基于SEM的医院安全脆弱性研究

为准确衡量医院的安全水平,分析医院安全脆弱性影响因素及其关系,首先提炼出基于4个指标,26个因子的医院安全脆弱性概念模型;然后选取10家三甲医院的200名中高层管理者发放问卷,采用SPSS21.0软件对模型进行影响因子验证和修正;最后运用SEM方法,得到指标对医院安全脆弱性的影响路径系数。研究结果表明:人员安全类对医院安全脆弱性影响最大;其次是技术安全类、自然灾害类的脆弱性;另外,4大类脆弱性因素具有直接或间接的影响;医院管理者可以通过加强人员安全培训和管理,提升技术安全措施,预防自然灾害,减少医院安全事故的发生。     

安全诚信管理对安全行为的影响研究—以煤矿企业为例

为了分析煤矿安全诚信管理与安全行为的关系,建立煤矿安全诚信管理与安全行为的结构方程模型,利用问卷调查的方法在2个煤矿开展研究。研究结论表明:安全诚信文化对员工行为态度和安全意识具有正向影响;管理制度建设对员工行为态度和员工安全意识具有正向影响;教育与培训对员工行为态度和员工安全意识具有正向影响;员工安全意识对安全行为具有正向影响;煤矿安全诚信管理通过影响行为态度、安全意识和主观规范作用于安全行为。     

基于多群组SEM的有感领导对群体不安全行为影响研究

为了研究有感领导对建筑施工不同经验工人群体不安全行为的影响,采用问卷调查方法,以群体安全氛围为中介变量,建立了多群组结构方程模型(SEM),并运用AMOS软件分析了有感领导核心四要素(能见度、关系、对工作团体的投入、主动管理)对群体不安全行为的影响及路径系数。结果表明:有感领导对经验缺乏的新工人群体的影响均大于老工人群体;对新工人群体,能见度和主动管理对其不安全行为影响较大,路径系数分别为0.654和0.639;而对老工人群体,关系和对工作团体的投入对其影响较大,路径系数分别为0.577和0.561。因此,在实施有感领导管理时,面对不同经验工人群体,应该因人而宜,以实现更加有效的管理。     

C3降解长链烷烃的条件优化及其机理研究

以正十六烷无机盐培养基为选择培养基,从武汉石化输油管附近土壤中筛选出了1株高效降解长链烷烃的菌株C3。采用摇瓶实验,研究了菌株C3降解正十六烷的降解条件、降解动力学及降解机理。菌株C3降解正十六烷的最适宜条件为温度35℃、初始p H=7、摇床转速150 r/min。动力学研究显示,在底物质量浓度为1 000 mg/L时,其降解动力学拟合结果符合Monod方程,半饱和常数Ks=609.8 mg/L,最大降解速率v_(max)=62.1mg/(L·h)。对C3降解正十六烷产物进行红外光谱及GC/MS分析,推测该降解方式为末端氧化。     

The role of burnout syndrome as a mediator for the effect of psychosocial risk factors on the intensity of musculoskeletal disorders: a structural equation modeling approach

This study examined the hypothesis that burnout syndrome mediates effects of psychosocial risk factors and intensity of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among hospital nurses. The sample was composed of 415 nurses from various wards across five hospitals of Iran's Hamedan University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through three questionnaires: job content questionnaire, Maslach burnout inventory and visual analogue scale. Results of structural equation modeling with a mediating effect showed that psychosocial risk factors were significantly related to changes in burnout, which in turn affects intensity of MSDs.     

Epidemiological and biomechanical evaluation of airline baggage handling

Objectives. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are prevalent among airline baggage handlers due to manual materials handling. In this study, the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ), the revised National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) lifting equation, and the University of Michigan 3D Static Strength Prediction Program? (3DSSPP) were used to analyze MSDs among baggage handlers. Methods. The NMQ was filled out by 209 baggage handlers and 46 arbitrarily selected baggage handlers were evaluated using the NIOSH method and 3DSSPP. Results. The obtained results showed that the most common MSDs occurred in the lower back region. The next risky regions included knees, neck, and upper back, respectively. The NIOSH results confirmed that the subjects lifted loads heavier than the permitted limit and their lifting postures were inappropriate. The results of the 3DSSPP also indicated that compression forces exceeded the NIOSH limit in these awkward postures. Conclusions. Relying on this study, holding compulsory ergonomic lifting training courses could be proposed for workers and regulations adjusting an upper limit for maximum baggage weight must be also enacted in order to improve occupational health and prevent the prevalence of increasing MSDs.     

