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排序方式: 共有347条查询结果,搜索用时 359 毫秒
51.
52.
Yang Li Yixin Zhang Guangshen Xia Juhong Zhan Gang Yu Yujue Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(1):1
53.
This paper presents data on the limiting (minimum) concentrations of hydrogen in oxygen, in the presence of added helium, at elevated temperature and pressure related to the practical operational case. A 5 L explosion vessel, an ignition sub-system and a transient pressure measurement sub-system were used. Through a series of experiments carried out using this system, the limiting concentrations of hydrogen in oxygen and helium at different initial pressures and temperatures for the practical operational case were studied, and the influence of ignition energy and initial temperature on the limiting concentration of hydrogen in oxygen and helium was analyzed and discussed. The variation of ignition energy within the studied range is found to have a significant effect on the limiting concentration of hydrogen in oxygen and helium at lower initial temperature. However, when the ignition energy is higher than 32 mJ, the limiting hydrogen concentration remains almost changeless as the initial temperature increases from 21 °C to 90 °C. The limiting explosible concentration of hydrogen–oxygen–helium mixture decreases as the ignition energy increases when the initial temperature is lower. When the initial temperature is higher, the ignition energy has little effect on the limiting hydrogen concentration of hydrogen–oxygen–helium mixtures. When the initial temperature reaches 90 °C, the limiting hydrogen concentration remains almost changeless with an increase in ignition energy. The limiting explosible concentration of hydrogen in the mixtures, at the initial temperature of 21 °C and the ignition energy of 0.5 mJ, is 8.5% and that of oxygen is 11.25%. 相似文献
54.
Many substances react with water in such a way that flammable gases are formed. For transport issues this reaction may possess a considerable hazard especially if the cargo is wetted by rain or by water from other sources. In the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods these kinds of problems are addressed. The UN test N.5 “Test method for substances which in contact with water emit flammable gases” corresponds to this hazard. Classification according to the test method is done by measurement of the gas evolution rate of the flammable gas by any suitable procedure. At BAM a gravimetric approach is used to measure the gas evolution rate. In this paper we present the evaluation of the apparatus by means of an absolute calibration routine utilizing a reaction where a known amount of gas is produced as well as the evaluation of important parameters influencing the gas evolution rate using different substances. It can be shown that the apparatus is capable of measuring absolute gas volumes as low as 6 mL with an acceptable error of about 17% as determined from the reaction of Mg with demineralized water. 相似文献
55.
《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2014,92(1):70-79
The increase in GHG concentration has a direct effect on global climate conditions. Among the possible technologies to mitigate GHG emissions, CCS is being accepted to gain emission reduction. Such technology also involves cryogenic CO2 capture processes based on CO2 freeze-out or where the formation of solid CO2 must be avoided. Captured CO2 is usually transported in pipelines for the reinjection.The risk associated to the release of CO2 is due to the changing temperatures and pressures the system may experience, which can lead to the deposition of solid CO2 where it must be avoided. Prolonged exposure to dry ice can cause severe skin damage and its resublimation could pose a danger of hypercapnia. It is, thus, necessary to build up a tool able to predict the conditions in which CO2 can freeze-out.A thermodynamic methodology based on cubic EoSs has been developed which is able to predict solid–liquid–vapor equilibrium of CO2 mixtures with n-alkanes or H2S which are usually found in equipment for acidic gas, mainly natural gas, treatment.The focus is a detailed analysis of the method performances when more than two components are present since, for such a case, literature does not provide significant modeling results. 相似文献
56.
