两级UASB与好氧组合工艺处理城市生活垃圾渗滤液的启动研究

采用两级UASB与好氧组合工艺处理早期城市生活垃圾渗滤液。系统出水按不同比例回流到一级UASB中进行反硝化，同时进行产甲烷反应，有机物在二级UASB中被进一步降解，好氧池完成剩余有机物的去除和氨氮的硝化。启动阶段通过对原渗滤液不同比例的稀释，分5次逐步提高进水浓度，启动结束时完成了对原渗滤液的高效处理。在进水COD浓度从3000mg／L提高到15000mg／L，氨氮浓度从250mg／L提高到1400mg／L时，最终COD去除率稳定在92％左右，氨氮去除率可达99％以上，一级UASB中反硝化率接近100％，回流比为300％时系统总氮去除率为70％～80％。     

极谱法测定海水中的镉、铅含量

利用极谱二电极系统测定海水中的镉、铅，测定结果的精密度、准确度均符合分析要求。     

两段接触氧化法处理生活污水的实验研究

接触氧化法具有处理效率高，耐冲击负荷，活污水的模拟实验基础上，探讨了水力停留时间、供气量力停留时间均为1h时，COD、BOD，和SS的平均去除率氧化法对氨氮有较好的去除效果。工程实例运行情况表镇生活小区的生活污水处理。水水质好，占地面积小等特点。本文在两段接触氧化法处理生处理效果的影响。实验结果表明：在总气水比为5：1，两段的水别达到94．5％、93．2％和91．7％。与活性污泥法相比，两段接触，出水水质符合国家污水排放标准，该法也适用于厂矿企业及城镇生活小区的生活污水处理。     

Accounting for geophysical information in geostatistical characterization of unexploded ordnance (UXO) sites

Efficient and reliable unexploded ordnance (UXO) site characterization is needed for decisions regarding future land use. There are several types of data available at UXO sites and geophysical signal maps are one of the most valuable sources of information. Incorporation of such information into site characterization requires a flexible and reliable methodology. Geostatistics allows one to account for exhaustive secondary information (i.e.,, known at every location within the field) in many different ways. Kriging and logistic regression were combined to map the probability of occurrence of at least one geophysical anomaly of interest, such as UXO, from a limited number of indicator data. Logistic regression is used to derive the trend from a geophysical signal map, and kriged residuals are added to the trend to estimate the probabilities of the presence of UXO at unsampled locations (simple kriging with varying local means or SKlm). Each location is identified for further remedial action if the estimated probability is greater than a given threshold. The technique is illustrated using a hypothetical UXO site generated by a UXO simulator, and a corresponding geophysical signal map. Indicator data are collected along two transects located within the site. Classification performances are then assessed by computing proportions of correct classification, false positive, false negative, and Kappa statistics. Two common approaches, one of which does not take any secondary information into account (ordinary indicator kriging) and a variant of common cokriging (collocated cokriging), were used for comparison purposes. Results indicate that accounting for exhaustive secondary information improves the overall characterization of UXO sites if an appropriate methodology, SKlm in this case, is used.     

潮汕地区水稻高产栽培措施调查

1991年在潮汕地区进行的水稻高产经验调查结果表明:(1)改善土壤环境、培育肥沃深厚的土壤、提高地力产量,是水稻高产的前提。高产田在植稻前土壤的有效氮(碱解N,电脑推荐施肥法)含量平均为103(±7)mg kg~(-1),有效磷(P_2O_5,MⅢ法)为40(±10)mg kg~(-1),有效钾(K_2O,MⅢ法)为150(±59)mg kg~(-1)。具有这种养分含量的稻田在当季不施肥的地力产量平均占82(±5)％,连续两季不施肥的仍占76(±6)％。(2)增施有机肥。施用量一般占施肥总量(N+P_2O_5+K_2O)的30—40％。化肥氮的施用遵循“前足、中促、后壮”的原则。(3)应用“健身栽培”、肥水促控等措施来控制水稻的最高苗数、提高成穗率和稻谷结实率。(4)延长功能叶的寿命,收获期每株水稻的青叶数保持在3片以上。     

新显色剂对——偶氮苯重氮氨基偶氮苯磺酸用于测定痕量镉研究

本文报告在PH10.0的NH_3·NH_4Cl体系和Triton x-100存在下,对—偶氮苯重氮氨基偶氮苯磺酸与镉形成红色络合物,最大吸收峰532mm,摩尔吸光系数2.02×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1) ,并研究了测定镉的各种条件.     

几种物质对萘乙二胺光度法测定苯胺的干扰

实验发现,亚硝酸盐、重氮化合物、2 萘胺 1 磺酸对苯胺有很强的干扰。亚硝酸盐的干扰可以通过加过量的氨基磺酸铵去除;蒸馏是去除重氮化合物、2 萘胺 1 磺酸干扰的有效方法。     

淀山湖浮游植物功能群演替特征及其与环境因子的关系

淀山湖属亚热带浅水湖泊,是上海市重要的水源地之一.为了解该湖浮游植物功能群的特征及其与环境因子的关系,于2015年1月至2016年12月逐月对浮游植物和环境因子进行调查分析.结果表明,淀山湖浮游植物可划分为26个功能群,其中15个功能群(B、C、D、F、G、H1、J、Lo、M、MP、P、W1、W2、X1和X2)为该湖的优势功能群.2015~2016年淀山湖优势浮游植物功能群呈现明显的周年演替特征,2015年为D/C→Lo/C/MP→MP/J/P/W1→P,2016年为P→W2/Lo→W2/G/M/H1→P.利用典范对应分析(CCA)探讨淀山湖浮游植物功能群与环境因子间的相互关系,结果表明水位波动(WLF)、溶解氧(DO)、水温(WT)、总磷(TP)、电导率(EC)、透明度(SD)和总氮(TN)是影响淀山湖浮游植物功能群的主要环境因子,其中氮磷营养盐和水位波动对淀山湖浮游植物功能群的影响应该引起关注.     

飞机客舱安全疏散影响因素研究

为提高和优化民航客机安全疏散效率,选取出口个数、出口位置、出口宽度和过道宽度四个因素,基于steering模型构建仿真模型,分析不同因素对疏散效率的影响。结果表明,前后出口疏散效率优于中间出口,且出口大于3个时,增加出口对疏散效率影响不显著;出口宽度从50cm增加到65cm,疏散效率提升明显,大于65cm之后,对疏散影响不显著;过道宽度设置为70cm较为合理;客舱前后区域疏散时间差异明显,前部疏散明显快于后部;通过优化客舱布局,设置合理的结构参数,消除了过道和出口瓶颈,并显著提升了客舱人员疏散效率。     

The influence of confounding factors on the relationship between muscle contraction level and MF and MPF values of EMG signal: a review

The purpose of this article is to gather results of studies on the relationship between median frequency (MF) and mean power frequency (MPF) and the level of muscle contraction, and to use those results to discuss the differences in the trends according to factors related to measurement technique and subject. Twenty-one studies with 63 cases for upper limb muscles and nine studies with 31 cases for lower limb muscles were analysed. Most results showed an increase in parameters with an increased level of muscle contraction, only some studies showed a decrease. The influence on parameters of the level of muscle contraction and factors such as subjects, type of contraction, muscle length and electrodes was analysed for each muscle. It was concluded that when analysing the influence of different factors on MF and MPF, because those factors interact they should be considered together, not separately.