非有机溶剂高聚物萃取分离测定水样中苯酚的研究

在酸性溶液中,利用聚乙二醇-4000对水样中的苯酚进行萃取．并在聚乙二醇-4000、氨-氯化铵缓冲体系里对萃取相中的苯酚定量测定。在实验条件下,水样中苯酚被聚乙二醇-4000定量萃取并被4氨基安替比林定量测定。该方法快速、简单、无毒、为水样中苯酚的分离测定提供了一种较好的方法。     

生活污水中糖类测试方法研究

分别用蒽酮比色、苯酚-硫酸及气相色谱法3种测试方法测试了上海市某生活小区生活污水的糖类组成.试验结果表明,蒽酮比色法测试糖类浓度的准确性与精确性优于苯酚-硫酸法,但不能得出污水中糖类的详细组成情况;与蒽酮比色法和苯酚-硫酸法相比,气相色谱法不仅能得出污水中糖类的详细组成,而且还具有较高的精密度.气相色谱法测得的生活污水中各种单糖,如木糖、甘露糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖、鼠李糖、核糖、岩藻糖的质量浓度分别为8.25、 6.02、5.52、4.80、4.44、4.41、2.66 mg/L.     

Photocatalytic degradation of phenol by visible light-responsive iron-doped TiO2 and spontaneous sedimentation of the TiO2 particles

Fe-doped TiO₂ was prepared by the calcination of Fe_xTiS₂ (x = 0, 0.002, 0.005, 0.008, 0.01) and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra. All the Fe-doped TiO₂ were composed of an anatase crystal form and showed red shifts to a longer wavelength. The activity of the Fe-doped TiO₂ for the degradation of phenol was investigated by varying the iron content during UV (365 nm) and visible light (405 nm and 436 nm) irradiation. The degradation rate depended on the Fe content and the Fe-doped TiO₂ was responsive to the visible light as well as the elevated activity toward UV light. The molar ratio of 0.005 was the optimum for both the UV and visible light irradiations. The result was discussed on the basis of the balance of the excited electron–hole trap by the doped Fe³⁺ and their charge recombination on the doped Fe³⁺ level. The Fe-doped TiO₂ (x = 0.005) was more active than P25 TiO₂ under solar light irradiation. The suspended Fe-doped TiO₂ spontaneously precipitated once the stirring of the reaction mixture was terminated.     

Use of advance oxidation process to improve the biodegradability of olive oil mill effluents

In this study, recalcitrant total phenol (TPh) and organic matter removal were investigated at olive mill wastewater (OMW) in sequential Coagulation and Fenton system. This study focused on different operational parameters such as pH, H₂O₂, and Fe²⁺ dosages, and [Fe²⁺]/[H₂O₂] ratios. The optimum conditions were determined as; pH = 3; [Fe²⁺] = 2.5 g/L; [Fe²⁺]/[H₂O₂] = 2.5. A higher treatment efficiency was achieved at sequential Coagulation and Fenton system (COD, 65.5%) and TPh, 87.2%), compared to coagulation process (COD, 51.4%; total organic carbon (TOC), 38.6% and total nitrogen (TN) 52.1%). This study demonstrated that the Coagulation and Fenton process has a potential for efficient removal of phenolic pollutants from wastewater.     

苯酚降解菌Y_1的分离与鉴定

旨在从微生物降解的角度出发,解决苯酚大量应用带来的含酚废水对环境污染问题.采用富集培养、驯化筛选和平板划线等方法,从某化工厂废水中分离得到4株苯酚降解菌.利用4-氨基吡啉分光光度法测定其苯酚降解能力,筛选出降解率较高的菌株Y_1.经形态学观察、生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA序列分析,将该菌初步鉴定为苏云金芽孢杆菌(Ba...     

Acid-treated Fe-doped TiO2 as a high performance photocatalyst used for degradation of phenol under visible light irradiation

The photocatalytic activity of Fe-doped TiO2 nanoparticles is significantly increased by an acid-treatment process. The photocatalyst nanoparticles were prepared using sol–gel method with 0.5 mol% ratio of Fe:Ti in acidic pH of 3. The nanoparticles were structurally characterized by means of X-ray diffraction(XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscope(HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDX), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS). It was observed that the photocatalytic activity suffered from an iron oxide contaminating layer deposited on the surface of the nanoparticles. This contamination layer was removed using an HCl acidtreatment process. The photocatalytic activity using 500 mg/L of Fe0.5-TiO2 in a 10 mg/L of phenol solution increased significantly from 33% to 57%(about 73% increase in the performance), within 90 min of reaction time under visible light irradiation. This significant improvement was achieved by removing the iron oxide contamination layer from the surface of the nanoparticles and adjusting p H to mild acidic and basic pHs.     

膨润土吸附剂对水中酚吸附性能研究

讨了用羟基铝、硫酸处理过的膨润土对水中酚的吸附性能．试验结果表明：酚径膨润土吸附剂吸附后，其去除率为７３．８８％，处理水再经活性炭吸附，酚去除率可达９９．８％、降至０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ以下．     

酚醛废水处理技术研究进展

酚醛废水(PFW)含有大量挥发酚和游离甲醛,还含有部分甲醇及少量低分子树脂、大量酸类等有毒物,需经过处理后才可排入环境.其中联合工艺是最为可行的处理工艺.     

乙烯污水零排放试验及技术研讨

污水零排放可以最大限度地减少工业废水对环境的污染，减少水资源的浪费。企业通过环境论证和风险分析，不断完善工业废水的排水控制和污染物治理措施，制定科学实用的应急预案，实现废水零排放，从而使水资源充分得到利用，环境安全更可靠。     

Efficient removal and mechanisms of water soluble aromatic contaminants by a reduced-charge bentonite modified with benzyltrimethylammonium cation

A novel strategy utilizing the phenyls interaction and the hydrophobic affinity of available siloxane surface in the interlayer of bentonite was proposed to improve the sorption capabilities of organobentonites for water soluble aromatic contaminants. A unique organobentonite (65BTMA) was synthesized by intercalating benzyltrimethylammonium cation (BTMA⁺) into the interlayer of a reduced-charge bentonite with cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 65 cmol kg⁻¹. Phenol, aniline and toluene were used as model compounds of water soluble aromatic contaminants. Their respective removal efficiencies by 65BTMA were achieved at 83.3%, 89.2% and 97.3% at the initial concentration of 20 mg l⁻¹. To reveal the sorption mechanism, sorption characteristics of aromatic contaminants to 65BTMA were compared with that of aliphatic contaminants in similar molecular size. And various organobentonites were prepared by combining TMA⁺ (tetramethylammonium), BTMA⁺, HTMA⁺ (heptyltrimethylammonium) and CTMA⁺ (cetyltrimethylammonium) with two bentonites (CEC = 108 and 65 cmol kg⁻¹). To 65BTMA, sorption magnitudes of aromatic contaminants were much greater than that of aliphatic compounds with similar size; and dramatically higher than those to other organobentonites at low pollutant concentrations. These observations revealed that the strong phenyls interactions contributed significantly to sorb the aqueous soluble aromatic contaminants to 65BTMA (>90%), and which favored to design uniquely powerful sorbents.