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291.
V. L. Finkenstadt C.-K. Liu P. H. Cooke L. S. Liu J. L. Willett 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(1):19-26
Sorbitol and glycerol were used to plasticize sugar beet pulp-poly(lactic acid) green composites. The plasticizer was incorporated
into sugar beet pulp (SBP) at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% w/w at low temperature and shear and then compounded with poly(lactic
acid) (PLA) using twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. The SBP:PLA ratio was maintained at 30:70. As expected, tensile
strength decreased by 25% and the elongation increased. Acoustic emission (AE) showed correlated debonding and fracture mechanisms
for up to 20% w/w plasticizer and uncorrelated debonding and fracture for 30–40% sorbitol and 30% glycerol content in SBP–PLA
composites. All samples had a well dispersed SBP phase with some aggregation in the PLA matrix. However, at 40% glycerol plasticized
SBP–PLA composites exhibited unique AE behavior and confocal microscopy revealed the plasticized SBP and PLA formed a co-continuous
two phase system.
相似文献
V. L. FinkenstadtEmail: |
292.
John M. Onyari Francis Mulaa Joshua Muia Paul Shiundu 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(3):205-212
In this study, the biodegradation of PLA films using microorganisms from Lake Bogoria (Kenya) were investigated. The biodegradation
tests done using certain strains of thermophilic bacteria showed faster biodegradation rates and demonstrated temperature
dependency. The biodegradation of the PLA films was studied using Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) and light microscopy.
The biodegradation of PLA was demonstrated by decrease in molecular weight. The preparation and characterization of PLA/Gum
Arabic blends were also investigated using DSC, TGA, TMA and NMR. In summary, the results obtained in this research show that
PLA films undergo fast biodegradation using thermophiles isolated from Lake Bogoria. The PLA/GA blends studies show it is
possible to prepare films of varying hydrophobic–hydrophilic properties for various applications. 相似文献
293.
利用原生质体诱变技术筛选脱落酸高产菌株 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
以葡萄孢属TB-3菌株为出发菌株制备其原生质体.在纤维素酶浓度为20g/L,蜗牛酶浓度为3g/L的酶解系统中,25℃酶解3h,其原生质体制备数可达67×105mL-1,在KYM上的再生率为46.1%,在KPDA上的再生率为33.6%,经过3轮原生质体紫外线诱变后回复再生,及对大量再生突变株进行发酵筛选,获得高产稳定株TB-3H8,其发酵液中ABA的质量浓度可达1.4g/L 相似文献
294.
溶液中Al3 、Al-F和有机络合态铝(Al-OM的浓度随pH降低而增加,Al3 在总单核铝中所占比例随pH的降低而增加,而Al-F络合物呈相反的变化趋势.土壤中铝的溶解度与土壤中铝氧化物的结晶形态有关,处于较高纬度地区的土壤,由于铝氧化物的结晶形态较差,在相同pH下,其铝的溶解度较大.土壤溶液中有机络合态铝的浓度随温度升高而增加,在pH不变的情况下,土壤中无机铝的溶解量随温度降低而增加.随水土比增加,土壤溶液中Al3 、Al-F络合物和Al-OM浓度减小,但按每kg土计算的铝溶解量随水土比的增加而增加. 相似文献
295.
在模拟酸雨条件下土壤盐基离子淋溶特性研究的基础上,采用生成分分析及多元回归分析方法研究了土壤盐基淋溶的影响因子.结果表明,通过主成分分析方法可将选取的15个原始变量综合成为2个主成分,为进一步分析盐基释放量与土壤理化性质之间的关系提供了方便.影响盐基释放量的主要因子有土壤原始pH值、可交换性盐基含量、蒙脱石含量、活性氧化物、1.4nm矿物等,它们表现出效应,而高岭石和可交换性铝含量表现出负效应.利用主成分分析的结果进行多元回归分析,可得到土壤累积盐基释放量与2个主成分之间的回归方程. 相似文献
296.
Jasmonic acid treatment and mammalian herbivory differentially affect chemical defenses and growth of wild mustard (Brassica kaber) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary. Jasmonic acid (JA) is a wound-related hormone found in most plants that, when applied exogenously, can induce increases in
levels of chemical defenses in patterns similar to those induced by mechanical damage or insect feeding. Relative to responses
to insect and pathogen attack, chemical responses of herbaceous plants to mammalian herbivore attack have been little studied.
