Of discovery and dread: The importance of work challenges for international business travelers' thriving and global role turnover intentions

As frequent travel across international borders has become common for an ever-increasing number of workers, it is essential to understand what helps these international business travelers (IBTs) thrive and embrace their global work responsibilities. This study's purpose is to examine the role of developmental opportunities (i.e., work role challenges) in helping IBTs see frequent travel as a predominantly beneficial experience. By integrating two theories of motivation—conservation of resources theory and the challenge-hindrance demands framework—I build a moderated mediation model of IBTs' intent to cease their global work responsibilities (i.e., global role turnover intentions). Using latent moderated structural equation modeling, I test the model on a sample of 204 IBTs collected at two time points. Results show that, through the psychological state of thriving at work, travel frequency has a negative indirect association with IBTs' global role turnover intentions when IBTs' work roles are challenging and a positive association when their work lacks challenge. This is primarily the case regarding the challenge of being responsible for others at work. The novelty of IBTs' work tasks is also a salient challenge but to a lesser extent. This study contributes to literatures on global work, work role design, and thriving.     

刍议环境监测在环境保护工作中的作用研究

随着中国社会主义市场经济的进步和发展,人们的环保意识日渐增加,对环境保护工作的要求越来越高。为了提升环境保护工作的质量,必须要大力发展环境的监测技术。因为环境监测是环境保护工作中的重要组成部分,其作用主要是全面、及时、准确的反映当前环境的质量以及环境问题的发展趋势,为人类的环境保护工作提供科学的依据。鉴于环境监测的重要性,中国环保单位必须要高度重视环境监测技术的研究和发展,提高环境监测的效率和质量。     

Ecological role of stomatopods (mantis shrimps) and potential impacts of trawling in a marine ecosystem of the southeast coast of India

Ecosystems are balanced by nature and each component in the system has a role in the sustenance of other components. A change in one component would invariably have an effect on others. Stomatopods (mantis shrimps) are common and ecologically important predatory crustaceans in tropical marine waters. The ecological role of mantis shrimps and potential impacts of trawling in a marine ecosystem were estimated using Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) Version 5.0 software, by constructing a mass balanced Ecopath model of Parangipettai (Porto Novo) ecosystem. Based on fisheries information from the region, 17 ecological groups were defined including stomatopods. Both primary and secondary data on biomass, P/B, Q/B and diet composition were used as basic inputs. The mass balanced model gave a total system throughput of 14,756 t km⁻² year⁻¹. The gross efficiency of 0.000942 indicated higher contribution of lower food chain groups in the fishery though the mean trophic level was 3.08. The immature and developing stage of the ecosystem was indicated by the ratio of total primary production and total respiration (1.832) and the net system production (2643.30 t km⁻² year⁻¹). Key indices (flow to detritus, net efficiency and omnivory index), split mortality rates and mixed trophic impact of different ecological groups were obtained from the model. A flow diagram was constructed to illustrate the trophic interactions, which explained the biomass flows in the ecosystem with reference to stomatopods. Two temporal simulations were made, with 10 year durations in the mass balanced Ecopath model by using ecosim routine incorporated in EwE software. The effect of decrease in biomass of stomatopods in the ecosystem was well defined, in the first run with increase in stomatopod fishing mortality, and the group showed a high positive impact on benthopelagic fish biomass increase (129%). The simulation with increase in trawling efforts resulted in the biomass decline of different ecological groups as elasmobranchs to 1%, stomatopods to 2%, crabs and lobsters to 36%, cephalopods to 63%, mackerel to 78%, and shrimps to 89%. Present study warns stomatopod discards and further increase in trawling efforts in the region and it explained the need for ecosystem based fisheries management practices for the sustainability of marine fisheries.     

