一起环境噪声污染纠纷案的仲裁监测

环境噪声污染纠纷仲裁监测 ,既要选择噪声源界外测点 ,又要选择其相邻方区域内测点 ,并按标准规定对测量值进行背景值修正。提出环境噪声污染应以所产生的环境噪声排放是否超过其所在区域环境噪声标准来判别。     

Mapping nitrate leaching to upper groundwater in the sandy regions of The Netherlands, using conceptual knowledge

The European Community asks its Member States to provide a comprehensive and coherent overview of their groundwater chemical status. It is stated that simple conceptual models are necessary to allow assessments of the risks of failing to meet quality objectives. In The Netherlands two monitoring networks (one for agriculture and one for nature) are operational, providing results which can be used for an overview. Two regression models, based upon simple conceptual models, link measured nitrate concentrations to data from remote sensing images of land use, national forest inventory, national cattle inventory, fertiliser use statistics, atmospheric N deposition, soil maps and weather monitoring. The models are used to draw a nitrate leaching map and to estimate the size of the area exceeding the EU limit value in the early 1990s. The 95% confidence interval for the fraction nature and agricultural areas where the EU limit value for nitrate (50 mg/l) was exceeded amounted to 0.77–0.85 while the lower 97.5% confidence limit for the fraction agricultural area where the EU limit value was exceeded amounted to 0.94. Although the two conceptual models can be regarded as simple, the use of the models to give an overview was experienced as complex.     

Monitoring pollution in River Mureş, Romania, part II: metal accumulation and histopathology in fish

As a part of an exposure and effect monitoring conducted along the river Mureş, Western Romania in 2004, the health status of two indigenous fish species, sneep (Chondrostoma nasus) and European chub (Leuciscus cephalus) was investigated upstream and downstream the city of Arad. In fish, histopathology was assessed in liver and gills, and heavy metals (cadmium, copper, lead and zinc) were analyzed in liver samples. In both fish species, histopathological reactions in the gills (epithelial lifting, focal proliferation of epithelial cells of primary and secondary lamellae and resulting fusion of secondary lamellae, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of mucous cells, focal inflammation and necrosis of epithelial cells) were most severe at the two sampling sites upstream Arad city, which were shown to be polluted by copper, cadmium, faecal coliforms and streptococci in a parallel study. At these two sites, also histopathology in the liver of L. cephalus was more prominent than at the two downstream sites. In C. nasus, symptoms in the liver (focal inflammation with lymphocytic infiltrations, macrophage aggregates and single cell necrosis) were also highly pronounced at the sampling site located directly downstream the municipal sewage treatment plant of Arad. With the exception of copper accumulation in L. cephalus caught at the most upstream sampling site, in both fish species cadmium and copper accumulation were exceptionally high and did not differ significantly between the four sampling sites.     

Geo-morphological changes of the Wanpingkou tidal system arising from the building of a sailing boat station in Rizhao of China

This paper examines a small tidal system in Wanpingkou, Rizhao of China. The tidal system was originally maintained by a balance of the natural interaction between tidal currents and waves. But this tidal system was diminishing by reclamation processes since the 1980s, especially in 2003 when a sailing boat station was built in the study area. To investigate the stability and development mechanism of the tidal system, its feasibility was evaluated before the sailing boat station was built. The erosion and deposition in and out of the tidal system was analyzed, forecasted and compared with the data from field monitoring. The results show that the tidal system would remain relatively stable, although its adjacent shoreline might change somewhat after the newly built sailing boat station. This change would also affect the coastal water and wetland environment in the study area. Further field monitoring in the area is still necessary.     

Macrofaunal recovery following TBT ban

In the United Kingdom, the use of TBT-based anti-fouling paints on small vessels was banned in 1987, and a biological study of the Crouch Estuary, a yachting centre on the south-eastern coast of the UK, was conducted in order to determine the ecological improvements resulting from this legislation. We present the changes in the macro-infaunal communities along the estuary in relation to declining TBT concentrations between 1987 and 2005. Although the major changes in response to the ban were observed within the first 3 years (primarily an increase in the number of crustacean taxa and a shift in community structure), with changes still apparent between three and 5 years, the temporal duration of this study allowed the rapidity of the response to be truly determined.     

水环境中藻毒素污染监测与评价

水质富营养化污染的频繁发生,使藻毒素污染成为突出的环境问题,对人类身体健康产生严重的威胁.文章介绍了目前常见的藻毒素的产生及其对人体健康的危害,提出应根据不同的监测对象,在不同的时期采用不同的监测方法,对藻毒素污染进行有效的监测和评价,对其污染的发生和危害进行有效监控.     

羽绒工业建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测实例

以某水洗羽毛绒企业为例,从监测依据、评价标准、污染源与防治措施、监测内容、监测结果评价等方面,对羽绒工业建设项目竣工环境保护验收监测作实例分析。针对监测过程中需要关注的如单位产品基准排水量、无规律间歇性排水的污染物总量核算,以及恶臭气体无组织排放监测布点等问题,提出了解决方案。     

油田产能建设项目环保验收监测方案布点探讨

根据油田建设工程的特点,结合区域环境特征和工程影响环境的途径,对环保验收工作中污染源监测和环境质量监测的布点方法进行探讨。以长庆油田某产能建设项目为例,分析其项目运营期污染源,并给出相应监测布点方案。     

地表水中敌百虫测定技术难点探讨

地表水中敌百虫的测定,在样品采集保存、前处理及仪器分析各阶段都存在一定的技术难点。实际分析时很容易出现测定结果不理想,甚至是定性定量错误等诸多问题。对敌百虫分析中可能出现的问题及解决途径进行了综述,为地表水中敌百虫的准确测定提供重要的参考依据。     

固定源废气监测仪器使用中常见问题及排除

针对固定源废气监测过程中出现的关于监测仪器使用方面(包括传感器、内置泵及日常的校准),监测参数(包括动压、过量空气系数),采样位置不符合要求、烟道面积过大,运行负荷如何确定等常见问题进行了分析、探讨与总结,并提出了相应的改进方法和建议。