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941.
以某医药企业产生的含铝废盐酸为原料制备了液体聚合氯化铝(PAC)。确定了适宜的有机物去除方法和碱化剂,考察了碱化剂投加量、废盐酸铝离子含量等合成条件对PAC产品指标的影响,并比较了自制PAC和市售PAC对该企业污水站二沉池出水的混凝效果。实验结果表明:采用活性炭吸附法去除废盐酸中有机物,选择固体Ca O作为碱化剂,在活性炭投加量1‰(w)、吸附时间1 h、铝离子含量9.5%(w,以Al_2O_3计)、CaO投加量80 g/L、反应时间24 h的条件下,制备的液体PAC达到行业标准HG/T 2677—2017《工业聚氯化铝》中的Ⅲ类标准;自制PAC对废水COD和SS的去除率均优于市售PAC,不仅可替代其使用,还可外售产生经济效益。 相似文献
942.
943.
Morphometric, hydrological and basic physico-chemicalcharacteristics of three deep Alpine lakes, Traunsee,Hallstättersee and Attersee as well as their long-termbahaviour are presented. The deep Alpine lakesHallstättersee and Traunsee have been influenced by saltmining and the traditional salt industry for over 100 years. Waste products from these activities, entering the lakes, have mainlyaffected the chemistry of these water bodies, especially bysubstantially increasing the chloride concentrations up to 170 mg L-1. As a consequence of the increased density, mixing conditions of the lakes were altered. The resulting incomplete mixing led to oxygen depletionin deeper layers. In addition, increased nutrientload from the catchment rised the trophic level in the 70s and 80sof the last century in turn, affecting the oxygen content in thehypolimnion. Finally a situation developed where the risk becamehigh for these lakes to become meromictic induced by humanactivity. In fact, Hallstättersee became facultativelymeromictic. This process was interrupted by increased chlorideinput of more than 30 mg L-1 due to accidental wash outfrom an upstream salt mine rendering Hallstätterseehomogenous in 1978 to 1980 resulting in complete over-turn. Conditions substantially improved in both lakes after miningpractices were altered and restoration measures againsteutrophication were initiated. Chloride and phosphorusconcentrations declined, while oxygen conditions substantiallyimproved in the following years. Conditions in Traunseesubstantially improved and chloride levels near the sedimentdecreased to less than 140 mg L-1. The third lakeconsidered here, Attersee, always remained in a near-naturalstate although some signs of increased nutrient levels becamevisible in the late 1970s. Chloride concentrations of around 3 mgL-1 in this lake can be considered as background levels.Attersee can now serve as a reference site for deep Alpine lakesbecause of its ultra-oligotrophic and pristine nature. 相似文献
944.
简易流动注射仪化学发光法测定水环境中的铵态氮 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在0.1M的碱性条件下,NBS(N—溴代丁二酰亚 胺)在荧光素的增敏作用下氧化氯化铵,产生强的化学发光。基于此本文详细研究了其反应 的特性和影响因素,在优化的实验条件下体系对氯化铵的测定范围为1.0×10-7~1 .5×10-5g/mL,检出限为3.6×10-8g/mL,对5.0×10-6g/mL氯化铵 进行11次平行测定,其RSD为2.8%。将本法用于环境水样中NH+4的分析,并与常规的 方法进行对照,获得了满意的结果。 相似文献
945.
在分析了普通混凝剂的基础上,研究了聚合氯化铝(PAC)对造纸废水的处理效果。混凝试验结果表明,聚合氯化铝对造纸废水的处理达到较为理想的效果。 相似文献
946.
活性染料印染废水混凝脱色研究 总被引:57,自引:1,他引:57
对以活性染料为主的印染废水,用硫酸亚铁、碱式氯化铝(PAC)加内烯酰(PAM)进行混凝土脱色实验,并分析了脱色机理实验表明,混凝剂投加量,PH值大小均对脱色效果有影响,通过比较,该文给出了取得最佳效果的控制条件。 相似文献
947.
作者采集了西南极南设得兰群岛纳尔逊岛冰盖的冰雪样,并测得其δD和δO~(18)值分别为-67.8~-75.0‰和-8.72~-8.93‰,进而拟合出δD和δ~(18)O关系大致为δD=8δ~(18)O-1.5。本文从“大陆效应”、“温度效应”、“纬度效应”及降雪过程的同位素动力分馏等方面对所获资料作了讨论。 相似文献
948.
烟草头孢霉F2抗氯化汞特性的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
对抗汞真菌——烟草头孢霉F2的某些抗汞特性进行了研究。结果表明,该菌株在含500mg/L HgCl_2的土豆汁葡萄糖培养基中生长良好,其对HgCl_2的抗性与培养基的起始pH值明显相关。某些巯基化合物可促进该菌的抗汞能力。二价金属阳离子对该菌抗汞能力有不同的效应。在不同的培养基上,该菌对汞的吸收能力不同。在一定的条件下,菌体吸收的汞可释放入无汞培养液和磷酸缓冲液中。经透射电镜和扫描电镜观察表明,该菌分生孢子在萌发前明显膨胀,细胞壁、细胞核及线粒体均有不规则现象出现。 相似文献
949.
950.
《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(4):827-835
As one typical cationic disinfectant, quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) were approved for surface disinfection in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and then unintentionally or intentionally released into the surrounding environment. Concerningly, it is still unclear how the soil microbial community succession happens and the nitrogen (N) cycling processes alter when exposed to QACs. In this study, one common QAC (benzalkonium chloride (BAC) was selected as the target contaminant, and its effects on the temporal changes in soil microbial community structure and nitrogen transformation processes were determined by qPCR and 16S rRNA sequencing-based methods. The results showed that the aerobic microbial degradation of BAC in the two different soils followed first-order kinetics with a half-life (4.92 vs. 17.33 days) highly dependent on the properties of the soil. BAC activated the abundance of N fixation gene (nifH) and nitrification genes (AOA and AOB) in the soil and inhibited that of denitrification gene (narG). BAC exposure resulted in the decrease of the alpha diversity of soil microbial community and the enrichment of Crenarchaeota and Proteobacteria. This study demonstrates that BAC degradation is accompanied by changes in soil microbial community structure and N transformation capacity. 相似文献