武汉市汽车排气污染现状及发展趋势分析

着重阐述了武汉市汽车排气污染现状及汽车污染物的产生 ,介绍了国内外控制汽车污染物排放的技术和措施 ,提出了武汉市汽车排气污染的发展趋势。     

新沂河污水净化生态工程研究

苏北水环境综合整治方案提出了“清污两制、控源导流”的水污染控制战略。以这一战略为指导,实施江苏省水污染集中控制两线工程。对北线工程新沂河污水生态工程的背景、工程方案与设计、污水系统水质模拟进行了详尽论述。     

Urban geochemical mapping studies: how and why we do them

Geochemical mapping is a technique rooted in mineral exploration but has now found worldwide application in studies of the urban environment. Such studies, involving multidisciplinary teams including geochemists, have to present their results in a way that nongeochemists can comprehend. A legislatively driven demand for urban geochemical data in connection with the need to identify contaminated land and subsequent health risk assessments has given rise to a greater worldwide interest in the urban geochemical environment. Herein, the aims and objectives of some urban studies are reviewed and commonly used terms such as baseline and background are defined. Geochemists need to better consider what is meant by the term urban. Whilst the unique make up of every city precludes a single recommended approach to a geochemical mapping strategy, more should be done to standardise the sampling and analytical methods. How (from a strategic and presentational point of view) and why we do geochemical mapping studies is discussed.

金华江流域地表水污染治理对策研究

分析了金华江流域地表水污染的原因,提出了以开展“碧水行动”为中心的包括产业调整和限制、环境容量总量控制、环境基础设施建设、强化环境管理等在内的综合治理措施。     

土地利用变更的土壤及地下水污染调查方法及实例

以南京大厂区某地块的土壤及地下水污染调查为实例,提出了资料收集、源项分析、监测因子筛选、监测布点．场地地质水文勘探和土壤及地下水采样分析的土壤及地下水污染调查方法,探讨了评价标准和确定土壤及地下水污染范围的方法。     

浅谈菏泽市水环境问题与水环境保护对策

针对菏泽市水环境污染现状,探讨了菏泽市主要水环境问题,识别了水环境污染的主要污染源,提出了改善菏泽市水环境的对策和建议。从菏泽市未来发展的空间布局来看,不同地区水环境保护的重点应有所侧重:北部地区重点是资源开发和重化工业发展过程中的水环境保护,南部地区重点是农业发展过程中的水环境保护,中部地区主要是生活污水的防治。     

兴化市环境信访现状分析及对策

环境信访作为人民群众反映自身诉求,保障合法环境权益的主要方式,当前已成为环保工作的重中之重。从环保部门来讲,如何从处理环境信访过程中掌握本地的环境现状和主要矛盾,从而采取有针对性的措施解决区域性的环境问题,也体现了政府部门的执政理念和工作水平。笔者根据兴化市2008年－2012年环境信访数据统计,从信访类型、信访时间、信访区域、环境要素诸方面进行分析,梳理出群众所关注的环保热点问题．     

贝加尔湖高压分裂过程对绥化市重污染的影响

为探究贝加尔湖高压分裂过程对绥化市2020年1月份持续性重污染事件的影响,以WRF中尺度气象预报数据及气象观测数据为分析基础,分析了2020年1月9~21日的天气形势及气象要素变化,并结合污染物浓度观测数据及PM_2.5组分观测数据（13~21日）,分析了该过程中污染物浓度变化及化学组分特征.结果表明：此次污染过程由贝加尔湖分裂高压引起的持续性静稳天气造成,11~20日期间,空气质量指数AQI变化范围为182~329,其中有9d污染状况为重度及以上污染;重污染期间,地面风速最低下降至0.5m/s左右,能见度下降至1km左右,且出现逆温层,大气扩散条件差;持续性静稳天气导致大气氧化性增强,氧化剂浓度（ρ（NO₂）+ρ（O₃））约94~118 μg/m³,相对湿度约为94%,ρ（SO₄^2-）、ρ（NH₄⁺）最大日增量达28.59、11.32μg/m³,增长速度相比于14日分别增加了1264%、1270%,高湿高氧化性的大气环境显著促进了二次无机盐的生成.贝加尔湖高压分裂过程导致持续性静稳天气,加之污染物的本地排放与积累,增加了大气氧化性,进而形成绥化市持续性重污染天气.     

基于文献计量的制药废水处理专利发展趋势

为了解制药废水处理技术的实际应用情况,以与Web of Science同源的DⅡ（Derwent Innovations Index,德温特）专利数据库为数据源,对1985—2017年的制药废水处理专利进行数据分析与挖掘.采用Excel和EndNote相结合的方法,系统分析了国内外制药废水处理的研究现状,阐明了制药废水处理的主流技术及专利领先的国家和组织,讨论了该领域的研究热点及前沿方向.结果表明:制药废水处理专利数量持续增长,特别是自1998年以来增速显著;制药废水处理专利以过滤技术、非生物滤池的好氧技术、混凝技术为主,它们是制药废水处理工艺中常用和必须的单元;我国在制药废水处理领域发表的专利数量居世界第1位,并且对主流技术研究的关注度和需求很高,但专利授权数量相对较少,研究深度有待提高.研究显示,面对我国类型复杂的制药废水,建议加强技术创新,以解决我国制药废水处理的技术难题,使我国制药废水处理技术向着实用化的方向发展.      

Distribution and relationship between antimicrobial resistance genes and heavy metals in surface sediments of Taihu Lake, China

Heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, and other wastes released into the environment can significantly influence environmental antibiotic resistance. We investigated the occurrence of 22 antimicrobial resistance genes(ARGs) and 10 heavy metal concentrations, and the relationship between ARGs and heavy metals in surface sediment from seven sites of Lake Taihu. The results showed significant correlations(p 0.05) between sediment ARG levels,especially for tetracycline and sulfonamides(e.g., tet(A), tet(D), tet(E), tet(O), sul1, sul2 and int-1) and specific heavy metals(Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Zn, among others) in the Lake. In the surface sediments, heavy metals showed an interaction with resistance genes, but the strength of interaction was diminished with increasing depth. For most of the heavy metals, the concentration of elements in the top sediments was higher than that in other depths.Tetracycline resistance genes(tet(A), tet(B), tet(D), tet(E) and tet(O), β-lactam resistance genes(SHV, TEM, CTX, OXA and OXY) and sulfonamide resistance genes(sulA, sul1, sul2, sul3 and int-1) were detected. They showed a trend which inferred a statistically significant increase followed by decreases in the relative abundance of these ARGs(normalized to 16 S rRNA genes) with increasing depth. This study revealed that tet(A), tet(O), TEM, OXY, int-1, sul1 and sul3 were widespread in surface sediments with high abundance, indicating that these genes deserve more attention in future work.