IP-101自动酸雨分析系统介绍及性能比对

介绍一种新型酸雨自动酸雨分析系统的性能、特点及与实验室比对的情况。仪器所使用的几项关键技术:自动完成酸雨的采集、pH值、电导、阴阳离子的分析、通过网络远程进行数据查取、仪器远程控制,是目前功能最全面的一款酸雨自动酸雨分析系统。     

区域环境空气质量评价体系的探讨

环境质量作为影响经济发展的重要因素,随着经济的发展,受到人们越来越多的关注;而环境质量评价是对环境质量的好坏做出定量的或半定量分析、描绘或鉴定,因此,对环境质量的综合评价极其重要,环境空气质量是环境质量中不可获缺的一部分。为了对环境空气质量状况的了解更直观,且便于区域间进行环境空气质量的横向比较,本文建立了能反映区域环境空气质量水平的评价体系,并提出了评分方法。     

江西赣南数字地震台网JOPENS系统常用地震定位方法比较

利用JOPENS系统提供单纯型法、Hypo2000、HypoSAT等地震定位方法,对赣南台网记录的赣南境内、赣粤闽交界区、中国台湾地震分别进行定位、比较,并分别提出适合赣南台网的地震定位方法.     

粒径和包裹物对纳米银在海洋微藻中的毒性影响

纳米银由于其独特的抗菌特性广泛应用于工商业领域.通过研究3种不同粒径和包裹物的纳米银对典型海洋微藻中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)的毒性效应,进一步丰富纳米银对藻类毒性效应及其作用机制的认识.结果表明3种纳米银对硅藻细胞生长都有不同程度的生长抑制效应,其毒性大小依次为10 nm-OA10 nm-PVP20 nm-PVP.在细胞毒性方面,相同粒径的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)包裹的纳米银比油胺包裹(OA)的纳米银毒性更小;而相同包裹物的10 nm和20 nm两种尺寸的纳米银的毒性效应主要取决于其在水环境中的粒径和浓度,在浓度小于500μg·L~(-1)时,大粒径的纳米银毒性更大;在浓度≥500μg·L~(-1)时,小粒径的纳米银毒性更大.在光合毒性方面,50μg·L~(-1)的10 nm-PVP显著上调3Hfcp A的表达(P0.05)和显著下调D1的表达(P0.05),10 nm-OA在浓度为500μg·L~(-1)显著上调3Hfcp A的表达(P0.05),而20nm-PVP处理组没有显著性变化,说明光合作用相关基因的表达对小粒径PVP包裹的纳米银更敏感.本研究结果表明,纳米银对海洋微藻的毒性是由粒径大小、包裹物类型、暴露介质以及暴露浓度等多方面因素共同决定的.纳米银的粒径越小毒性越大,粒径对纳米银的毒性效应影响很大;而包裹物通过影响纳米银在水介质中的粒径大小间接影响纳米银的毒性效应.     

降水稳定同位素的iAWBM模拟及其与GNIP实测值的比较

利用iAWBM的模拟数据,分析了全球降水中平均δ~(18)O、δ~(18)O季节差、降水量效应和温度效应的空间分布以及全球大气水线(MWL),模拟结果与GNIP监测数据进行了比较.结果表明,iAWBM的模拟很好地再现了全球降水中稳定同位素的纬度效应、大陆效应和高度效应;模拟的δ~(18)O季节差的空间分布与实际分布基本对应,在北半球低纬度地区,δ~(18)O的季节差主要表现为负值,而在高纬度大陆地区主要表现为正值;模拟的δ~(18)O的降水量效应主要出现在中低纬度的海洋和季风区,温度效应主要出现在中高纬度的内陆地区,这与实测结果吻合;模拟的全球MWL为δ~2H=7.93δ~(18)O+10.19,该方程的斜率和截距均与实测结果相近.     

两种空气自动监测系统的比较

国产长光程空气自动监测系统是中国自行研制的更为先进、更具自动化的系统，24h点式仪器是老式空气检测仪器，对这两种新、老仪器的比较可以看出在运行过程中的利弊。     

提升我国城市化水平的重要意义和政策调整

我国的城市化水平落后于工业化水平，已成为制约我国经济与社会发展的重要因素。提升我国城市化水平，从经济上讲，具有如下重要意义：（1）有利于化解有效需求不足矛盾。（2）有利于带动相关产业增长和主人口增加。（3）有利于促进我国产业结构优化，提高经济运行质量。（4）有利于资源的综合利用和耕地保护。（5）有利于缩小城乡差距。提升我国城市化水平是我国新世纪的战略任务，必须进行相关的政策调整与选择。     

Dynamic analysis of a one-prey multi-predator impulsive system with Ivlev-type functional

Considering the Ivlev-type functional response, we develop and analyze a class of one-prey multi-predator system with impulsive effect at different fixed times. Some sufficient conditions ensuring the prey to be extinct are obtained via the Floquent theory and small amplitude perturbation skill. Using the method of comparison involving multiple Laypunov functions, we derive some conditions for the permanence of the system. Numerical simulations of the impulsive system exhibit the rich complex dynamics for the key parameters, such as symmetry-breaking pitchfork bifurcation, periodic doubling bifurcation, chaos, periodic halving cascade and crisis.     

烟气连续排放监测系统（CEMS）比对监测工作探讨

以陕西省18家30万kW以上火电机组自动监测仪器设备、比对监测的结果作为参考依据,指出CEMS比对监测存在缺乏统一管理、监管薄弱、监测方法不同、设备安装位置不规范、参数缺项的问题,并针对问题提出规范设备供应商、严把CEMS验收关、加强监管、贯彻执行国家相关文件及技术规范、强化环境执法等具体建议。     

Selecting suitable sites for animal waste application using a raster GIS

Rapid growth of intensive animal industries in southeast Queensland, Australia, has led to large volumes of animal waste production, which posses serious environmental problems in the Murray Darling Basin (MDB). This study presents a method of selecting sites for the safe application of animal waste as fertiliser to agricultural land. A site suitability map for the Westbrook subcatchment within the MDB was created using a geographic information system (GIS)-based weighted linear combination (WLC) model. The factors affecting the suitability of a site for animal waste application were selected, and digital data sets derived from up to 1:50,000 scale maps were acquired. After initial preprocessing, digital data sets were clipped to the size of the delineated subcatchment boundary producing input factors. These input factors were weighted using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) that employed an objectives-oriented comparison (OOC) technique to formulate the pairwise comparison matrix. The OOC technique, which is capable of deriving factor weight independently, formulated the weight derivation process by making it more logical and systematic. The factor attributes were classified into multiple classes and weighted using the AHP. The effects of the number of input factors and factor weighting on the areal extent and the degree of site suitability were examined. Due to the presence of large nonagricultural and residential areas in the subcatchment, only 16% of the area was found suitable for animal waste application. The areal extent resulting from this site suitability assessment was found to be dependent on the areal constraints imposed on each input factor, while the degree of suitability was principally a function of the weight distribution between the factors.