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水域悬浮固体含量的遥感定量研究 总被引:38,自引:0,他引:38
该文提出了反射率与悬浮固体含量之间的理论关系式——负指数关系式,并确定了其与经验公式的关系。理论分析和实际应用的结果表明,该式精度高于原有公式的精度,是目前遥感水中悬浮固体含量的最佳公式。将该式应用于杭州湾水域悬浮固体含量调查中取得了成功。 相似文献
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The use of Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data acquired with multiple satellite sensors has become a necessity in research fields such as agriculture, Land-Use and Land-Cover Change (LUCC) and changes in the natural environment. In this paper, vegetation 10-day composite (VGT-S10) NDVI data with a 1 km×1 km resolution, covering the period from April 1982 to December 2011 and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) NDVI data with a 8 km×8 km resolution, covering the period from April 1998 to December 2006 were used. The VGT NDVI covering the period from 2007 to 2011 was converted to the GIMMS NDVI for the same period. The vegetation trend during 1982 to 2011 was calculated using the extended NDVI data set.
Climate change has a large impact on the vegetation dynamics. A series of statistical analyses were employed to demonstrate the relationship between NDVI and meteorological data during 1982 to 2005. A multiple correlation analysis was applied to validate the association between the two climatic factors and monthly maximum NDVI (MNDVI). The partial correlation coefficient of MNDVI and each climate factor were calculated respectively to describe the singular influence of each meteorological variable. The results indicated that temperature made a significant positive influence on vegetation growth in the whole Loess Plateau. Precipitation is the most important climatic factor that closely correlates with MNDVI, particularly in arid and semi-arid environments. However, in some wet regions, precipitation is not a limiting factor on vegetation growth. 相似文献
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Plumes of atmospheric aerosol have been studied using a rangeof satellite and ground-based techniques. The Sea-viewing WideField-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) has been used to observe plumesof sulphate aerosol and Saharan dust around the coast of theUnited Kingdom. Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) was retrievedfrom SeaWiFS for two events; a plume of Saharan dusttransported over the United Kingdom from Western Africa and aperiod of elevated sulphate experienced over the Easternregion of the UK. Patterns of AOT are discussed and related tothe synoptic and mesoscale weather conditions. Furtherobservation of the sulphate aerosol event was undertaken usingthe Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer instrument(AVHRR). Atmospheric back trajectories and weather conditionswere studied in order to identify the meteorologicalconditions which led to this event. Co-located ground-basedmeasurements of PM10 and PM2.5 were obtained for 4sites within the UK and PM2.5/10 ratios were calculatedin order to identify any unusually high or low ratios(indicating the dominant size fraction within the plume)during either of these events. Calculated percentiles ofPM2.5/10 ratios during the 2 events examined show thatthese events were notable within the record, but were in noway unique or unusual in the context of a 3 yr monitoringrecord. Visibility measurements for both episodes have beenexamined and show that visibility degradation occurred duringboth the sulphate aerosol and Saharan dust episodes. 相似文献
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基于AVHRR的成都平原城市热岛效应演变趋势分析 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
作为城市气候主要特征之一的热岛效应有日渐明显的趋势,给城市发展和市民生活带来一系列负面影响。对2000~2006年春季下午NOAA气象卫星遥感数据的处理和分析发现,随着城市的扩张,成都平原城市热岛效应的规模呈扩大趋势。成都市区热岛强度一般为5℃-7℃,局部地方极值可达8℃以上;市中心区热岛强度相对减弱,东部工业区热岛高温区面积逐渐缩小,市区西南部热岛明显发展,致使2003年起热岛次高温区在二、三环路附近大致呈环状分布。热岛演变与近几年城市建设和改造活动密切相关。研究成果为政府相关部门缓解热岛效应、改善人居环境提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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This article discusses some of the demonstrated and potential uses of data from satellites with large fields of view and high frequency of coverage, such as NOAA AVHRR data and Nimbus-7 CZCS data. The use of such data is discussed for three types of applications: (a) stratification, (b) change detection, and (c) area estimation. It is concluded that such data have considerable promise as an aid to a variety of large-area inventory and monitoring tasks. 相似文献
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基于知识的AVHRR影像的水体自动识别方法与模型研究 总被引:34,自引:4,他引:34
根据水体光谱特性,通过分析水体在NOAA气象卫星的AVHRR影像上的表象特征及与其它相关环境因子在光谱信息上的差异,认为水体在AVHRR影像上具有光谱可分辨性,从而提出了基于水体光谱知识的水体自动提取识别的水体描述模型,并将该模型应用于太湖、淮河、渤海等地区,取得较好的效果。该模型方法同样可扩展应用于其它传感器获得的影像数据,从而实现遥感信息提取的自动化与智能化 相似文献
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AVHRR草地分类的潜力和局限:以锡林郭勒草原为例 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
AVHRR-NDVI已广泛应用于宏观土地覆盖研究,但在区域研究中应用比较少。论文根据1999年锡林郭勒草原4种草地NDVI的动态过程,结合对应AVHRR提供的额外信息,对4种草地进行了分类。首先,根据全年NDVI低平的特点检测出荒漠;第二,使用6月Ch3>3180和Ch5>3100区分出沙地草地;第三,使用8月Ch2>200或6~8月NDVI6~8月>1.2检测出长势良好的草甸。与基于TM的草地图比较,AVHRR的分类结果失去了许多细节,但对土地覆盖长期变化研究仍有价值,特别是对沙漠化过程的监测。需要进一步的研究才能确定AVHRR在区分长势差的草甸和典型草原方面的潜力或局限。 相似文献
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研究采矿扰动区长时序、多维度NDVI变化趋势,有助于认识非自然生态区植被演替规律,对高强度开采条件下西北脆弱生态区地表植被自然修复和人工修复工作具有指导意义.研究通过设立直接影响区、间接影响区和自然生态校验区,利用长时序GIMMS AVHRR/NDVI(1981~2006)植被指数数据集,结合同期温度、降水和煤炭产量信息,从时间、空间、气候和开采强度方面开展对比分析,并以长时序MODIS NPP/NDVI(2000~2010)数据进行结果验证.时序分析表明,全球变化背景下,神东矿区植被生长季二度延长;空间分析表明,神东矿区NDVI增量低于缓冲区,缓冲区NDVI增量低于自然生态区;开采强度分析表明,随着神东矿区开采强度增强,NDVI增速放缓,增长速率低于自然生态区;气候变化分析表明,神东矿区NDVI受温度升高、降水减少共同作用,与温度相关性较高,与降水相关性较低;同期MODIS NPP/NDVI验证结果表现出与AVHRR/NDVI一致的规律性. 相似文献