Loss of ozone on sulfate and sulfide doped-ice surfaces

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缺氧环境下无定形FeS对六六六的转化动力学

采用批处理实验方法，在缺氧还原的环境下对无定形FeS转化六六六的动力学进行了研究。结果表明，无定形FeS水溶液体系（pH值8.30)可以将六六六的γ-异构体-林丹转化为低氯化合物三氯苯，二氯苯和氯苯，并且产物的形成有异构体选择性；检测到的中间产物为五氯环己烯，四氯环已烯和二氯环已二烯。并提出相应的转化路径和反应机理。以说明溶液中的动态变化过程，反应动力学遵从准一级速率反应。反应机理推测为去氯化氢反应和双氯消除反应。     

Indoor Air Quality at Salarjung Museum, Hyderabad, India

Deterioration of art objects at Salarjung Museum has been noticed such as blackening of white and pink pigments of Indian miniature paintings and other objects like pigments, paints, varnishes, coatings, silver ware, zari works, textiles, which are displayed in museum galleries. The cause of deterioration of the artifacts is attributed to air pollution. The outdoor air pollution levels with respect to suspended particulate matter, sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, ammonia, aldehydes and oxidants are observed to be high when compared with background environment and ambient air quality standards for sensitive areas. The indoor air quality levels in terms of various parameters including temperature and relative humidity (RH) observed to be more than the threshold limits. The climatic conditions coupled with polluted indoor air are the main causes for the deterioration of art objects. Hence remedial measures are suggested to avoid further deterioration of objects.     

水中硫化氢的溶解规律

对气体在水中的溶解机制进行了分析，并结合实验数据导出了硫化氢在水中溶解度的预测公式，该预测公式准确度较高，其平均绝对误差及平均相对误差分别为０．０２６ｇ／Ｌ和０．０６２％．     

天然气中的硫资源及其开发

天然气中的硫化氢(H_2S)是硫的重要资源,许多国家都很重视从含硫天然气中回收硫。我国天然气中普遍含 H_2S,而 H_2S 为剧毒气体,对人体有害,对设备有强烈的腐蚀作用,易堵塞采油气管柱和气层,故开采含硫天然气有别于一般的天然气,在钻井、采气、集输、净化和加工方面均有其特殊性。随着天然气工业的高速发展,含硫气藏愈来愈多,因此研究天然气中硫资源的特点及其开发技术具有现实意义。     

硫化氢中毒的机制及其防治

本文综述了1958～1989年间对硫化氢中毒的研究成果。硫化氢是广泛存在于自然环境及某些工作场所的无色剧毒气体,其主要中毒机制是抑制细胞色素氧化酶,中断细胞的有氧氧化。预防性给予亚硝酸盐可减轻中毒症状,但对其中毒尚无有效的解毒剂。     

复合生物滤池处理H2S和NH3的挂膜与工艺条件

采用复合生物滤池(生物滴滤池 生物过滤池)处理H2S和NH3组成的混合恶臭气体,填料分别为经表面改性的天然斜发沸石和木屑.实验研究了该工艺的驯化挂膜情况和主要工艺条件,结果表明,天然斜发沸石和木屑改性后,驯化挂膜周期为10～14 d,比文献中颗粒活性炭挂膜缩短14～18 d.复合生物滤池的最佳工艺条件为:高度120 cm,循环液流量4.56 L/h.同时,生物滴滤池处理水溶性好的NH3气体效果较生物过滤池好,而生物过滤池处理水溶性差的H2S气体较生物滴滤池好.因此,复合生物滤池可用于处理不同水溶性的混合恶臭气体.     

采用碘量法测定硫化物中值得注意的几个问题

针对碘量法测定水样中硫化物含量时硫离子具有较强的还原性，对测定结果影响较大的问题，提出了为减少测定误差采取的一些措施。     

Reduced graphene oxide-nano zero value iron (rGO-nZVI) micro-electrolysis accelerating Cr(VI) removal in aquifer

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) assembled on graphene oxide (GO) (rGO-nZVI) composites were synthesized by reduction of GO and ferrous ions with potassium borohydride, for use in Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution. The results showed that the two-dimensional structure of GO could provide a skeleton support for Fe⁰, thus overcoming the bottleneck of aggregation for nZVI. Also, rGO-nZVI would form a ferric-carbon micro-electrolysis system in Cr(VI)-contaminated aquifers, enhancing and accelerating electron transfer, exhibiting high rate and capacity for Cr(VI) removal. The optimum dosage of the applied rGO-nZVI was linearly correlated with the initial Cr(VI) concentration. Characterization of rGO-nZVI before and after reaction with Cr(VI) revealed the process of Cr(VI) removal: rGO-nZVI firstly transferred electrons from Fe⁰ cores via their Fe(II)/Fe(III) shells to the GO sheet; there, negatively charged Cr(VI) received electrons and changed into positively charged Cr(III), which was adsorbed by the negatively charged GO sheet, avoiding the capping and passivating of nZVI. rGO-nZVI formed a good electrically conductive network, and thus had long-term electron releasing properties, which was important for groundwater remediation.     

Adsorption of VOCs on reduced graphene oxide

A modified Hummer's method was adopted for the synthesis of graphene oxide(GO) and reduced graphene oxide(rGO). It was revealed that the modified method is effective for the production of GO and rGO from graphite. Transmission electron microscopy(TEM) images of GO and rGO showed a sheet-like morphology. Because of the presence of oxygenated functional groups on the carbon surface, the interlayer spacing of the prepared GO was higher than that of rGO. The presence of \OH and C_O groups in the Fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR) spectrum and G-mode and 2D-mode in Raman spectra confirmed the synthesis of GO and rGO. rGO(292.6 m~2/g) showed higher surface area than that of GO(236.4 m~2/g). The prepared rGO was used as an adsorbent for benzene and toluene(model pollutants of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)) under dynamic adsorption/desorption conditions. rGO showed higher adsorption capacity and breakthrough times than GO. The adsorption capacity of rGO for benzene and toluene was 276.4 and 304.4 mg/g, respectively.Desorption experiments showed that the spent rGO can be successfully regenerated by heating at 150.0°C. Its excellent adsorption/desorption performance for benzene and toluene makes rGO a potential adsorbent for VOC adsorption.