当前环境管理体系下环保NGO角色定位及生存环境探讨

环保NGO的明确的角色定位有利于提高其行为效率。对中国环保NGO的行为过程进行研究后指出其应以合作者、监督者、环保决策的参与者和环保理念的宣传者的角色规范自己以提高自己的行为能力。同时从经济、法规政策和国际环境三个方面对其生存环境进行了分析,指出改善其生存环境的重要手段就是不断完善相关的法律法规和政策。     

废水生物脱氮中N_2O和NO_x的产生和作用

废水生物脱氮中N2O和NOx来源于硝化、反硝化、厌氧氨氧化和化学反硝化等过程.电子受体和供体浓度、pH、缓冲剂类型、有机负荷、微生物种类及其相互作用等都会影响这些气态中间产物的产生.NO2能够氧化氨和强化好氧和厌氧氨氧化,NO能够阻止C2H2对好氧氨氧化活性的抑制,两者对好氧氨氧化活性的恢复至关重要.所有这些表明,废水生物脱氮的气态中间产物N2O和NOx在氮的生物转化中具有重要的正面作用,甚至必不可少.基于NO2曝气技术和Brocadiaanammoxidans与Nitrosomonas协同作用的废水生物脱氮新技术开发是今后一段时间的重要研究方向.图4参35     

政府须采取有效政策措施促进环保产业发展

本文提出我国是一个发展中国家,环保产业发展滞后,政府应采取有效措施,在促进环保产业发展中发挥积极作用,提高我国环保产业的国际竞争力,促进环保产业的发展。     

谈安全生产管理人员的作用

通过对《安全生产法》的贯彻实施，结合当前安全生产形势及安全管理人员的现状，粗浅地阐述了安全管理人员在安全生产中的作用。     

刍议护理临床教师理想的角色模式

通过对162名实习护生问卷调查对临床带教老师的评价,14.2%的护生认为带教老师的自身素质有待提高;19.3%的护生评价带教老师在指导护生应用护理程序方面存在不足;13.4%的护生认为临床教师对待护生态度方面很一般,缺乏耐心.从而得出树立理想的带教老师角色模式,有利于融洽师生关系,促进职业情感化,激发护生的主动性,增强自信心,提高教学效果和实习质量.以达到从护生角度探讨护理临床教师的理想角色模式得目的.     

等离子体场内CeO2催化降解甲醇的表面活性氧物种来源与作用研究

利用水热法制备了3种不同形貌(纳米棒、纳米颗粒、纳米立方体)的CeO_2催化剂,并通过比表面积测试(BET)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱分析(Raman)、O_2程序升温脱附(O_2-TPD)手段表征其物理化学性质,结果发现,CeO_2纳米棒的表面氧空位和氧物种最多.等离子体与催化协同降解甲醇性能评价实验结果显示,CeO_2纳米棒展现出最好的催化性能.进一步设计实验(甲醇-TPD、不同气氛常温催化、催化剂内后置比较、O_3催化氧化)推测在等离子体场内CeO_2表面活性氧物种来源及其作用.结果表明:①在等离子体场内参与CeO_2表面催化反应的活性氧物种有两个来源,一是催化剂本身存在的表面氧物种,二是等离子体区域产生的短寿命物种及长寿命物种(主要是O_3),其中,O_3分解产生的活性氧物种是提高催化性能的主要因素.②不同形貌CeO_2由于表面氧空位含量不同,导致O_3在催化剂上分解产生的活性氧物种的量不同,最终影响等离子体催化性能.     

Gaming across scale in peri-urban water management: contribution from two experiences in Bolivia and Brazil

Natural resource governance is by nature multi-level, mobilizing various multi-stakeholder arenas in which a social learning approach may play a role. An approach using simulation tools such as role-playing games was tested in metropolitan areas of two South American cities: (1) in the periphery of Cochabamba, to facilitate conflict resolution stemming from the impact of urbanization on the irrigation infrastructure, and (2) in peri-urban areas of São Paulo, to assist in negotiations on land and water management in a protected catchment. Both interventions were designed to broaden the stakeholders' perspectives and facilitate the exchange of the views of different actors on water and land management using role-playing games. This paper discusses how the scale strategy embedded in the tools and in the mode of participation in fact constrained the possibility of bridging the gap between organisational levels in both situations. This calls for both the crafting of multi-level approaches able to take different levels into account, and finding adequate bridging mechanisms to enhance the integration of learning within organisations and communities.