In a field experiment, we compared the effects of JA treatment and naturally occurring mammalian herbivory on the expression
of trypsin inhibitors, glucosinolates, peroxidase activity and growth of wild mustard (Brassica kaber). Exogenous JA significantly increased trypsin inhibitor activity and glucosinolate concentration, and moderately increased
peroxidase activity in the eighth true leaves of five-week-old plants, relative to untreated controls. In contrast, levels
of these chemical defenses in the eighth true leaves or in regrowth foliage of plants that had ∼80% of their leaf area removed
by groundhogs (Marmota monax) did not differ from that in undamaged and untreated controls. Although exogenous JA significantly elevated levels of chemical
defenses, it did not affect height of plants through the season and only slightly reduced time to first flower. Groundhog
herbivory significantly reduced height and delayed or abolished flowering, but these effects were not substantial unless coupled
with apical meristem removal. We hypothesize that the lack of effect of groundhog herbivory on chemical defenses may be due
in part to the speed and pattern of leaf area removal by groundhogs, or physiological constraints caused by leaf area loss.
Despite having no effect on chemical defense production, leaf area loss by groundhogs was more costly to growth and fitness
than the effects of JA application in this study, but only substantially so if coupled with apical meristem removal. We suggest
that in general, costs of defense production in plants are likely to be minimal when compared to the risk of losing large
amounts of leaf area or primary meristematic tissue. Thus, if they are effective at deterring herbivory, the benefits of inducible
defense production likely outweigh the costs in most cases.
Received 20 December 2000; accepted 3 May 2001 相似文献
297.
蒽醌染料中间体溴氨酸降解酶的特性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
从污染地分离筛选出的菌株BX26对蒽醌染料中间体溴氨酸有显著的降解脱色作用,降解过程受降解酶的控制,试验结果表明,降解酶为溴氨酸诱导的胞外酶,该酶在温度高于50℃处理后失活,盐度对该酶失活有影响,盐度高于1%会显著降低该酶活力,酶对溴氨酸的催化脱色要有氧参加,氮气气氛中酶活受抑制。 相似文献
298.
Corina Oldenburg Sudha Kanaujia Dieter Spiteller Neil J. Oldham Wilhelm Boland Karl-Ernst Kaissling 《Chemoecology》2001,11(4):183-190
Summary. Benzoic acid is a known stimulant of olfactory receptor cells in trichoid sensilla on the antennae of adult females of Bombyx mori. Exposure of freshly excised antennae, from B. mori females and males, to vapours of [14C]-benzoic acid revealed that the adsorbed acid is rapidly metabolized (15% conversion in 10 s), suggesting the presence of
a highly active enzymatic system. The major product could be identified as N-benzoylserine by use of [2H5]-benzoic acid, and mass spectrometry linked to a gas chromatograph (GC-MS) or a liquid chromatograph (LC-MS), for analysis
of the metabolites. The conjugation of benzoic acid with an amino acid apparently represents a novel mode for the rapid deactivation
of odorant molecules.
Received 26 March 2001. 相似文献
299.
以辽宁省最大的硫酸生产企业(辽西某锌厂)为研究对象,剖析了硫酸含汞问题的来源,论述了该厂原料、中间产品、最终产品、车间内外环境汞的污染状况。并论述了使用该厂硫酸的十大企业的中间产品、最终产品的含汞状况,给出了厂内外环境受汞污染的测定结果,研究表明含汞硫酸污染问题是急待解决的重要问题。 相似文献
300.
用等温平衡吸附法研究了柠檬酸、草酸对砂姜黑土和潮土氟吸附的影响 ,提出了有机酸影响氟吸附的可能机理。实验结果表明 ,有机酸对土壤氟吸附有较大的影响 :(1)当有机酸处于低浓度时 ,土壤氟吸附量随浓度升高而增加 ;高浓度时 ,土壤氟吸附量随有机酸浓度升高而降低 ;(2 )在有机酸存在条件下 ,土壤氟的吸附量与平衡氟浓度间呈极显著的直线正相关或负相关 相似文献