EDTA)的还原随pH值升高而增加.     

胡敏酸与Fe3+络合反应稳定性及热力学特征研究

采用离子交换平衡法研究了在不同酸度、离子强度、温度条件下胡敏酸(HA)与Fe3 络合反应的稳定性和热力学特征.结果表明,在相同离子强度、反应温度条件下,随着pH的升高,HA与Fe3 络合表观稳定常数和配位数均增加,有利于络合反应的进行;相同pH和温度下,离子强度从0到0.10 mol·L-1,HA与Fe3 络合反应表观稳定常数和配位数增加,但离子强度从0.10 mol·L-1继续上升到0.15 mol·L-1,则上述2个特征常数呈现下降的趋势;胡敏酸络合Fe3 标准自由能变△Gθm、焓变△Hθm、熵变△S:在298.2、308.2 K温度下均为负值,反应是自发进行的放热反应,较低的温度有利于反应的进行.     

Arsenic release from microbial reduction of scorodite in the presence of electron shuttle in flooded soil

Scorodite (FeAsO₄·H₂O) is a common arsenic-bearing (As-bearing) iron mineral in nearsurface environments that could immobilize or store As in a bound state.In flooded soils,microbe induced Fe(Ⅲ) or As(Ⅴ) reduction can increase the mobility and bioavailability of As.Additionally,humic substances can act as electron shuttles to promote this process.The dynamics of As release and diversity of putative As(Ⅴ)-reducing bacteria during scorodite reduction have yet to be investigat...     

铁-草酸配合物光分解降解活性染料的研究

研究了铁（Ⅲ)-草酸配合物在可见光及太阳光照射下，对活性染料的光解降解作用。结果表明，在pH=4．0、Fe(Ⅲ)／H2E2O4=0．060mmol／L／2．88mmol／L(草酸分2次加入)、光照3h的条件下，20mg／L的活性红的降解率为97．5％。溶液pH值、铁与草酸浓度比和活性染料浓度均对降解效果产生影响。     

胡敏酸和富里酸与Fe3+氧化还原动力学研究

采用邻二氮菲比色法研究了Fe3 与不同浓度的胡敏酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)的氧化还原反应动力学特征.结果表明,采用常用动力学方程对反应过程进行拟合,二级反应方程比较满意.在相同腐殖酸浓度下,随着Fe3 初始浓度的增加,腐殖酸还原Fe3 的速度常数k2降低,而还原反应半衰期t1/2增大;HA还原Fe3 的速率常数k2大于FA,半衰期小于FA. HA对Fe3 的还原能力较FA高,氧化还原容量亦比后者大.