循环流化床锅炉烟气脱硫除尘技术改造

对承德市热电厂CG35／3．82－MX型循环流化术锅炉的脱硫除尘系统进行了改造,解决了原水膜除尘器效率低,烟法排放严重超标的问题,取得了良好的环境效益,社会效益和经济效益。     

SO2、NO2、O3及其复合物对水稻体内乙烯释放的影响

乙烯是植物体内的一种内源激素,当植物受到环境污染时,体内乙烯的释放量将发生变化。本文主要报道了水稻受ＳＯ２,ＮＯ２,Ｏ３单一及其复合物熏气对体内乙烯释放的影响。结果表明,水稻受ＳＯ２,ＮＯ２,Ｏ３９单一及其复合物熏气后,体内乙烯释放量增加,在一定条件下反应出环境污染的程度,当Ｏ３浓度不变时,水稻体内乙烯释放量与ＳＯ２,ＮＯ２熏气浓度成正比,其中,Ｏ３＋ＳＯ２对水稻体内乙烯释放量的影响程度大于Ｏ３＋     

石灰凝胶阻化剂防灭火技术在高硫矿的应用研究

在分析现有凝胶阻化剂防灭火机理的基础上 ,笔者针对我国高硫煤矿采空区发火特点 ,研制出石灰凝胶阻化剂的配方 ,并对其防灭火机理进行了详细探讨 ,确定了喷洒该种阻化剂的工艺过程及其应注意的问题。根据现场试验的测定数据表明 ,石灰凝胶阻化剂对高硫煤矿的防灭火效果好     

A multi-process phytoremediation system for removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from contaminated soils

To improve phytoremediation processes, multiple techniques that comprise different aspects of contaminant removal from soils have been combined. Using creosote as a test contaminant, a multi-process phytoremediation system composed of physical (volatilization), photochemical (photooxidation) and microbial remediation, and phytoremediation (plant-assisted remediation) processes was developed. The techniques applied to realize these processes were land-farming (aeration and light exposure), introduction of contaminant degrading bacteria, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), and plant growth of contaminant-tolerant tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). Over a 4-month period, the average efficiency of removal of 16 priority PAHs by the multi-process remediation system was twice that of land-farming, 50% more than bioremediation alone, and 45% more than phytoremediation by itself. Importantly, the multi-process system was capable of removing most of the highly hydrophobic, soil-bound PAHs from soil. The key elements for successful phytoremediation were the use of plant species that have the ability to proliferate in the presence of high levels of contaminants and strains of PGPR that increase plant tolerance to contaminants and accelerate plant growth in heavily contaminated soils. The synergistic use of these approaches resulted in rapid and massive biomass accumulation of plant tissue in contaminated soil, putatively providing more active metabolic processes, leading to more rapid and more complete removal of PAHs.     

硫氧同位素解析典型岩溶地下河流域硫酸盐季节变化特征和来源

全球约1/4的饮用水源为岩溶水,但岩溶含水层极易遭受人类活动污染.以八步地下河为例,利用硫酸盐（SO₄^2-）浓度、硫氧同位素（δ³⁴S-SO₄和δ¹⁸O-SO₄）和水中氧同位素（δ¹⁸O-H₂O）研究岩溶小流域SO₄^2-的丰、枯水期两个季节变化特征和来源.结果表明：①受酸性矿坑水（acid mine drainage,AMD）直接影响的采样点SO₄^2-浓度较高（≥250 mg·L^-1）,枯水期>丰水期,其他采样点浓度季节变化相对较弱且浓度低.②地表水丰水期δ³⁴S-SO₄与δ¹⁸O-SO₄平均值分别为-10.5‰和4.7‰,枯水期为-11.5‰和1.3‰;地下水丰水期δ³⁴S-SO₄与δ¹⁸O-SO₄平均值分别为-2.9‰和7.1‰,枯水期为-3.2‰和6.2‰.地表水和地下水中δ³⁴S-SO₄与δ¹⁸O-SO₄值都存在丰水期偏重、枯水期偏轻的特征.③丰、枯水期流域内地表水和地下水中各采样点δ³⁴S-SO₄值变化不明显,表明在特定的采样点SO₄^2-的来源相对稳定.④地表水和地下水中SO₄^2-主要来源于雨水、硫化物和石膏,地下河出口各来源丰水期所占的比例分别为13%、40%和47%,枯水期为18%、39%和43%.     

