Tissue distribution of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and non-ortho chlorinated biphenyls (non-ortho CBs) in harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from Swedish waters

Polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and non-ortho chlorinated biphenyls (non-ortho CBs) were analysed in blubber, nuchal fat, liver, muscle, kidney and brain of three male harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) from the west coast of Sweden. To estimate spatial variation, PCNs and non-ortho CBs were analysed in six blubber samples collected at different anatomical sites of each animal. Highest wet weight concentrations of ΣPCNs were detected in the lipid rich tissues (blubber and nuchal fat) and liver (520–730 and 520 pg/g, respectively) and lowest in brain (22 pg/g). TetraCNs were most abundant in muscle, kidney and brain, while the hexaCNs were most abundant in the lipid rich tissues and liver. The highest lipid weight concentration recorded (11 ng/g) was for the hexaCN congeners no. 66/67 in liver. These coeluting hexaCN congeners accounted for 80–100% of total hexaCNs in all tissues examined.Concentrations of Σnon-ortho CBs were highest in lipid rich tissues (220–280 pg/g wet weight). Non-ortho CB no. 77 and 169 constituted between 62–86% and 4.9–9.3%, respectively, of total Σnon-ortho CBs. No major variation of Σnon-ortho CB concentrations was found between the six different blubber sites but higher ΣPCN concentrations (wet weight) were found dorsally at the peduncle. Toxic equivalent concentrations (TEQs) showed that non-ortho CB no. 126 was the main contributor to total TEQs in all tissues, except liver in which hexaCN congener nos. 66/67 contributed to about 50% of total TEQs.     

固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法测定地毯中总挥发性有机化合物

建立了一种固相微萃取与气相色谱质谱联用测定地毯中总挥发性有机化合物的方法,该方法简便快速,重现性好,分析结果同小型环境平衡舱法测定的结果比较吻合。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定废水中三乙胺和苯胺

采用固相微萃取-气相色谱法建立了测定废水中三乙胺和苯胺的方法,对萃取条件和气相色谱条件进行了优化。方法的相对标准偏差为0．5％～0．8％,加标回收率为96．3％～107．0％。总分析时间小于1h,适用于快速分析废水中胺类化合物。     

液液萃取-气相色谱/串联质谱法测定水中五氯酚及其钠盐

采用液液萃取处理水样,用气相色谱-串联质谱法测定样品中五氯酚及其钠盐,通过优化测定条件,使方法在1.00μg/L～500μg/L范围内线性良好.检出限和定量限分别为1.00μg/L和5.00μg/L,空白水样五氯酚钠3个质量浓度水平的加标回收率为89.8％～98.4％,5次平行试验测定结果的RSD为5.5％～10.7％...     

Determination of particulate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after molecularly imprinted polymer extraction

A solid phase extraction procedure (SPE) is described for the quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric particulate matter (PM), as ubiquitous environmental pollutants routinely measured in air quality monitoring. A SPE cartridge was used based on a molecular imprinted polymer (MIP-SPE) properly tailored for selective retention of PAHs with 4 and more benzene fused rings. The performance of the clean-up procedure was evaluated with the specific concern of selective purification towards saturated hydrocarbons, which are the PM components mostly interfering GC analysis of target PAHs. Under optimized operative conditions, the MIP-SPE provided analyte recovery close to 95% for heavier PAHs, from benzo(α)pyrene to benzo(ghi)perylene, and close to 90% for four benzene rings PAHs, with good reproducibility (RSDs: 2.5%-5.9%). Otherwise, C₁₇-C₃₂ n-alkanes were nearly completely removed. The proposed method was critically compared with Solid Phase Micro Extraction (SPME) using a polyacrylate fiber. Both methods were successfully applied to the analysis of ambient PM_2.5 samples collected at an urban polluted site. Between the two procedures, the MIP-SPE provided the highest recovery (R% ≥ 93%) for PAHs with 5 and more benzene rings, but lower for lighter PAHs. In contrast, SPME showed a mean acceptable R% value (∼ 80%) for all the investigated PAHs, except for the heaviest PAHs in the most polluted samples (R%: 110%-138%), suggesting an incomplete purification from the interfering n-hydrocarbons.     

环境水样中邻苯二甲酸二辛酯GC测定固相萃取条件优化研究

借助于均匀设计法合理安排试验,再应用计算机回归技术进行C18柱固相萃取条件的设计和优化研究,建立相关的数学模型,找出了各因素对回收率的影响规律。成功地确定(正己烷:丙酮)配比17∶1、洗脱体积2.0m l、洗脱速率6.0m l.m in-1、上样速率9.0m l.m in-1为优化的萃取条件,此时得到DEHP和DnOP的回收率分别为91.98%、107.3%。     

养殖海水中有机磷农药的毛细管气相色谱分析

本文介绍了毛细管气相色谱测定养殖海水中一组化学结构上相近、且被广泛使用的有机磷农药分析方法。样品经ＣＨＣｌ３萃取，无水Ｎａ２ＳＯ４脱水和Ｋ－Ｏ浓缩器后，用装有ＦＰＤ检测器的毛细管气相色谱测定。在本分析方法中设置的色谱条件下，该组有机磷农药能够被较好的分离；０．０１５、０．１５和１．５ｍｇ／Ｌ量级的添加部回收率为９７．８±８．７％－－１０３．３±６．７％，变异系数为３．６－７．８，本方法的了低检出浓     

地面水中痕量挥发性有机污染物的GC／MS法测定

参考美国EPA624方法,采用LSC_3吹捕富集,色谱/质谱/计算机联用技术,以特征离子峰面积内标法,对若干挥发性有机污染物作定量分析研究。在1至50ppb浓度范围内,混合标样中各化合物均获得线性良好的校准工作曲线。相对标准偏差小于12％,平均回收率在94％～105％。最小检测浓度为0.5～1.0ppb。实际测定了地面水样,测得重点控制挥发性有机物12种,浓度为0.5～279ppb。     

毛细柱气相色谱法测定天然水中痕量铍、铝、铬

介绍一个用毛细柱气相色谱法同时测定铍、铝、铬酌新方法。在pH为5.6的醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲溶液中,铍、铝、铬与三氟乙酰丙酮生成挥发性和热稳定性的金属整合物。可萃取至苯中,注射至熔融石英WCOT OV—101柱上,在140℃分离测定,用电子捕获检测器检测。铍、铝、铬的回收率分别为83—103％,88—105％,90—103％。变异系数分别为6.5％,6.5％,2.0％。可用于天然水中亚ppb级铍、铝、铬的分析。测定了海水、河口水、矿泉水、雪水等样品。     

城市自来水光催化氧化深度净化效果

在玻璃纤维网上制得ＴｉＯ２催化膜．用相应的固定膜光催化氧化装置进行了城市自来水的深度净化研究．ＧＣ／ＭＳ分析表明，在水中输入能量８７Ｗ／Ｌ的低光照强度下，经１ｈ的处理，自来水中有机物总量去除率在６０％以上．１９种优先污染物有５种消失，另２１种有害物质中１０种浓度降至仪器检测限以下．与此同时，水中各种有机物的浓度均显著下降．中间产物中基本不含有害的物质．光催化氧化对城市自来水中有机污染物有令人满意的去除效果．