Parameter estimation for fractional dispersion model for rivers

The fractional dispersion model for natural rivers, extended by including a first order reaction term, contains four parameters. In order to estimate these parameters a fractional Laplace transform-based method is developed in this paper. Based on 76 dye test data measured in natural streams, the new parameter estimation method shows that the fractional dispersion operator parameter F is the controlling parameter causing the non-Fickian dispersion and F does not take on an integer constant of 2 but instead varies in the range of 1.4–2.0. The adequacy of the fractional Laplace transform-based parameter estimation method is determined by computing dispersion characteristics of the extended fractional dispersion model and these characteristics are compared with those observed from 12 dye tests conducted on the US rivers, including Mississippi, Red, and Monocacy. The agreement between computed and observed dispersion characteristics is found to be good. When combined with the fractional Laplace transform-based parameter estimation method, the extended fractional dispersion model is capable of accurately simulating the non-Fickian dispersion process in natural streams.     

沈阳市工业污染源指标化控制的研究

本文在研究沈阳市工业污染源构成基础上，根据沈阳市水系统主要污染物总量控制目标，提出了主要污染源主要污染物指标化控制目标．通过污水治理技术经济分析，探讨实现工业污染源环境目标管理的途径．     

铁氧体化法在重金属污染物解毒处理中的应用

综合介绍铁氧体化法在重金属污染物解毒处理方面的应用研究情况，提出毒害性污染物解毒处理的概念，并进一步指出开发降解性毒害污染物解毒处理工艺中值得注意的问题。     

天然和人工叠加流场下弥散试验研究

在污灌区浅层含水层进行了现场弥散试验,采用氚做为示踪剂,瞬时投放.因为天然流速较弱,通过注水形成天然的和人工的叠加流场.根据流场特性。建立以Φ-Ψ坐标表示的移流弥散数学模型.采用有限差数值方法求解,其中二维模型应用分裂格式.通过计算的浓度曲线与实验曲线拟合,求得纵、横向弥散率.     

中部城市群二氧化硫扩散模型的建立

应用CALPUFF中尺度空气质量扩散模式，建立辽宁中部城市群地区二氧化硫扩散模型，成功地模拟了区域二氧化硫的污染状况。     

On-line optical determination of floc size of Fe( Ⅲ ) coagulants

This study investigated the floc aggregation, average floc size, floc size variance and floc growth velocity when ferric chloride (FeCl3) and polyferric chloride (PFC) were used to treat the simulated water samples. The factors including coagulant dose, ionic strength and solution pH, which affect the floc aggregation, were studied. Experiments were carried out in a bench-scale reactor using photometric dispersion analyzer (PDA). Results showed that there were great differences between the floc aggregation of PFC and FeCl3.The average floc size and floc growth velocity of PFC were much larger than those of FeCl3. Compared with FeCl3, PFC gave a better coagulation performance in wider range of pH, dosage and ionic strength. It was also found that the coagulation efficiency of PFC did not depend on average floc size but on floc growth velocity.     

典型室内空气污染现状研究

研究典型室内空气污染现状及其对人体健康的影响,探讨影响典型室内空气质量的主要因素及其室内外主要污染物的相关性,并提出一些改进措施,为深入分析典型室内外污染物相关性及其净化技术方法打下基础.     

海岸地区三维风场与污染物输送扩散模式

首先建立了一个复杂地形条件下的中尺度三维边界层预报模式,模拟研究了局地海陆风环流条件下的三维风场。并将其输出直接作为一个三维欧拉数值模式的输入,以模拟沿海地区海陆风演变过程中,空气污染物(SO_2)浓度的时空分布。为更接近实际,还专门建立了一个只需少量常规气象资料输入的背景风诊断模式。较好地完成了这三个模式间的联接。实例模拟计算的结果表明,此联接模式是行之有效的。     

Variability of turbulence dispersion characteristics during heavy haze process: A case study in Beijing

The turbulent standard deviations and the turbulent third-order and fourth-order moments are the key turbulence dispersion parameters in Lagrangian dispersion models. However, the characteristics of these parameters under heavy haze conditions in urban areas have not been fully investigated, and the commonly used similarity relations of these parameters in models were based on observations in highly flat and sparsely populated areas. In this paper, the vertical profiles of these parameters and their local similarity relations under heavy haze conditions in the wintertime of Beijing have been analyzed by using data collected at a 325-m meteorological tower. The heavy haze process has been divided into three stages: transport stage (TS), cumulative stage (CS), and dispersion stage (DS). Results show that the turbulent dispersion parameters behave differently during three stages. In the TS and DS, the maxima appear in the profiles of the turbulent standard deviations above the urban canopy; in the CS, the turbulent standard deviation are almost constant with height. The analysis of the third and fourth order moments shows that the wind velocities above the urban canopy in the TS deviate from the Gaussian distribution more significantly than those in the CS and DS. The local similarity relations of the turbulent dispersion parameters in the TS, especially for the longitudinal wind components, are normally different from those in the CS and DS. Thus, different from the common assumptions in Lagrangian models, the turbulence dispersion in horizontal directions is anisotropic and should be parameterized by multiple similarity relations under heavy haze conditions.     

汕头港湾附近水域潮流特征和污染物扩散的数值计算 Ⅱ.汕头港湾附近水域污染物的扩散数值模拟

本文在对汕头港湾附近水域的潮流特征进行数值模拟并获得了潮流和余流场分布信息的基础上，通过特定排放源的数值模拟，研究了该水域污染扩散条件及输运规律。