利用赤泥和造纸黑液研制散煤固硫助燃剂

根据钙系固硫剂固硫原理 ,将高CaO含量赤泥加入散煤中燃烧 ,发现其能够起到固硫的效果。但是赤泥的加入影响原煤的发热量 ,因此利用高有机质含量的造纸黑液来弥补其发热量的损失 ,从而研制成功了固硫助燃剂。试验结果表明 :固硫助燃剂能够起到对燃煤固硫助燃的效果 ,具有良好的应用前景     

华南地区酸沉降的硫同位素组成及其环境意义

为探讨华南珠江三角洲和湘桂走廊及其周边地区的酸沉降硫源,分别对大气降水、大气SO₂、气溶胶和工业用煤、重油及其燃烧产物进行了硫同位素组成测定.研究结果表明,珠江三角洲和湘桂走廊地区的大气降水硫同位素组成有明显的差异,其大气降水δ³⁴S值的变化范围分别为1.9‰～10.3‰和-4.8‰～-0.1‰.湘桂走廊地区大气降水明显的富集轻硫同位素(32S),而珠江三角洲地区则富集重硫同位素(34S).在煤、重油燃烧过程中硫同位素分馏效应研究基础上,将该地区酸雨硫源区分为4种类型,即人为成因硫、天然生物硫、海雾硫和远距离传输硫.在定量计算不同硫源对酸雨贡献的基础上.提出人为成因硫是珠江三角洲和湘桂走廊地区最强的污染硫源,而生物硫在夏季贡献突出,其贡献率分别为47%和52%.传输硫在冬季贡献率可达49%.上述结果,对研究治理华南地区的酸雨具有重要意义.     

WK－1A型二氧化硫自动测定仪测定烟气中SO_2的方法研究

本文研究了仪器电导法测定烟气中ＳＯ２的监测方法,并与碘量法进行了比较,提出了吸收液测定的影响及吸收液的配制方法。本方法简单快速,能够满足烟气中ＳＯ２监测工作的要求。     

Exchange of sulfur pollution between Bulgaria and Greece

The EMAP model (Eulerian Model for Air Pollution) is applied for calculating the sulfur concentration and deposition fields for 1995 as based upon Bulgarian and Greek sources. The country-to-country budgets show that about 4% of the sulfur oxides emitted by Bulgaria are deposited over Greek territory, estimated at 28 kt S. Only 2% of sulfur compounds emitted by Greece are deposited over Bulgaria, estimated at 6.2 kt S for 1995. This data is in agreement with EMEP/MSC-W estimates and provides more details concerning time and space. The results can be used in decision-making, negotiating and the development of contamination strategies.     

惠州绿化乔木叶片及其叶面降尘对大气SO2污染的生物监测

采用常规采样及碱片挂片法同步监测广东省惠州市大气SO2体积分数,用ICP-AES测定了惠州市不同功能区的2种主要绿化树种大叶榕(Ficus virens Ait var.sublanceolata(Miq.) Corner)、紫荆(Bauhinia blakeana)叶片及其叶面降尘的硫质量分数。结果表明,不同功能区植物叶片和降尘的硫质量分数差异显著,其综合污染指数(PI)以商业交通区、工业区、居住区、清洁区的趋势递减。叶片中硫的质量分数随春、夏、秋季而增长,季节差异显著。植物叶片、降尘中硫质量分数随交通流量的减少而降低。叶片和叶面降尘中硫的质量分数与大气硫酸盐化速率三者显著相关,大叶榕和紫荆与降尘协同生物监测大气SO2的二元数学模型的相关系数分别为R=0.995和R=0.990,明显优于植物与硫酸盐化速率监测SO2的常规一元数学模型。表明大叶榕、紫荆叶片及其叶面降尘均可作为城市区域大气SO2污染的有效指示剂,叶片的长期效益和季节效益显著,降尘则短期效益显著;两者协同监测,可靠性和灵敏度更高,应用前景广阔,可为地方和区域环境监测和评价提供参考。