全文获取类型
收费全文 | 551篇 |
免费 | 18篇 |
国内免费 | 128篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 7篇 |
废物处理 | 11篇 |
环保管理 | 23篇 |
综合类 | 233篇 |
基础理论 | 77篇 |
污染及防治 | 161篇 |
评价与监测 | 183篇 |
社会与环境 | 2篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 17篇 |
2021年 | 12篇 |
2020年 | 12篇 |
2019年 | 23篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 16篇 |
2016年 | 38篇 |
2015年 | 26篇 |
2014年 | 42篇 |
2013年 | 86篇 |
2012年 | 43篇 |
2011年 | 59篇 |
2010年 | 29篇 |
2009年 | 47篇 |
2008年 | 23篇 |
2007年 | 23篇 |
2006年 | 25篇 |
2005年 | 23篇 |
2004年 | 15篇 |
2003年 | 15篇 |
2002年 | 19篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 15篇 |
1999年 | 11篇 |
1998年 | 12篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 6篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 2篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 4篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有697条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
581.
582.
To establish a concise and rapid procedure to analyze hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) diastereomers in flame-retarded textiles, three different methods of extraction—Soxhlet, ultrasonic, and soaking extractions with toluene and dichloromethane (DCM)—were compared. During Soxhlet extraction using toluene, the percent contribution of α-HBCD to total HBCDs increased slightly and that of γ-HBCD decreased, indicating that γ-HBCD was isomerized to some extent at the boiling point of toluene (110.6 °C). For ultrasonic extraction, the temperature of the water bath can easily increase over time during the procedure, which might lead to undesirable effects. Therefore, we considered soaking extraction with DCM to be the most facile procedure to analyze HBCD diastereomers in textiles. Using the method established in this study, commercially available textiles in Japan (n = 10) were analyzed to understand the actual composition of HBCD contents and its diastereomer profiles. With the exception of one textile sample, HBCDs were detected in all the samples analyzed, with concentrations ranging from 22 000 to 43 000 mg kg−1 (i.e. 2.2–4.3%). We found a higher proportion of the α-diastereomer in most textile products compared with that of commercial HBCD mixtures, indicating that γ-HBCD isomerized to α-diastereomer by heating processes to incorporate the commercial formulation into treated materials or that the α-diastereomer preferentially absorbed onto textile materials during the manufacturing of flame-retarded consumer products. 相似文献
583.
Risk assessment for human consumption of perfluorinated compound-contaminated freshwater and marine fish from Hong Kong and Xiamen 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are man-made fluoro-surfactants that are identified as global pollutants and can pose health risks to humans and wildlife. Two aspects of risk assessment were conducted in this study, including exposure and response. Exposure was estimated by using the concentrations of PFCs in fish and applying standard exposure factors. Among different PFCs, PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, PFUdA and PFTrDA were detected. Total concentrations of PFC in fish ranged from 0.27-8.4 ng g−1 to 0.37-8.7 ng g−1 respectively in Hong Kong and Xiamen. The calculated hazard ratio (HR) of PFOS for all fish was less than 1.0. However, the HR for mandarin fish in Hong Kong and bighead carp, grass carp and tilapia in Xiamen, had HR values of approximately 0.5, indicating that frequent consumption of these 4 more contaminated fish species might pose an unacceptable risk to human health. Our data support the notion that the released/disposed chemical pollutants into water systems make fish a source of environmental toxicants to humans. The risks and potential effects of PFCs to health of coastal population in the Pearl River Delta are of concern. 相似文献
584.
585.
Sérgio H. Monteiro Fabiana Garcia Kátia S. Gozi Daiane M. Romera Jeane G. Francisco Graziela C. R. Moura-Andrade 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(12):817-823
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between antibiotic residues found in the muscle of cage-farm-raised Nile tilapia (Oreochromisniloticus), the occurrence of resistant bacteria, and the sanitary practices adopted by farmers in Ilha Solteira reservoir, Brazil. Nine fish (three small fish, 40–200 g; three medium-sized fish, 200–500 g; and three large fish, 500–800 g) were collected from four cage farms every three months from April 2013 to January 2014. Ten antibiotic residues were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and bacteria were isolated and tested for antibiotic resistance to determine the multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index. Only three antibiotics (oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and florfenicol) were detected in the muscle of Nile tilapia, and their residues were the highest in small fish; however, the MAR index was higher in large fish. In addition, a direct positive relationship between the MAR index and the concentration of antibiotic residues in Nile tilapia was found. Overall, the adoption of prophylactic management practices improved the sanitary status of cage farms, reducing bacterial infections and hampering the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. 相似文献
586.
