Variation and Interrelation of Characters in Brunnera sibirica in Natural and Disturbed Habitats

Russian Journal of Ecology -     

河北省山区人口与环境,经济的失衡及协调研究

本文通过对河北山区宏观基础资料和典型资料进行综合分析,认为目前河北山区人口已超出土地对人口的承载力,人口与环境、经济发展正处于一种失衡状态,这正是山区贫困的根源所在。因此,今后十年乃至更长时期内河北山区的总体开发战略要始终坚持“持续发展”的思想,并采取相应的对策措施,尽快使山区人口与环境、经济发展摆脱失衡走向协调。     

Application of ground-based Lidar for studies of the dynamics of ozone in a mountainous basin

A ground-based Differential Absorption Lidar was employed to study the dynamics of atmospheric O3 within the planetary boundary layer of a basin in the 'Fichtelgebirge' mountains, NE Bavaria. In particular, the night-time dynamics of O3 linked to the ground were investigated. The Lidar system measured vertical profiles of O3 up to 1 km above ground. For detailed analysis of the night-time dynamics of ozone, supplementary data from three ground-based stations (measuring mixing ratios of O3 and NO(x), as well as meteorological parameters) are essential. The Lidar results could be evaluated with these data from various altitudes above the basin floor. For the station with the largest (vertical) distance to the ground-based Lidar, the agreement was very good at all times. The Lidar method proved to be useful for examining the spatial distribution of O3. The observed night-time decrease of O3 at the bottom of the basin was due to deposition and to advection of air masses containing less O3 from the mountain slopes.     

基于生态协调性和建设适宜性的山区基本农田布局研究——以福建省永安市为例

在生态文明建设背景下,探索兼顾生态环境保护和耕地资源保护的基本农田布局方法不仅是划定永久基本农田的首要任务,更是构建土地利用开发新格局的主要内容。目前,针对基本农田布局的相关研究仍侧重于耕地的资源属性,忽视了耕地在区域生态系统中产生和存在的合理性问题,导致生态环境问题持续加重。论文借鉴景观生态学等相关理论分析了耕地与区域生态系统之间的相互关系,提出了一种兼顾生态协调性和建设适宜性的基本农田布局方法,并以福建省永安市为例开展了实证研究。结果表明：该布局方法不仅保证了基本农田保护制度保护优质耕地的内在要求,而且突出了耕地与区域生态系统在景观尺度上的相互影响,促进了山区耕地利用与生态环境的协调发展,同时可为今后基本农田的科学划定提供参考。     

Evaluating forest management practices using a GIS-based cellular automata modeling approach with multispectral imagery

The objective of this study was to develop an integrated geographic information system (GIS) cellular automata (CA) model for simulating insect-induced tree mortality patterns in order to evaluate the influence of different forest management activities to control insect outbreaks. High-resolution multispectral images were used to determine susceptibility of trees to attack, whereas the GIS-based CA model simulated the effectiveness of clear-cuts and thinning practices for reducing insect-induced tree mortality. The results indicate that thinning susceptible forests should be more effective than clear-cutting for reducing tree loss to insect outbreaks. This study demonstrates the benefits of an integrated approach for understanding and evaluating forest management activities and expresses the need for spatial analysis and modeling for improving forest management practices.     

螺丝壳山风景区保健旅游的环境与气候

螺丝壳山风景区风光秀美，其空气和水环境质量良好，低日照、低太阳辐射、湿润、低风速等气候有利于保健美容；并随着全球环境污染、气候变化而越来越体现其价值。     

黑龙江省山地洪水灾害特点及对策建议

整理分析了黑龙江省山洪灾害的空间分布和其它特点，讨论了造成山洪的成灾因素。分析结果表明，气象(暴雨)是控制黑龙江省山洪灾害的主要自然因素。在此基础上，得出了黑龙江省山洪危险度分布图。指出在高纬度和林区，由于冻土层融化慢和过度采伐，可能加快山洪的形成。最后提出了预防山洪灾害的对策建议。     

山区城镇泥石流减灾决策支持系统

山区城镇泥石流减灾决策支持系统是山区城镇泥石流减灾的重要手段之一。该系统由基础数据库、泥石流模型分析和泥石流减灾决策应用三大模块构成 ,其主要功能有降水、泥石流地声和运动监测及信息实时发送和接收、泥石流预报、泥石流危险范围预测与灾情预估、泥石流警报和临灾预案制定。其工作流程为 :降水监测仪将降水信息无线发送到控制中心主机 ,主机对降水信息处理后发送给泥石流预报模型进行泥石流预报 ,并利用泥石流危险性分区模型进行危险范围预测 ,同时进行灾情预估 ;泥石流地声监测仪将地声信号发送给主机 ,主机检测到泥石流地声后发出泥石流警报 ;泥石流运动监测仪将运动信息发送给主机 ,主机根据泥石流运动要素进行危险范围划定和灾情预估 ,最后制定临灾预案。     

浙江山水旅游资源特征及其利用

浙江山水旅游资源美感特征突出,水体旅游资源是浙江山水创造特色旅游产品的基础,山、水结合完美是浙江山水旅游资源构成的又一个特色,文化景观提高了浙江山水旅游资源内涵。浙江旅游开发和利用应以独特的山水旅游资源为基础,科学保护和利用山水旅游资源,遵循人造景观与山水景观相契合原则,努力创造文化旅游特色,完善区域旅游整体形象,重视旅游意境和引景空间设计。     

山东省石灰岩山地的适生树种资源

本文简述了山东省石灰石岩山地的概况，列出了山东省石灰岩山地的适生树种名录，编制了分类检索表，提出了加速瘠薄山地绿化的建议和措施。