基于环境会计视角的分散式污水再生利用工程综合评价研究

为促进分散式污水再生利用工程的快速发展,提出了基于环境会计视角的分散式污水再生利用工程综合评价体系及模型,通过采用模糊综合评价模型对西安某高校分散式污水再生利用工程进行分析,得出的结论是,该类项目具有较好的经济效益,同时又可改善环境,促进社会的可持续发展。     

沙特炼化工程项目安全防范保障体系构建与探讨

随着国家"走出去"战略的实施,工程承包和劳务合作的规模不断扩大。在这种形势下,对外工程承包企业如何保障驻外人员的生命健康以及财产不受到侵害,是一个函待解决的问题。主要研究了目前境外承包工程项目实施阶段的安全状况特点,针对一些主要的安全风险因素提出了合理的防范措施,以尽量降低这些因素对项目造成的危害。为了符合沙特业主的要求和获得国外高端市场的准入,构建了安全防范保障体系,对外工程承包企业建立健全自身的安全管理体系具有很强的指导意义。     

REDD+ comes with money,not with development: an analysis of post-pilot project scenarios from the community forestry of Nepal Himalaya

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+) attracts poor nations to keep their forest standing only to sequester carbon through monetary incentives. However, in countries like Nepal where forest is an integral part of social practices, communities need to keep using forests for making a living. Based on household survey, field interview, personal observation, and broad review of forestry legislations, this paper scrutinizes villagers’ experiences of changes in forest management after implementation of a REDD+ pilot project in nine Community Forestry Users Groups (CFUGs) of Nepal. Since REDD+ was not initiated by local communities but tacitly implemented by international NGOs, most villagers lacked knowledge about it and the associated benefits from the pilot project, thus fewer villagers were found to be motivated to participate in the pilot project. Consequently, it delinked villagers from their forest by implicitly tightening uses rules, which resulted in constraints to fetch forest products. In addition, REDD+ benefits were distributed to some poor households but not to all, which resulted to an antagonistic sentiment in the villages. Thus, a rigorous assessment of conditions and framework of REDD+ and an involvement of local community from the start without compromising in the uses of forest products is of the utmost importance before considering the REDD+ framework as an alternative or as similar to CFUG in Nepal. Alternatively, REDD+ can be a part or a development project under the CFUG’s framework, which could be socially as well as legally acceptable on the present situation.     

H—G模式在油田开发工程总烃污染预测中的应用

本文依据油田开发工程的特点,合理地将H—G(Hanna—Grifford)面源叠加模式运用于油田开发工程总烃大气环境影响预测中,从而克服了运用经典的Ganssian点源模型预测大范围、低矮源大气污染水平的局限性与不足。最后给出了一个应用实列。     

城市消防规划中线性优化模型的探讨

目前,城市消防规划中普遍存在不考虑项目评估和建设投资优化的问题,造成规划与实际不符,有限投资不能取得最大减灾防灾效益。笔者提出以对规划建设项目进行综合评估为基础,合理确定各项目的建设量以使规划建设总体效益达到最大和以保证各类项目建设比例符合规划要求为基础;合理确定各项目的建设量,以使建设投资最少的两类线性优化模型;并结合具体规划实例,论述了后一种模型在城市消防规划中的应用。探讨目的在于为合理制定城市公共消防设施规划提供科学的决策方法,并为城市消防规划提供新的理论研究方向。     

催化裂化装置清洁生产技术改造与措施

中国石油前郭石化分公司通过对重油催化裂化装置进行清洁生产审核,制订了包括上清污分流设施、改造分析采样方法、外排污水口上计量设施、泵体冷却水改用循环水等多项无/低费方案;以及包括MIP提升管技术改造、二再增设三机组、改造余热锅炉、新建氨气焚烧炉、新建干气、液态烃脱硫及再生装置、新建硫磺回收装置、恶臭治理等中高费方案。该方案实施后,可充分利用各种资源,提高产品质量,减少或避免各种废水、废气及污油的排放,从源头削减污染,并创造可观的环境、经济、社会效益。     

生活垃圾焚烧发电项目的竣工环保验收

根据生活垃圾焚烧发电项目的特点,归纳了此类项目环境保护验收工作的法规依据、验收程序和重点内容,并提出了相应的污染防治措施。     

石化装置环境监理实施细则编写研究——以某企业10万吨／年硫磺回收装置为例

石化行业环境监理专业性强,难度很大,环境监理实施细则是确保环境监理工作质量、确保各项环保措施落实到位的关键环节。以某石化公司油品质量升级改造项目为例,通过对编制新建10万畦／年硫磺回收装置的环境监理实施细则开展深入研究,为国内深入开展类似项目的环境监理工作、出台环境监理技术规范提供有益的参考。     

Water Resources Research Prioritization and Management-Problems and Perspectives1

ABSTRACT: At a time when productive water resources research is essential to protecting the quality of and wisely using our limited water resources, pervasive trends toward consumerism, fiscal restraint, centralized management, and using research for other social objectives threaten research productivity. The research prioritization and management structure that these trends have created was examined in the microcosm of its application at the Utah Water Research Laboratory. The result indicated that ephemeral prioritization and the failure of research users to target researchers to their own particular needs is diluting productivity. Incremental research prioritization and greater use of advisory councils in facilitating user-researcher interaction are suggested as corrective approaches, but the only firm conclusion at this point in time must be that empirical studies of the performance of alternatives in research management structure are solely needed.     

220kV输变电工程电磁辐射环境影响研究

文章以黄石220kV向家咀输变电工程为研究对象,通过现场调研和监测,根据《500kV超高压送变电工程电磁辐射环境影响评价技术规范》(HJ/T24-1998)附录A、B、C推荐的计算模式并借助计算机软件定量的预测出该项目投产运行后对周边环境电磁辐射的环境贡献值,同时通过测量同电压等级、容量以及同导线型号的宜都220kV郭飞线(郭飞变电站至飞凤变电站)的电磁辐射现状验证预测结果,得出研究结论并对输变电线路电磁辐射提出保护措施和建议。