Swine slurry is a source of atmospheric pollutants. Emissions of basic and acidic compounds from slurry are largely dependent on the surface pH. In a storage system, the pH at the surface layers changes over time due to the volatilisation of ammonia (NH3), carbon dioxide (CO2) and acetic acid (HAc). In this article, a comprehensive gas emission–pH (GE–pH) coupled model is proposed to describe the simultaneous release of acidic and basic gaseous pollutants from swine slurry. The model was applied to describe the release of NH3, CO2, HAc and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) from standard slurries stored in animal houses, outside storage tanks and lagoons. The modelled results agreed well with values reported in the literature and could be reasonably interpreted. The key parameters affecting the release of gases were: initial pH, initial concentration of total ammonium nitrogen and inorganic carbon, slurry temperature and air velocity. This study suggests that future modelling studies on gas emissions from animal slurry should consider the concentration of inorganic carbon and the frequency in which the slurry surface is mixed or altered, because they affect the surface pH and the release of gaseous pollutants from slurry. 相似文献
57.
Fenton试剂加硫酸处理高浓度含酚废水的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
研究了硫酸、Fenton试剂对酚的催化降解作用,证实了硫酸与Fenton试剂对酚的催化降解具有协同作用。H_2SO_4-Fenton试剂对高浓度含酚废水的处理结果说明,在Fenton试剂中加入硫酸可大大增加其对酚的降解能力。与单独的Fenton试剂法比较,当H_2O_2∶COD(重量比)<0.8时,本法对COD≥14000mg/L含酚废水COD去除率可提高40%以上,对高浓度含酚废水具有很好的处理效果。 相似文献
58.
Zunhang Lv Kaihang Wang Yingying Si Zihan Li Tianpeng Yu Xin Liu Guixue Wang Guangwen Xie Luhua Jiang 《绿色能源与环境(英文)》2022,7(1):75-85
Judiciously engineering the electrocatalysts is attractive and challenging to exploit materials with high electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction. Herein, we successfully perform the interface engineering by alternately depositing Co–P and Ni–Fe–P films on nickel foam, via facile electroless plating and de-alloying process. This work shows that there is a significant effect of de-alloying process on alloy growth. The electronic structure of layered alloys is improved by interface engineering. The multilayer strategy significantly promotes the charge transfer. Importantly, the Co–P/Ni–Fe–P/NF electrode fabricated by interface engineering exhibits excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity with an overpotential of 43.4 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and long-term durability for 72 h in alkaline medium (1 mol L-1 KOH). The innovative strategy of this work may aid further development of commercial electrocatalysts. 相似文献
59.
E. Martínez J. Albaladejo A. Notario E. Jimnez 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2000,34(29-30)
The atmospheric reaction of the methylthiyl radical (CH3S) with O3 was investigated as a function of temperature (259–381 K), in the pressure range of 25–300 Torr, using the technique of laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence. The resulting Arrhenius expression, with an uncertainty of ±2σ, was k1(T=259–381 K)=(1.02±0.30)×10−12 exp[(432±77) K/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The obtained rate constant k1 was independent of pressure over the limited range employed. Our results are compared with the previous studies carried out, at single temperature and as a function of temperature, by different techniques. 相似文献
60.
The present study aimed to evaluate the short-term biomass accumulation of forest trees exposed to wet acidic depositions. A hierarchical Bayesian model of tree growth was developed based on the data of a short-term experiment in which 2-year-old Japanese red pine (Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) seedlings were exposed to aqueous phase OH radicals generated by an iron-oxalate-H2O2 mist (a pseudo-polluted dew) over two growing periods. We conducted a statistical comparison of tree growth between the control and pollution treatment groups by using the growth model incorporated the random effects due to the unknown characteristics of each seedling. The variability among seedlings is expressed in this model by the posterior probabilistic distributions of unobserved dry weight of a stem cohort before exposure treatment. The analysis of the effects of pollution treatment on the stem growth revealed that this treatment decreases the biomass allocation in the current year stems. However, the effects on the relative growth rate of pre-existing stems were unclear. Based on these results, we can speculate that in a polluted environment, the short-term growth of the young stems in the seedlings inhibited by pollution treatment, thereby resulting in the slowdown of long-term biomass accumulation. This can explain the patterns observed in the declining Japanese red pine forests that are subjected to OH-generating dews in the polluted area of western Japan. 相似文献