Negotiating housing deal on a polluted day: Consequences and possible explanations

The topic of air pollution has drawn considerable attention globally. In this paper, we examine the immediate effect of air pollution on a substantial decision, that is, a housing purchase. By linking housing purchasing behavior with the air quality in Beijing, we document market participants' behaviors unexplained by rational economic theories. Our main result suggests that the transaction prices on a severely polluted day are 0.65% higher than those of the days without pollution, other things being equal. This translates into approximately 3.51 million yuan daily increase based on the average transaction volume and price on a typical day in Beijing. The heterogeneity analysis further suggests that this effect is mostly driven by non-local and low income buyers. After ruling out rational explanations, we demonstrate that our empirical results are consistent with salience theory under weak assumptions.     

Gentrification and housing improvement: the case of Nürnberg

A revival of interest among professional people in central and inner city residence appears to have occurred in West Germany since the late 1970s. In recent years, a selective programme of central area rehabilitation has successfully wedded public and private funding in Nürnberg, with consequent displacement of low‐income tenants. The further spread of upgrading and social change appears to have been halted in parts of the inner city designated as Urban Renewal Areas, where the federal and local authorities are apparently intent on stabilising and improving the much‐neglected housing and environmental conditions of the poorest “guestworker” communities.     

Housing association and local authority provision in rural housing markets: a Mid‐Wales case study

Over the last decade or so, rural housing problems in Britain have become an important focus of attention both for researchers and planners. Inaccessibility to adequate housing is a significant component of the more all‐embracing problems of rural deprivation. The rented sector is of particular relevance to the amelioration of these problems, but the supply has been increasingly restricted both in the private and in the public sector. Great stress has therefore been laid on the ability of housing associations to provide rented sector housing. This paper investigates the work of one particular housing association in Mid‐Wales — Cymdeithas Tai Dyffryn Teifi (CTDT) and assesses the degree of complementarity achieved with housing provision by the local councils operating in the same rural locality. The particular areas of effectiveness of a housing association in this context are thereby evaluated.     

The transformation of multi‐storey dwellings by self‐help: workers’ city,Helwan, Egypt

Self‐help extensions to government‐built housing are now accepted as a valuable addition to the housing stock in many third world countries. This paper describes self‐help extensions being made to five‐storey walk‐up flats in Helwan, Egypt, to provide more living space for households which have grown too large for the two rooms initially provided. It is argued that the cooperative effort and standard of construction are resulting in an acceptable new environment. Government response should be to encourage and guide such extensions wherever they occur.     

Adaptation of local building materials — a key to rapid housing development in Nigeria

There are some experts who are dealing with research on locally made materials for building in the Ministry of Housing and Works in Nigeria. It has been discovered in the Ministry that lateriate clays can be fired and used for building even two‐storey buildings depending on the firing and the pressure (Ogunbamwo, 1975). The Ministry has constructed a block of bungalows of low‐cost housing units with mud at Ikoyi, off Kingsway Road. No one will know that these houses are mud houses if not at closer inspection. Unfortunately, no effort has been made to continue or improve on this laudable adventure in Nigeria.     

细小深盲孔黄铜壳体冷挤压工艺

选择合适的软化退火工艺规范,制订合理的工艺方案,正确选用模具材料和特殊的模具结构,可用冷挤压成形工艺完成H68黄铜壳体的精密成形。用此工艺成形的零件除上下两端面留有适量的机械加工余量外,其余部分不再后续切削加工就能达到壳体零件的设计要求,同时,由于形变强化,使冷挤压成形的壳体具有较高的强度和足够的韧性,克服了切削加工壳体在使用过程中存在的鼓胀问题。     

Health impact assessment of Roma housing policies in Central and Eastern Europe: A comparative analysis

Marginalised Roma communities in European countries live in substandard housing conditions the improvement of which has been one of the major issues of the Decade of Roma Inclusion, the ongoing intergovernmental European Roma programme. The paper presents EU-funded health impact assessments of national Roma housing policies and programmes in 3 Central and Eastern European countries in light of the evaluation of a completed local project in a fourth CEE country so as to compare predicted effects to observed ones. Housing was predicted to have beneficial health effects by improving indoor and outdoor conditions, access to services, and socioeconomic conditions. Negative impacts were predicted only in terms of maintenance expenses and housing tenure. However, observed impacts of the completed local project did not fully support predictions especially in terms of social networks, satisfaction with housing and neighbourhood, and inhabitant safety. In order to improve the predictive value of HIA, more evidence should be produced by the careful evaluation of locally implemented housing projects. In addition, current evidence is in favour of planning Roma housing projects at the local rather than at the national level in alignment with the principle of subsidiarity.     

环境污染与住房价格的计量经济分析模式

对人的生活环境如何评价进行定量化的探讨，即城市住房价格如何引入计量经济模式，给出一个定量回归分析方法，得出比较科学可靠和准确的结果．     

住宅建设中环境问题及其对策建议

在总结多年来住宅建设项目环境审核经验的基础上。分析了住宅建设中的污染来源及对环境的影响。针对上海市住宅建设发展速度快而相关管理法规不配套，住宅周边环境污染和配套设施产生的噪声，废气对住宅产生的影响等问题，建议及早制定地方性环保法规，规范，建立统一的生态适宜性综合评价指标体系。对规划用地性质调整的区域，应建立环境影响评价制度，制定在不同环境功能区之间设置环保防护间距的技术规定。实行住宅建设项目环境质量现状和综合评价指标公示制度。     

On the economics of energy labels in the housing market

Energy efficiency in the residential housing market can play an important role in the reduction of global carbon emissions. This paper reports the first evidence on the market adoption and economic implications of energy performance certificates implemented by the European Union. The results show that adoption rates are low and declining over time, coinciding with a negative sentiment regarding the label in the popular media. Labels are clustered among smaller, post-war homes in neighborhoods with more difficult selling conditions. We also document that geographic variation in the adoption rate of energy labels is positively related to the fraction of “green” voters during the 2006 national elections. Within the sample of labeled homes, the energy label creates transparency in the energy efficiency of dwellings. Our analysis shows that consumers capitalize this information into the price of their prospective homes.