2种海水轮虫对UV-B辐射敏感性的比较

运用生态毒理学方法研究了褶皱臂尾轮虫(Brachionus plicatilis)和壶状臂尾轮虫(B.urceolaris)对UV-B辐射的敏感性。结果表明:UV-B辐射对轮虫有较大的伤害作用,且当辐射强度达一定阈值会对其产生急性致死作用。UV-B辐射对褶皱臂尾轮虫24、48和96 h的半致死剂量分别为4.393、2.694和1.720 kJ/m2,对壶状臂尾轮虫24、48和96 h的半致死剂量分别为5.856、4.516和1.730 kJ/m2;而UV-B辐射对2种轮虫的急性致死强度阈值均为(50±10)μW/cm2。由此可以看出,在实验所用的UV-B辐射强度剂量范围内,褶皱臂尾轮虫在UV-B辐射处理后的24和48 h对UV-B辐射的敏感性要大于壶状臂尾轮虫,而在处理后的96 h,2种轮虫对UV-B辐射的敏感性则无显著差别。     

煤岩变形破裂的电磁辐射规律及其应用研究

对受载煤体变形破裂电磁辐射规律进行了研究及分析 ,并对煤岩电磁辐射技术应用于预测预报煤与瓦斯突出进行了试验研究。研究结果表明 ,电磁辐射与煤岩体的载荷、加载速率及变形破裂过程呈正相关。煤岩电磁辐射技术在预测预报煤与瓦斯突出等方面有着非常广阔的应用前景。     

微波辐照麦秸制造活性炭

研究了微波辐照经氯化锌浸渍的麦秸制造活性炭。实验结果表明,经微波辐照８ｍｉｎ,所得到活性炭的亚甲蓝脱色力为１７０ｍＬ／ｇ,为国家标准一级品（ＬＹ２１６－７９）的１．４２倍,时间仅为传统方法的１／４５。     

移动基站近距离区域电磁辐射污染分布特征

针对居住在城市移动基站附近的居民日益关注的电磁辐射污染问题,通过移动基站近距离区域电磁场分布连续24h监测与分析,研究正常工作日内基站周围近距离区域电磁场功率密度随时间和距离的变化,以及功率密度的概率分布,并根据24h各时段内的话务量,使用统计分析(SAS)系统对此影响因素进行相关性分析.结果显示,一天内移动基站天线附近电磁辐射随时间呈现明显的波动,其功率密度的概率分布接近正态分布,手机的话务量与电磁场强度具有一定的相关性.在近距离区域,功率密度随距离增加,在一定距离上出现峰值,峰值出现的距离与天线高度有关.对我国一般的城市基站,环境电磁辐射低于标准限值.     

Radiation Crosslinking of Poly(Butylene Succinate) in the Presence of Inorganic Material and Its Biodegradability

Three kinds of poly(butylene succinate)s (PBS) with different molecular weight were irradiated with electron beams in the presence of inorganic material. Fourteen kinds of inorganic materials were used in this work. The presence of inorganic material inside cross-linked PBS samples enhances the yield of gel formation. The heat stabilities of PBS samples were checked; it was found that silicon dioxide and carbon black significantly improve these properties. Enzymatic and soil burial tests were performed; the presence of these inorganic materials in cross-linked PBS accelerates the rate of biodegradation.     

Effects of lanthanum（Ⅲ） on nitrogen metabolism of soybean seedlings under elevated UV-B radiation

The hydroponic culture experiments of soybean bean seedlings were conducted to investigate the effect of lanthanum(La)on nitrogen metabolism under two different levels of elevated UV-B radiation(UV-B,280-320 nm).The whole process of nitrogen metabolism involves uptake and transport of nitrate,nitrate assimilation,ammonium assimilation,amino acid biosynthesis,and protein synthesis. Compared with the control,UV-B radiation with the intensity of low level 0.15 W/m~2 and high level 0.45 W/m~2 significantly affected the whole nitrogen metabolism in soybean seedlings(p<0.05).It restricted uptake and transport of NO_3~-,inhibited activity of some key nitrogen-metabolism-related enzymes,such as:nitrate reductase(NR)to the nitrate reduction,glutamine systhetase(GS)and glutamine synthase(GOGAT)to the ammonia assimilation,while it increased the content of free amino acids and decreased that of soluble protein as well.The damage effect of high level of UV-B radiation on nitrogen metabolism was greater than that of low level. And UV-B radiation promoted the activity of the anti-adversity enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase(GDH),which reduced the toxicity of excess ammonia in plant.After pretreatment with the optimum concentration of La(20 mg/L),La could increase the activity of NR, GS,GOGAT,and GDH,and ammonia assimilation,but decrease nitrate and ammonia accumulation.In conclusion,La could relieve the damage effect of UV-B radiation on plant by regulating nitrogen metabolism process,and its alleviating effect under low level was better than that under the high one.     

手机基站电磁辐射问题释疑

本文就社会普遍关心的手机基站电磁辐射对人体健康的影响问题,从基站电磁辐射属性,强度,对人体健康的影响等,作了较为详细的论述。     

环境辐射有关问题的讨论

本文论述了与环境辐射有关的问题。根据其剂量当量和危险水平,讨论了公众剂量限值的实践性     

微波消解法测定水样中总氮

提出了用微波法对水和废水样品进行消解，测定总氮含量的实验方法．经过对实际样品的测定，证明与原有测定方法具有可比性，并具有操作简单、快速省时、测定准确的特点。     

interactions amongst policies designed to resolve individual air issues

Six air issues are currently on science and policy agendas in Canadaand elsewhere. These are climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion(increased UV-B radiation), acidic deposition, SMOG (increasedground-level ozone), suspended particulate matter, and hazardous airpollutants. Atmospheric scientists and decision makers have largelyaddressed these issues individually resulting in single-issue policies. However, it is now recognized that these issues are inter-related, andthey may interact to cause negative as well as some beneficial effects,not only on the state of the atmosphere but also on societal andecological systems. This paper illustrates through several examples theatmospheric dysfunction caused by the linkages among the six airissues. It also points to potentially conflicting policies arising from thesingle-issue approach, and it emphasizes the need for better integrationof air issues. The linkages are summarized qualitatively in Table I.