《Environmental Forensics》2013,14(3-4):303-321
In the last decade, PETROBRAS has experienced some significant oil spills cases and the PETROBRAS Research Center has played an important role in the company emergency response program by characterizing the spilled oil, monitoring the affected ecosystem, determining the fate of the oil in the environment, and, subsequently, helping the company in assessing the environmental damage. This paper presents the use of advanced chemical analytical techniques (GC/FID, P&T/GC/PID and GC/MS) in some Brazilian oil spill studies in order to determine fractions and individual petroleum hydrocarbons in different matrices such as water, groundwater, sediment, sand, fish and the spilled oil itself. The spill studies encompassed crude and fuel oil releases on land and coastal ecosystems, related to the incidents in Guanabara Bay (Rio de Janeiro), Barigui and Iguassu Rivers (Parana) and Sao Sebastiao Channel (Sao Paulo). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH), n -alkanes, isoprenoids, unresolved complex mixtures (UCM), volatile monoaromatic compounds--benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX), parent and alkylated homologues polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and terpanes and steranes were characterized for determining correlation to the spilled oil and other known oil sources and environmental assessment. Some of the acute ecotoxicity data for water and sediment samples is also presented. 相似文献
587.
Heterogeneous reactions of suspended parathion, malathion, and fenthion particles with NO(3) radicals 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) emit into the atmosphere in both gas and particulate phases via spray drift from treatments and post-application emission, but most of their degradations in the atmosphere are not well known. In this study, the heterogeneous reactions of nitrate (NO3) radicals with three typical OPPs (parathion, malathion, and fenthion) absorbed on azelaic acid particles are investigated using an online vacuum ultraviolet photoionization aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (VUV-ATOFMS). The reaction products observed with the VUV-ATOFMS are identified on the basis of GC/MS analysis of the products in the reaction between NO3 radicals and the coating of the pesticide. Paraoxon is identified as the only product of parathion; malaoxon and bis(1,2-bis-ethoxycarbonylethyl)disulfide as the products of malathion; fenoxon, fenoxon sulfoxide, fenthion sulfoxide, fenoxon sulfone, and fenthion sulfone as the products of fenthion. The degradation rates of parathion, malathion, and fenthion under the experimental conditions are 5.5 × 10−3, 5.6 × 10−2, and 3.3 × 10−2 s−1, respectively. The pathways of the heterogeneous reactions between the three OPPs and NO3 radicals are proposed. The experimental results reveal the possible transformations of these OPPs through the oxidation of NO3 radicals in the atmosphere. 相似文献
588.
气袋采样-苏玛罐转移-GC/MS法测定废气中醛类恶臭物质 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
曹爱丽 《环境监测管理与技术》2019,31(2):50-53
采用气袋采样-苏玛罐转移-GC/MS法测定废气中5种醛类恶臭物质,醛类同分异构体能够被完全分离、定性定量。保存时间验证试验表明,5种低浓度醛类在Tedler采样袋和PVDFs采样袋中能稳定存放12 h,高浓度醛类能较稳定地保存24 h,转移至苏玛罐中的样品能够稳定存放至少14 d。方法在4×10~(-10)~2×10~(-8)范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.127μg/m~3~0.207μg/m~3,混合标气6次测定结果的RSD为3.4%~8.8%,加标回收率为103%~114%。 相似文献
589.
Atmospheric pollution and global warming issues are increasingly becoming major environmental concerns. Fire is one of the significant sources of pollutant gases released into the atmosphere; and tropical biomass fires, which are of particular interest in this study, contribute greatly to the global budget of CO and CO2. This pioneer research simulates the natural biomass burning strategy in Malaysia using an experimental burning facility. The investigation was conducted on the emissions (CO2, CO, and Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylenes (BTEX)) from ten tropical biomass species. The selected species represent the major tropical forests that are frequently subjected to dry forest fire incidents. An experimental burning facility equipped with an on-line gas analyzer was employed to determine the burning emissions. The major emission factors were found to vary among the species, and the specific results were as follows. The moisture content of a particular biomass greatly influenced its emission pattern. The smoke analysis results revealed the existence of BTEX, which were sampled from a combustion chamber by enrichment traps aided with a universal gas sampler. The BTEX were determined by organic solvent extraction followed by GC/MS quantification, the results of which suggested that the biomass burning emission factor contributed significant amounts of benzene, toluene, and m,p-xylene. The modified combustion efficiency (MCE) changed in response to changes in the sample moisture content. Therefore, this study concluded that the emission of some pollutants mainly depends on the burning phase and sample moisture content of the biomass. 相似文献
590.
建立了固相萃取一超高效液相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用法同时测定水中痕量的氯霉素残留,该方法采用电喷雾电离源、多重反应监测负离子模式在5min内完成对氯霉素的分析,方法检出限为0.2ng/L,空白样品和实际样品的加标回收率为76.2%~104%,该方法具有操作简便,灵敏度高,重现性好的特点。 相似文献