我国食用菌产业的发展现状及开发策略

从食用菌栽培种类、栽培技术、加工技术、出口贸易等方面阐述了我国食用菌产业的发展现状，并在此基础上提出了持续、健康、稳定发展我国食用菌产业的开发策略：即大力开发种质资源；开发新原料、新配方；建立大型企业，实现标准化，创建特色品牌；加强食用菌保鲜和深加工的开发；建立健全质量标准体系，等。此外，还需加强食用菌遗传学、生理学、生态学、病虫害防治等方面的研究，以期为创造新品种、优质高产提供理论依据。     

A CASE STUDY IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FEDERAL WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ACT AMENDMENTS1

ABSTRACT: A general model of the policy implementation process is utilized to facilitate a discussion of the way Section 208 of PL 92-500 is being carried out on an areawide basis. A study of four “208 areas” in the “New York-Philadelphia corridor” highlights the operation of several variables used in the model. The varying political and socioeconomic conditions in geographic areas which have similar water quality problems are leading to the evolution of vastly different implementing structures, or institutional arrangements. The analysis suggests that these differences may have important implications for the success of the program in each of these areas. A major underlying theme is that such problems are characteristic of the 208 process nationwide and reflect general difficulties associated with managing water quality in a federal system.     

Is risk associated with drinking water in Australia of significant concern to justify mandatory regulation?

Presently in Australia there are no mandatory drinking water standards. Here we argue that the risk associated with drinking water in Australia is of a dimension discernible to warrant mandatory regulations. The catchments that supply the major metropolitan areas of Sydney and Adelaide, and the groundwater for the city of Perth have been seriously compromised by the encroachment of development and activities. Melbourne in the past has generally relied on a closed catchment reservoir system; however, population growth in the near future will sequester the full online operation of additional reservoirs, which have multiple land use catchments. In addition to the current landscape circumstances, the management of a water system in itself proposes significant issues of risk. Two critical assumptions that are unique to a mass medium substance like water and dramatically alter the appraisal of risk are: (1) very large numbers of people are potentially exposed, and (2) small changes in contaminant levels may have adverse population outcomes. It is also known that water reticulation systems frequently suffer from contamination problems caused solely by the distribution system, and optimal management of these facilities would best be served by statutory protected transparency and dedicated water quality programs. In 1979, an Australian parliamentary committee stated that an “uncontaminated water supply is” a “basic requirement for the obtainment of good health”; however, recent surveys of Australian water systems show many are not meeting basic water quality criteria, and many communities are not receiving regular monitoring or testing as required by government authorized Australian drinking water guidelines. Exacerbating this situation is the lack of reporting and statutory endorsed standardized procedures to ensure information is properly and promptly recorded and that data are centralized for maximum benefit. The evaluation of risk associated with drinking water in Australia is often hampered by inadequate or incomplete data. Lastly, regional and rural water supplies face a vast array of contemporary problems and experiences that include widespread usage of pesticides and agricultural chemicals. In recent years, the Darling River has experienced the worst algal bloom known to man, and this river system not only supplies a number of regional and rural towns with water, but eventually connects with the River Murray, which supplies the State of South Australia with approximately 50% of its water requirements.     

武汉市汽车排气污染现状及发展趋势分析

着重阐述了武汉市汽车排气污染现状及汽车污染物的产生 ,介绍了国内外控制汽车污染物排放的技术和措施 ,提出了武汉市汽车排气污染的发展趋势。     

新沂河污水净化生态工程研究

苏北水环境综合整治方案提出了“清污两制、控源导流”的水污染控制战略。以这一战略为指导,实施江苏省水污染集中控制两线工程。对北线工程新沂河污水生态工程的背景、工程方案与设计、污水系统水质模拟进行了详尽论述。     

Urban geochemical mapping studies: how and why we do them

Geochemical mapping is a technique rooted in mineral exploration but has now found worldwide application in studies of the urban environment. Such studies, involving multidisciplinary teams including geochemists, have to present their results in a way that nongeochemists can comprehend. A legislatively driven demand for urban geochemical data in connection with the need to identify contaminated land and subsequent health risk assessments has given rise to a greater worldwide interest in the urban geochemical environment. Herein, the aims and objectives of some urban studies are reviewed and commonly used terms such as baseline and background are defined. Geochemists need to better consider what is meant by the term urban. Whilst the unique make up of every city precludes a single recommended approach to a geochemical mapping strategy, more should be done to standardise the sampling and analytical methods. How (from a strategic and presentational point of view) and why we do geochemical mapping studies is discussed.

金华江流域地表水污染治理对策研究

分析了金华江流域地表水污染的原因,提出了以开展“碧水行动”为中心的包括产业调整和限制、环境容量总量控制、环境基础设施建设、强化环境管理等在内的综合治理措施。     

土地利用变更的土壤及地下水污染调查方法及实例

以南京大厂区某地块的土壤及地下水污染调查为实例,提出了资料收集、源项分析、监测因子筛选、监测布点．场地地质水文勘探和土壤及地下水采样分析的土壤及地下水污染调查方法,探讨了评价标准和确定土壤及地下水污染范围的方法。     

浅谈菏泽市水环境问题与水环境保护对策

针对菏泽市水环境污染现状,探讨了菏泽市主要水环境问题,识别了水环境污染的主要污染源,提出了改善菏泽市水环境的对策和建议。从菏泽市未来发展的空间布局来看,不同地区水环境保护的重点应有所侧重:北部地区重点是资源开发和重化工业发展过程中的水环境保护,南部地区重点是农业发展过程中的水环境保护,中部地区主要是生活污水的防治。