Prenatal diagnosis of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease: detection of proteolipid protein gene duplication by quantitative fluorescent multiplex PCR

A prenatal diagnosis of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) resulting from proteolipid protein gene (PLP) duplication was performed by a quantitative fluorescent multiplex PCR method. PLP gene copy number was determined in the proband, the pregnant mother, the male fetus and two aunts. Small amounts of genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood and from chorionic villi were used. The fetus, in common with the proband, was identified as PMD-affected being a carrier of the PLP gene duplication, inherited from the mother, while the two aunts were non-carriers. The data obtained were confirmed by segregation analysis of a PLP-associated dinucleotide-repeat polymorphism amplified by the same multiplex PCR. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

羧酸及其衍生物急性毒性的QSAR研究

基于定量结构-活性相关性(QSAR)原理,研究了27种羧酸及其衍生化合物结构与其急性毒性LC50之间的内在定量关系。应用遗传算法从大量结构参数中优化筛选出与LC50最为密切相关的五个参数作为分子描述符,得出影响羧酸及其衍生物急性毒性的主要结构特征为分子的大小及其空间效应等。分别采用支持向量机(SVM)方法和多元线性回归(MLR)方法建立了相应的QSAR预测模型,并对所建模型分别进行了内部验证和外部验证。结果表明,两种模型均具有较高的稳定性、预测能力及泛化性能。其中,支持向量机模型对训练集和预测集样本的预测平均绝对误差分别为0.149和0.211,优于多元线性回归方法所得结果。     

实时荧光定量PCR技术对氨氧化细菌的研究

传统的PCR技术只能实现对核酸的定性检测而无法对其进行定量研究。随着分子生物学技术的发展,在传统PCR技术的基础上发展起来的实时荧光定量PCR技术实现了对核酸的定量研究。该技术是向常规PCR反应体系中加入荧光染料或荧光探针,通过监测PCR反应过程中荧光信号的变化来实现对核酸的定量。实时荧光定量PCR技术具有应用范围广、灵敏度高、操作简单、工作量低等特点,在医学和微生物学领域已广泛地应用于疾病诊断、病毒定量检测、微生物群落结构分析及演替规律的研究。文章综述了该项技术的原理、特点及其在环境氨氧化细菌研究中的应用,同时也指出了该技术存在的问题及其发展应用前景。     

二级处理出水中肠道病毒的PCR检测研究

建立了二级处理出水中肠道病毒的巢式PCR检测方法。在2006年7月至2007年2月期间分别用第一次PCR和巢式PCR方法对西安市北石桥污水净化中心的二级处理出水中的肠道病毒进行了检测,两种检测方法的阳性率分别为12．5％和87．5％。另外,还对二级处理出水中的肠道病毒含量和温度、pH值等理化指标的关系作了分析。     

二噁英结构与正辛醇-水分配系数相关性的密度泛函理论

为精确描述二噁英分子的电子结构及其定量结构/性质相关关系(QSPRs),运用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-311G**水平上,分别对多氯二苯并对二噁英(PCDDs)和多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)进行了优化计算.相应量子化学参数,即平均分子极化率(α),熵(S),极化率和四极矩的张量分量(αxx,αyy,αzz和Qxx,Qyy,Qzz)用于该类化合物辛醇-水分配系数的QSPR研究,构建了2个单变量和1个双变量模型,其决定系数R2分别为0.962、0.950和0.951;其显著性检验因子F分别为509.759、379.498和186.234.PCDD/Fs在辛醇相-水相间的分配性质主要与分子体积因素有关,而电性因素的影响较小;不同模型预测值间的差异与模型中预测变量本身性质和实验值的有限性有关.经比较,本研究中所建立的3个QSPRs模型尽管只有1个或2个变量,但其结果与复杂的偏最小二乘分析(PLS)相近.     

Quantitative analysis of CO2 embodiment in international trade: An overview of emerging literatures

The increasing volume of CO₂ embodiment in international trade adds a layer of complexity to environmental policies and has raised arguments on the traditional production based responsibility for CO₂ emissions. In order to help understand the quantity of CO₂ embodiment in trade and its policy implications, this paper gives observations to recently emerging literatures that quantitatively discuss CO₂ embodiment in trade. The analytical approaches share the principle of using input and output modeling but vary dramatically in study boundary and estimation accuracy. The calculations can be roughly categorized into three types: direct quantification of CO₂ embodiments in multiregional trade, direct quantification of CO₂ embodiment in bilateral trade, and indirect analysis by comparing the scenarios with or without trade. The practical estimations strongly rely on trade partner selection and data availability. An obvious imbalance of net CO₂ embodiment in the commodity trade between major developed countries and developing economies as a whole was confirmed by these literatures. Carbon taxes and other possible limitations on CO₂ emissions have been addressed. The consistency across the calculations could be enhanced by systematic analyses in more detail to convince the international community to take binding commitments for the reduction of global CO₂ emissions.     

河北海域荧光法测定叶绿素含量周年季节分层分布

2006～2007年春夏秋冬在河北海域进行了四个航次分层叶绿素a调查,结果表明:春季(4月),全海域表层叶绿素a平均值为0.65 mg/m~3(0.12～2.69 mg/m~3),中层为1.02 mg/m~3(0.08～3.47 mg/m~3),底层为1.03 mg/m~3(0.12～5.05 mg/m~3);夏季(7月),全海域表层叶绿素a平均值为3.45 mg/m~3(0.63～11.28 mg/m~3),中层为3.40 mg/m~3(0.88～11.50 mg/m~3),底层为3.37 mg/m~3(1.00～11.39 mg/m~3);秋季(10月),全海域表层叶绿素a平均值为5.83 mg/m~3(1.80～13.50 mg/m~3),中层为4.54± 3.33 mg/m~3(1.60～12.80 mg/m~3),底层为5.40 mg/m~3 (2.50～12.70 mg/m~3);冬季(11月),全海域表层叶绿素a平均值为1.21 mg/m~3 (0.47～7.79 mg/m~3),中层为0.79 mg/m~3 (0.47～1.41 mg/m~3),底层为0.86 mg/m~3(0.39～1.93 mg/m~3).总体趋势是春季唐山外部海域叶绿素a浓度较高,夏季秦皇岛和黄骅近岸海域叶绿素a浓度较高,秋季秦皇岛近岸海域叶绿素a浓度较高,冬季唐山近岸海域叶绿素a浓度较高.     

Enteric Viruses in a Large Waterborne Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis in Finland

In Nokia city about 450,000 l of treated sewage water was for 2 days allowed to run into the drinking water supplies of the city due to a personal error of one employee. Within the next 5 weeks about 1,000 people sought care at the municipal health centre or regional hospital because of gastroenteritis. Here we report the results of viral analyses performed by gene amplification assays from the earliest water and sewage samples as well as from close to 300 patient samples. The contaminating treated sewage was shown to harbour several enteric viruses known to cause acute gastroenteritis. Likewise, the drinking water sample was positive for noro-, astro-, rota-, entero- and adenoviruses. Noroviruses were also found in 29.8% of stool samples from affected patients, while astro-, adeno-, rota- and enteroviruses were detected in 19.7, 18.2, 7.5 and 3.7% of the specimens, respectively. An erratum to this article can be found at