Organohalogen pollutants in herring from the northern Baltic Sea: concentrations, congener profiles and explanatory factors

Organohalogen contaminants were investigated in Baltic herring caught from three catchment areas in the Baltic Sea, off the coasts of Finland. Pools of both small and large herring were analysed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, naphthalenes, camphenes (toxaphene), polybrominated diphenyl ethers and the pesticide DDT and its metabolites. PCB concentrations per fresh weight in small herring were at the same level in all catchment areas, i.e. the Bothnian Bay, the Bothnian Sea and the Gulf of Finland, revealing no hot spots and reflecting most likely long term emissions and atmospheric deposition. Differences in the levels and/or congener profiles of other contaminants between catchment areas may be explained by point sources. Similar concentrations in small and large herring in the Gulf of Finland were possibly due to their common nutrition. In the other areas, differences between small and large herring most likely reflected their different food sources.     

Heavy metal concentrations in marine molluscs from the Moroccan coastal region

Mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis), clams (Venerupis decussatus) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) were sampled seasonally during 2004-2005, from different coastal environments of Morocco in order to measure their accumulated heavy metal concentrations. The concentrations of Hg and Pb were determined by AFS and ICP-MS methods, respectively, whilst the remaining metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Zn and Ni) were quantified by AAS. The soft tissue concentrations of the mussels were on average 7.2 mg kg(-1) (Cd), 9.6 mg kg(-1) (Pb), 0.6 mg kg(-1) (Hg), 26.8 mg kg(-1) (Cu), 8.8 mg kg(-1) (Cr), 292 mg kg(-1) (Zn), 20.8 mg kg(-1) (Mn) and 32.8 mg kg(-1) (Ni). The highest tissue heavy metal concentrations were recorded in the south from the industrial area of Jorf Lasfar. The relationships between metal concentration and season in each species showed very similar annual profiles with a peak observed around spring-summer. Statistical analysis indicated that different species showed different bioaccumulation of metals depending on study site and season.     

广州市报废机动车回收企业二次污染现状及污染防治对策

界定机动车维修、报废过程中产生的固体废物、废水、土壤污染为机动车二次污染,并通过实地调查、监测分析广州市12家定点报废汽车回收公司,开展机动车二次污染现状研究。研究表明,报废机动车回收过程中对资源化金属的回收利用成效较好,但对用途不大的部件随意渠道转移,对危险废物和严控废物未能较好处理;大多没有完善废水处理设施,废水直接排放;土壤多项特征污染物超标严重。针对广州市机动车二次污染现状,提出了加强法规建设、环境监控、行业管理、清洁生产等防治措施。     

我国南北方城市空气环境质量对比分析

依据国家环境监测部门公布的空气环境质量日报,对27个省会城市、4个直辖市城市的2004年-2006年空气质量数据进行分析。结果显示：我国城市空气污染指数（API）时空差异明显,冬、春季节API值高于夏季和秋季,北方城市的API均值高于南方城市;PM10是大气环境的主要污染物,作为首要污染物出现所占比例南、北方城市分别是66．64％和83．97％;SO2为首要污染物所占比例南、北方城市分别是7．28％和6．19％;北方城市平均Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级天数所占百分比之和为77．00％,重污染级天数所占比例达到1．02％;南方城市平均Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级天数所占百分比之和为87．24％,重污染天数所占百分比是0．04％;城市空气质量优、良天数呈增加趋势。     

噪声自动监测系统相关问题研究

总结了环境噪声人工监测方法的缺陷,然后从城市环境噪声数据的性质、噪声自动监测系统的物理构成、噪声监测子站的布设、噪声自动监测有效时间的确定这几个方面对噪声自动监测系统进行了相关问题的论述.     

珠江广州市区河段磷的迁移和分布的初步研究

研究了珠江广州市区河段黄沙－员村全程１３１００ｍ水域和底泥中不同形态磷的含量分布。并探讨磷在水体和底泥中的转移途径，为水污染的防治提供科学依据。     

氮氧化物的污染与治理方法

氮氧化物是大气的主要污染物之一,是治理大气污染的一大难题。本文介绍了氮氧化物的来源以及治理氮氧化物的主要方法,分析了这些方法处理氮氧化物的优点或缺点,并预测未来处理氮氧化物方法的发展趋势。     

珠江三角洲火电群SO2污染及防治对策研究

在已有的大气环境质量资料和污染源排放资料基础上，用建立的珠江三角洲空气污染数值模式，经验证，计算了珠江三角洲２０００年，２０１０年的电力工业的ＳＯ２污染和对３个污染防治对策方案进行了分析，认为只有采取适当的限制燃料含硫量和大型燃煤电厂烟气脱硫等防治措施，才能控制ＳＯ２污染加重的趋势。     

沈阳市丁香地区土壤重金属污染及生态风险评价

在丁香公园内设置5个点对土壤中的Cr、Hg、As、Cd、Pb进行含量分析,并用单因子指数法评价土壤污染程度,用Hakanson生态风险指数法对土壤潜在的生态风险进行评价。结果表明,丁香湖公园局部地区Hg、As、Cd超过GB15618-1995一级标准;从总的污染程度看,各污染物从大到小的顺序为:Cd>Hg>Pb>As>Cr,各点位从大到小顺序为:大转弯村>小韩村>丁香苗圃>丁香湖湖区>丁香园小区;从总的潜在生态危险程度看,各个点位的风险程度从高到低依次为:大转弯村>小韩村>丁香苗圃>丁香湖湖区>丁香园小区。     

渤海近岸水域环境污染状况分析

依据海洋环境质量公报,分析渤海近岸海域的环境现状、变化趋势、超标分布及污染源,说明影响渤海环境质量主要是陆源超标排放和水交换不畅。实施渤海环境治理具有紧迫性。渤海污染治理是个科学问题,应加强科技支撑作用。