Water purification with sintered porous materials fabricated at 400℃ from sea bottom sediments

A sintering technology for preparing porous materials from sea bottom sediments was developed for use in water purification. The purpose of the present study was to develop methods for converting the sea bottom sediments dredged from Ago Bay into value-added recycled products. The sintered products fabricated at 400℃ were found to be very effective adsorbents for the removal of heavy metals.     

纳米TiO_2在环境应用方面的研究进展

纳米TiO2具有很强的光催化活性,在环境保护领域有广阔的应用前景。文章综述了纳米TiO2的制备方法和纳米TiO2改性的研究进展以及在环境保护中的应用,并提出今后的研究方向。     

Superior CO2 uptake on nitrogen doped carbonaceous adsorbents from commercial phenolic resin

In this study, N-doped porous carbons were produced with commercial phenolic resin as the raw material, urea as the nitrogen source and KOH as the activation agent. Different from conventional carbonization-nitriding-activation three-step method, a facile two-step process was explored to produce N-incorporated porous carbons. The as-obtained adsorbents hold superior CO₂ uptake, i.e. 5.01 and 7.47 mmol/g at 25?°C and 0?°C under 1 bar, respectively. The synergistic effects of N species on the surface and narrow micropores of the adsorbents decide their CO₂ uptake under 25?°C and atmospheric pressure. These phenolic resin-derived adsorbents also possess many extremely promising CO₂ adsorption features like good recyclability, quick adsorption kinetics, modest heat of adsorption, great selectivity of CO₂ over N₂ and outstanding dynamic adsorption capacity. Cheap precursor, easy preparation strategy and excellent CO₂ adsorption properties make these phenolic resin-derived N-doped carbonaceous adsorbents highly promising in CO₂ capture.     

磁性共价有机框架的制备方法研究

磁性共价有机框架（magnetic covalent organic framework,MCOFs）是一种新型多孔结晶有机框架材料,由于其结合了磁性纳米颗粒和共价有机框架（covalent organic frameworks,COFs）的优点,具有比表面积大、热稳定性和化学稳定性良好、饱和磁化强度高等特点,能够快速实现污染物与溶液的分离,弥补了COFs难以分离和回收的缺点,因此在磁性固相萃取、生物检测、传感等方面具有巨大的潜在应用.然而关于MCOFs制备方法的文章鲜见报道,其制备方法根据磁性纳米颗粒与COFs不同的连接形式而不尽相同,根据2011—2019年关于MCOFs的重要文献,综述了目前MCOFs的制备方法,包括包覆法、单体聚合法及原位合成法等,指出了不同制备方法的优缺点,同时探讨了MCOFs今后的发展方向和潜在应用,希望能够为MCOFs研究提供理论依据.包覆法制备条件较温和,保存了磁性纳米颗粒的完整性,是最为广泛应用的一种策略方法;单体聚合法操作简单,但制备条件苛刻,可控性不强;原位合成法制备MCOFs更多依赖于单体聚合法制备的共价三嗪骨架,需要不断开发基于其他类型COFs的MCOFs制备条件.今后MCOFs的制备方法应从材料设计多样性、应用广泛性等方面进行考虑,并向有望实现大规模工业应用方面发展.      

用铁泥制备高效无机絮凝剂聚硅酸铁及其絮凝性能研究

研究了以铁泥、硅酸钠为原料，制备高效絮凝剂聚硅酸铁（PSF）的方法，确定了合理的生产工艺和操作条件。并对絮凝剂PSF处理工业废水的絮凝性能进行了研究，探讨了PSF处理工业废水的反应机理。结果表明，PSF具有良好的絮凝性能，是一种比聚合硫酸铁（PFS）性能更优良的絮凝剂。     

关于环境监测报告(表)中有关数字表达问题的探讨

对环境质量公报中的数字表达时数位太多，不利于简明扼要地表达各类监测结果这一问题进行了探讨，笔者根据国家标准在数字用法方面的一些规定结合环境监测实际情况，提出了如下建议：化验室等原始记录中分析结果的数字表达应根据具体监测项目规定的标准分析方法的检测限所规定的数字精度来表达，而在报出结果时应根据各分析项目的质量标准指标确定的表达方式（关键是有效数字的位数）来表达。     

低贵金属含稀土复合型汽车排气净化催化剂研究

研究了３种低钯含稀土复合型汽车排气净化催化剂的制备工艺条件、活性和热稳定性。结果表明：所研制的催化剂对ＣＯ、ＨＣ的起燃温度分别在１８２℃～２１０℃之间；完全氧化温度在２３０℃～２５０℃之间。具有起燃温度低、活性高的特性。高温处理后，Ｔ５０％和Ｔ１００％仅上升了８℃～２４℃，说明热稳定性良好。少量贵金属Ｐｄ分浸法以及在活性氧化铝涂层上使用无机胶粘剂的制备工艺能提高催化剂的热稳定性     

An improved method of direct chromosome preparation from chorionic villus and high resolution banding technique

The trophoblast was dissociated from the underlying mesenchymal layer either with acetic acid after short-term prefixation or with mechanical power after fixation twice. The colcemid treatment time was shorted to 16 min and trypsin solution of low pH (6.2) was used for banding. By these steps, the quality of chromosome banding was greatly improved and complete standard chromosome diagnoses were made in 24 of 24 cases. With the modified technique, high resolution banding chromosomes were consistently obtained after short-term incubation.     

应急演练准备设计基本要求及实现

针对应急演练准备的目标、任务及其实现问题,从演练需求分析入手,以演练策划设计、演练管理架构搭建、演练设计文件编制及演练现场准备为要点,深入剖析演练相关情景设置、要素匹配、统筹协调、模拟处置、现场布局等各项演练准备的内容要点及方式方法,总结提炼演练准备设计基本路径,并以所承担C县食物中毒事件应急演练设计验证其可行性。本研究廓清了突发事件应急演练准备设计基本要求及其实现路径,对切实增强演练管理的科学性、规范性和高效性提供了借鉴参考。     

木质素基聚合物的制备及亚甲基蓝的吸附

以木质素磺酸钠为原料单体、环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,采用反相乳液聚合法制备了木质素磺酸钠交联聚合物(SLCP),并将其用于水中有机染料的吸附。表征结果显示:SLCP基本保留了木质素磺酸钠的骨架和官能团,具有良好的热稳定性。实验结果表明:SLCP对亚甲基蓝(MB)有较好的吸附选择性,在加入量为0.5 g/L时就有较高的吸附效率;在溶液p H2~6范围内吸附量随溶液p H增大而迅速提高,溶液p H6后吸附量趋于稳定;最佳吸附温度为35℃;在SLCP加入量0.5 g/L、溶液p H 6.5、吸附温度25℃、初始MB质量浓度100.5 mg/L的条件下,吸附150 min基本可达平衡,吸附平衡时的吸附量和MB去除率分别为191.2 mg/g和95.1%;SLCP对MB的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,吸附动力学符合Lagergren拟二级动力学方程。