Gaps in provincial decision-maker’s perception and knowledge of climate change adaptation in China

The perspectives and knowledge of decision makers, especially those at the provincial level, have great impact on the progress of climate change adaptation in China. Therefore, identifying knowledge gaps and enhancing climate adaptation awareness of decision makers at that level is very important. Based on this aim, we conducted a survey of climate change adaptation awareness among 85 administrative and management personnel from governmental departments responsible for climate change adaptation planning in five provinces. Study findings revealed that over half of respondents have knowledge of climate change adaptation measures, but the extent of understanding varied across different adaptation aspects and regions. Among the different aspects, understanding of measures related to human health protection was the lowest. A large majority of respondents indicated an eagerness to obtain knowledge and information about climate change adaptation, but the main barrier is a lack of training and learning material. When making adaptation plans or policies, the greatest obstacle expressed was a funding shortage. Information generated from this study can provide direction and guidance for training and educating provincial decision makers in order to improve the levels of adaptation planning and policy making.     

辐射化学剂量计在强脉冲混合辐射场测定中的应用

本文讨论了将硫酸亚铁剂量计和铜－铁剂量计用于强脉冲混合辐射场测定的实验设计,利用直径２２０毫米的聚乙烯球,将硫酸亚铁剂量计的快中子响应降低到２０％以下,由它和完全暴露在中子、γ混合场中的硫酸亚铁剂量计响应之差,测量中子吸收剂量。这种方法两次实际用于强脉冲混合辐射场中子、γ吸收剂量测量,得到的结果和热释光剂量计、固体径迹探测器的测量结果进行了比较,在±２５％的误差范围内一致     

Method for determining minimum pool requirements to maintain and enhance salmonid fisheries in small Wyoming reservoirs

Methods for determination of minimum pool levels in reservoirs that consider sport fishery values are being sought by managers. We developed a technique for assessing the effects of incremental changes in minimum pool levels on potential salmonid abundance in small (<100 surface hectares at full pool) reservoirs in Wyoming managed for irrigation and municipal water supplies. The method has two components. One component is used to determine the minimum pool level needed to eliminate the risk of overwinter loss of salmonids due to low dissolved oxygen concentrations. The other component predicts the potential biomass of salmonids in reservoirs as a function of water depth and total dissolved solids concentration of the reservoir water. Application of the method is demonstrated for two reservoirs in Wyoming. The unit is jointly supported by the University of Wyoming, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service.     

浅谈新形势下强化基层环保执法的对策

基层环境行政执法存在较为严重的有法不依、执法不严、违法不纠、以权代法等现象.通过突出环境执法宣传、提高执法能力、加强强制执行权和部门协调等方面,提出了新形势下强化基层环保执法工作的对策.     

试论东汉以后黄河下游长期安流之原因

认为东汉王景治河后500多年黄河下游决溢次数、规模均逊于西汉时期及唐以后各代,主河道变迁亦少,可谓相对安流。其原因在于王景能根据河流规律,因势利导,扩大了黄河行洪能力,巩固了河堤,河道较为顺直;在王景之后,政府的治河机构进一步加强,巩固河堤的工作得以继续进行;相对西汉时期,这一时期气候寒冷,黄河年径流量大为减少,消弱了致灾因子;黄河中游地区植被得到一定程度的恢复。     

巢湖14~#井水位微动态异常研究

应用微动态异常频次、Ｍ２波振幅比等方法,对巢湖１４＃井水位１９８７～１９９７年进行了全过程的分析研究。研究结果表明：在华东几次中强震前,该井水位的微动态异常频次在地震前３～４个月有明显增高的异常显示,而水位Ｍ２波振幅比在地震前也存在３～４个月的下降异常。由此可以认为该井有可能成为华东及东部沿海５级以上地震的灵敏井点之一,而且在地震的短期预测方面可能会提供有益的异常信息。     

皖07井水位与地震关系初探

从分析皖０７井水位的映震能力入手,探讨地下水与地震的关系。文中着重对１９９６年１１月９日南黄海６１级等４次中强地震前该井水位的异常特征进行分析,并对该井水位映震的机理提出一些粗浅的看法。     

白炭黑生产中干燥系统的噪声控制

对ＲＨＯＮＥ－ＰＯＵＬＥＮＣ白炭黑公司的干燥系统进行了噪声综合治理。主要措施有：大型引风机隔声罩、引风机排气筒消声塔,加热炉和鼓风机隔声机房,雾化加速器活动隔声罩,管道隔声包扎等。治理后厂界噪声由７４ｄＢ（Ａ）降至４５ｄＢ（Ａ）。     

海平面上升对海岸带环境的影响与危害及其防治对策

本文阐述了过去近百年来和未来特定年份海平面上升的趋势，分析了海平面上升的原因及其对海岸带环境的影响与危害，最后提出了防治对策与措施。     

洪水的等级划分及其减灾意义

根据地震,风力等级的数学结构,提出一种洪水等级划分公式;对用等级表示洪水大小的减灾意义作了初步分析。