Two case studies of sulfate scavenging processes in the Amazon region (Rondônia)

The scavenging processes of chemical species have been previously studied with numerical modeling, in order to understand the gas and particulate matter intra-reservoir transferences. In this study, the atmospheric (RAMS) and scavenging (B.V.2) models were used, in order to simulate sulfate concentrations in rainwater using scavenging processes as well as the local atmospheric conditions obtained within the LBA Project in the State of Rondonia, during a dry-to-wet transition season. Two case studies were conducted. The RAMS atmospheric simulation of these events presented satisfactory results, showing the detailed microphysical processes of clouds in the Amazonian region. On the other hand, with cloud entrainments, observed values have been overestimated. Modeled sulfate rainwater concentration, using exponential decay and cloud heights of 16 km and no entrainments, presented the best results, reaching 97% of the observed value. The results, using shape parameter 5, are the best, improving the overall result.     

The Lyon-Turin High-Speed Rail: The Public Debate and Perception of Environmental Risk in Susa Valley,Italy

When the construction of the Lyon-Turin segment of the new European high-speed rail network was first publicly announced at the beginning of the 1990s, it immediately found fierce opposition from the inhabitants of Susa Valley, Italy, one of the areas to be cut across by such infrastructure. At issue were the project’s potential environmental impact and its consequences on public health. This study intends to clarify environmental risk perception and public debate between the national government, local advocacy groups, and the inhabitants of Susa Valley. Two major phases of public reaction were identified: (1) an initial rebellious period of no real dialog among the project’s major stakeholders (exemplified by the popular “No TAV” [No High Speed Train] movement), followed by (2) a yielding period of intense multilateral negotiations centered on the activities of the “Lyon-Turin Environmental Observatory.” The results of a qualitative cross analysis of the residents’ perception of the proposed high-speed rail revealed that public acceptance of risk in Susa Valley was influenced by the characteristics of hazards perceived by the residents and by the communicative approach used by the project’s various stakeholders. It also emerged that early dialog among all the parties involved was critical in forming a personal viewpoint on risk, which, once consolidated, defied new information and perspectives. Likely, a greater and earlier care taken by the other stakeholders to inform and consult the local population about the railway would have greatly eased the public debate.     

Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Audit in Large-Scale Public Infrastructure Construction: The Case of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway

Large-scale public infrastructure projects have featured in China’s modernization course since the early 1980s. During the early stages of China’s rapid economic development, public attention focused on the economic and social impact of high-profile construction projects. In recent years, however, we have seen a shift in public concern toward the environmental and ecological effects of such projects, and today governments are required to provide valid environmental impact assessments prior to allowing large-scale construction. The official requirement for the monitoring of environmental conditions has led to an increased number of debates in recent years regarding the effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs) and Governmental Environmental Audits (GEAs) as environmental safeguards in instances of large-scale construction. Although EIA and GEA are conducted by different institutions and have different goals and enforcement potential, these two practices can be closely related in terms of methodology. This article cites the construction of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway as an instance in which EIA and GEA offer complementary approaches to environmental impact management. This study concludes that the GEA approach can serve as an effective follow-up to the EIA and establishes that the EIA lays a base for conducting future GEAs. The relationship that emerges through a study of the Railway’s construction calls for more deliberate institutional arrangements and cooperation if the two practices are to be used in concert to optimal effect.     

我国炼化企业温室气体减排及CDM项目开展情况分析

我国炼化企业是高耗能高污染企业,温室气体排放量大而分散,减排潜力巨大。目前我国炼化企业比较重视废气的治理,如SOx,对于温室气体减排工作的研究投入力度相对较小,CDM项目很少且主要集中于N2O减排CDM项目。考虑到第一承诺期结束以后我国可能需要承担减排任务,单纯N2O减排将不能满足我国的温室气体减排需求。因此,我国炼化企业需要开展CO2减排技术研究。同时从节能减排及CO2资源化利用等方面对我国炼化企业进行分析,提出我国炼化企业节能减排措施,为我国炼化企业CO2减排提供理论依据。     

水利工程建设对环境影响的探讨

随着现代工程技术的不断发展,大规模的水利工程建设,为国民经济建设发挥了巨大作用,但同时也对环境造成了影响和危害,因此,如何兴利避害,充分发挥水利工程为人类造福的优势,减少其对环境的不利影响,是我们必须考虑的问题。从水利工程对环境的影响进行探讨并对环境保护提出了建议。     

我国城建领域引入合伙管理模式的探索

国际上流行的一种项目管理模式——Partnering模式,具有很明显的特点,能够提高工程质量、按时完工、节约预算投资、减少诉讼,可顺利解决我国城建项目管理当中的一些主要矛盾。结合我国城建项目管理的现状,讨论了成功引入Partnering模式所应采取的主要措施,诸如:程序、机制、工作研讨会等。     

鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程与湿地生态保护

鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程是鄱阳湖生态经济区规划中的重要内容,针对公众围绕枢纽工程对生态环境影响的质疑,通过对鄱阳湖湿地生态系统特征的分析,提出了鄱阳湖的生态保护目标与主要保护对象,论述了鄱阳湖近年来出现的水量不足、水质恶化、湿地退化、渔业资源萎缩等主要生态问题,介绍了目前鄱阳湖水利枢纽工程的构想,分析了枢纽工程可能产生的影响。在此基础上,提出了开展枢纽工程的科学论证与科学规划,进行生态系统设计,实行阶梯式水位、适应性生态调度和动态化科学管理的建议。     

养殖场沼气工程应用模式

介绍了厌氧发酵制沼气的技术、沼气的应用,及我国农村沼气发展模式,分析了养殖场沼气工程的应用模式以及沼气利用的市场前景。     

浅谈建设项目施工期的环境管理

根据广州城市轨道交通施工期环境监理工作实践,总结了城市轨道交通环境监理方法及试点中存在的问题,提出了加强建设项目环境监理的建议。     

香港青山B电厂4×680MW机组排放控制工程OHS风险控制方案介绍

以香港青山B电厂4×680MW机组排放控制工程（CPBEC）为例,介绍了海外环保EPC项目OHS风险控制的特点和风险控制方案,阐述了目前国内环保企业OHS风险管理中存在的主要问题和改进措施。