矿石铅同位素示踪成矿物质来源综述

矿石铅同位素是示踪成矿物质来源的重要手段之一。本文综述了矿石铅同位素示踪成矿物质来源的基本原理和主要方法 ,并指出 :单阶段模式年龄、特征参数示踪已逐步淘汰 ,铅构造模式示踪遭质疑 ,Δβ Δγ图解示踪还需要接受更多矿床实例的检验 ,全方位对比是矿石铅示踪成矿物质来源的首选方法。     

炭素生产中的炭尘排放总量控制与重点点源管理

以建立量化控制指标和重点管理为手段，研究炭尘重点点源排放规律，从强化污染源管理入手实行全过程控制以实现污染物排放总量控制。     

溢油追踪报警器可行性研究

通过对专门设计的漂浮物在海洋中运动规律的分析，研究用来跟踪海上溢油漂移路线的可行性，从而，为溢油应急指挥中心的决策提供技术支持手段。     

The influence of air–fuel ratio on engine performance and pollutant emission of an SI engine using ethanol–gasoline-blended fuels

Ethanol–gasoline-blended fuel was tested in a conventional engine under various air–fuel equivalence ratios (λ) for its performance and emissions. The amount of fuel injection was adjusted manually by an open-loop control system using a CONSULT controller. It was found that without changing throttle opening and injection strategy, λ could be extended to a leaner condition as ethanol content increased. The results of engine performance tests showed that torque output would increase slightly at small throttle valve opening when ethanol–gasoline-blended fuel was used. It was also shown that CO and HC emissions were reduced with the increase of ethanol content in the blended fuel, which resulted from oxygen enrichment. At an air–fuel equivalence ratio slightly larger than one, the smallest amounts of CO and HC and the largest amounts of CO₂ resulted. It was noted that under the lean combustion condition, CO₂ emission was controlled by air–fuel equivalence ratio; while under the rich combustion condition, CO₂ emission is offset by CO emission. It was also found that CO₂ emission per unit horse power output for blended fuel was similar or less than that for gasoline fuel. From the experimental data, the optimal ethanol content in the gasoline and air–fuel equivalence ratio in terms of engine performance and air pollution was found.     

鸭河口水库水体总氮、总磷预测研究

根据鸭河口水库受纳点源及面源污染负荷情况，选择枯水期为预测时期，采用迪隆模型对鸭河口水库水体总氮、总磷进行预测研究，为鸭河口水库水质保持和富营养化防治提供基础数据。     

A 25-year record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils amended with sewage sludges

We studied polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in crop soils amended with 1000 tonnes dry weight of sewage sludges per 10,000 m² from 1974 to 1992, then after sludges addition from 1993 to 1999. The absence of variations of total PAHs levels of control soils, averaging at 123 μg/Kg, shows the absence of horizontal contamination. During sludges addition, the total PAHs levels in amended soils increased from 232 to 402 μg/Kg. Seven years after sludges addition, it decreased to 275 μg/Kg, which is still more than twice –the levels of control soils. This finding shows that sludges PAHs are preserved in crop soils for long periods of time, on a human scale.     

区域水土流失遥感与核素示踪联合评价技术研究

水土流失遥感调查具有宏观、快速、效率高的优点,可以实现水土流失时空动态监测;侵蚀137Cs核素示踪技术能够提供独立的土壤侵蚀与堆积数据以及空间分布的信息,与其它方法相比,不仅具有无时空限制、操作简便快捷的优点,而且可提供上世纪60年代以来的多空间尺度(测点到流域)年均净侵蚀量。核素示踪与遥感解译的结合,可实现水土流失评价的宏观与微观、点与面、估算与实测的结合,大大地提高水土流失评价时空分辨率和精准度。文章以锦屏二级水电站工程建设区域为例,将137Cs侵蚀示踪技术和水土流失遥感调查方法相结合,基于GIS技术,对区域内水土流失现状进行了评价。     

沈阳市工业污染源指标化控制的研究

本文在研究沈阳市工业污染源构成基础上，根据沈阳市水系统主要污染物总量控制目标，提出了主要污染源主要污染物指标化控制目标．通过污水治理技术经济分析，探讨实现工业污染源环境目标管理的途径．     

铁氧体化法在重金属污染物解毒处理中的应用

综合介绍铁氧体化法在重金属污染物解毒处理方面的应用研究情况，提出毒害性污染物解毒处理的概念，并进一步指出开发降解性毒害污染物解毒处理工艺中值得注意的问题。     

典型室内空气污染现状研究

研究典型室内空气污染现状及其对人体健康的影响,探讨影响典型室内空气质量的主要因素及其室内外主要污染物的相关性,并提出一些改进措施,为深入分析典型室内外污染物相关性及其净化技术方法打下基础.