Transition to large-scale organic vegetable production in the Salinas Valley, California

Studying the management strategies suited to large-scale organic production, particularly during the mandated 3-year transition period from conventional management, is a unique research challenge. Organic production traditionally relies on small, diverse plantings and complex management responses to cope with soil fertility and pest pressures, so research should represent decision-making options of an organic grower at the farm scale. This study analyzes crop, soil, pest and management changes during the organic transition period on two ranches (40 and 47 ha) in the Salinas Valley, California in cooperation with a large conventional vegetable producer, Tanimura and Antle, Inc. Permanent transects were established across the two ranches at the onset of adoption of organic practices, and soil and plants were sampled at harvest of almost all crops, while all management operations were recorded by the co-operator. The 10 ha blocks were divided into many small plantings, and 17 different cash crop and cover crop species were planted during the transition period. Management inputs consisted of a range of organic fertilizers and amendments, sprinkler and drip irrigation, cultivation and hand-hoeing, and several types of organic pesticides. Results from the 3-year period followed these general trends: increase in soil biological indicators (microbial biomass and arbuscular mycorrhizae), low soil nitrate pools, adequate crop nutrients, minor disease and weed problems, and sporadic mild insect damage. Multivariate statistical analyses indicated that some crops and cultivars consistently produced higher yields than others, relative to the maximum yield for a given crop. Multi-factor contingency tables showed clear differences in insect and disease damage between crop taxa. Although Tanimura and Antle, Inc. used some of the principles of organic farming (e.g., crop diversity, crop rotation, and organic matter (OM) management), they also relied on substitution-based management, such as fertigation with soluble nutrients, initially heavy applications of organic pesticides, and use of inputs derived from off-farm sources. Their initial production of a large number of crop taxa in small plantings at staggered intervals proved to be an effective strategy for avoiding risks from low yields or crop failure and allowed them to move towards a smaller number of select, successful crops towards the end of the transition. This study demonstrates the feasibility of large-scale producers to transition to organic practices in a manner that was conducive to both production goals and environmental quality, i.e., increased soil C pools, low soil nitrate, and absence of synthetic pesticides.     

聚丙烯酸-聚偏氟乙烯共混膜对Cu^2＋吸附特性的研究

应用热诱导聚合和相转移技术,制备了具有离子交换性能的聚丙烯酸-聚偏氟乙烯（PAA—PVDF）共混膜,采用XPS和SEM表征了PAA—PVDF共混膜的结构和组成,分析了PAA—PVDF共混膜对水溶液中Cu^2＋的吸附性能,研究了共混膜对Cu^2＋的吸附热力学和吸附动力学．结果表明,动力学吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,等温吸附过程符合Langmuir模型．吸附过程的平均吸附能为8—16kJ／mol,表明该吸附过程为离子交换反应．热力学参数△G^0〈0、△H^0〉0、△S^0〉0,证实了吸附过程为自发的吸热过程。PAA—PVDF共混膜经吸附／脱附4次循环后,对废水中Cu^2＋的吸附量大于0．025mg／cm^2,脱附率超过95％。PAA—PVDF共混膜具有优良的吸附／脱附性能,良好的稳定性和潜在的应用前号。     

2—氨基—5—萘酚—7—磺酸生产废液的资源回用工艺研究

本文应用有机胺的离子缔合萃取作用回收了２－氨基－５－萘酚－７－磺酸生产废液中的９８％以上的有用成分，结果可从号产品吕废液中获取５７２３元的净效益，实现了治理资源回收的双重目的。从萃取体系的特性及其影响因素入手，深入研究了萃取剂浓度，待萃物含量及萃取效率的关系，建立了萃取体系的等温方程：１／Ｘ／Ｍ＝７．１９＋３１２．９１／Ｃ，ｒ＝０．９９９７。     

Static modeling of dynamic recreation behavior: Implications for prediction and welfare estimation

This paper examines the consequences of using a static model of recreation trip-taking behavior when the underlying decision problem is dynamic. Specifically we examine the implications for trip forecasting and welfare estimation using a panel dataset of Lake Michigan salmon anglers for the 1996 and 1997 fishing seasons. We derive and estimate both a structural dynamic model using Bellman's equation, and a reduced-form static model with trip probability expressions mimicking those of the dynamic model. We illustrate an inherent identification problem in the reduced-form model that creates biased welfare estimates, and we discuss the general implications of this for the interpretation of preference parameters in static models. We then use both models to simulate trip taking behavior and show that although their in-sample trip forecasts are similar, their welfare estimates and out-of-sample forecasts are quite different.