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101.
102.
R. Barna Z. Rethy Y. Perrodin P. Moszkowicz L. Tiruta-Barna 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2000,20(8)
The reuse of waste materials requires the development of assessment methods for the long-term release of pollutants (source term) from wastes (or materials containing wastes) in contact with water. These methods depend on the scenario conditions: characteristics of the materials (especially physical structure and composition), contact with water… The scenario studied here is a water storage reservoir for fire extinguishing. The reservoir construction is made of a mixture of hydraulic binders and air pollution control (APC) residues from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI). The modelling of the source term is performed in five steps ranging from the physico-chemical characterisation of the material to the validation of the proposed model by means of field simulation devices. This paper follows a first publication on source term modelling using laboratory tests which therefore concerns the comparison of the results obtained with the previously established model. The first laboratory scale simulation test aims at taking into account the role of the leachate carbonation in the leaching behaviour of the studied material. The results obtained show that air carbonation of the leachate does not fundamentally change mass transfer mechanisms of easily soluble species (especially for alkaline metals). For these species, the use of the apparent diffusional model (model proposed in the previous paper) is, therefore, at first, a satisfactory solution for the prediction of long term leaching behaviour. The field scale test enables us to validate and calibrate the release model determined on a laboratory scale basis. 相似文献
103.
发展循环经济促进可持续发展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
钱易 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2006,16(2):1-5
循环经济是应用生态学指导的反馈式物质流程,其原则是减量化、再利用、再循环。发展循环经济在企业中主要是清洁生产;在产业区中主要是建设工业生态园区;在城市中是建立循环经济系统。循环经济是经济、社会、环境的“三赢”经济。发展循环经济需要法规、政策、科技支持。我国公布了发展循环经济的有关政策及重点行业、重点省市、重点工业园区,以加快发展循环经济,促进可持续发展。 相似文献
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Melidis P Akratos CS Tsihrintzis VA Trikilidou E 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,127(1-3):15-27
Thirteen field campaigns were undertaken in the period from December 2, 2002 until September 1, 2004 to collect water samples
in order to characterize the quality of rainfall and roof drainage in the city of Xanthi, a typical provincial city in Greece.
In each campaign, water samples were collected from 10 representative sites in the city (in total 130 samples), representing
areas of distinct land use and human activities (i.e., traffic volume, residence density and industrial activity). The water
samples were analyzed according to drinking water criteria for total coliform (not detected), temperature (range: 0.9–20°C),
pH (range: 3.6–11.4), alkalinity (range: 0–21.5 mg CaCO3/L), nitrate (range: 0–2456 μg/L), ammonium (range: 0–2628 μg/L), sulfate (range: 0–0.5 mg/L), calcium (range: 259.1–3064
μeq/L), magnesium (range: 0.8–488.8 μeq/L), potassium (range: 0.0–110.6 μeq/L) and dissolved heavy metals (Fe, range: 0.01–0.18
mg/L; Mn, range: 0.01–0.09 mg/L; Zn, range: 0.01–0.54 mg/L; Cu, Cr and Ni, not detected). Pollutant concentrations were generally
higher in roof drainage than in rainwater, but both were lower than drinking water standards. Dissolved heavy metal concentrations
were generally higher in the areas of intensive human activities, such as roads with high traffic volume and densely populated
residential areas. The satisfactory quality of rainwater, which results from this analysis, makes its use as grey water possible. 相似文献
107.
强化活性炭吸附技术深度处理焦化废水的可行性研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用混凝沉淀、活性炭吸附以及混凝沉淀 活性炭吸附工艺对焦化厂生化出水进行深度处理.单独混凝沉淀或活性炭吸附均可以将水样中COD降到100 mg/L以下,达到国家污水一级排放标准和冷却用水建议标准.活性炭根据不同的材质和进水而表现出不同的吸附性能,对于焦化厂生化出水,煤质炭Ⅰ和果壳炭均表现出良好的吸附效果,并使出水COD<100 mg/L,但处理成本较高.混凝沉淀 活性炭吸附工艺充分发挥适合去除大分子污染物的混凝沉淀与适宜去除小分子污染物的活性炭吸附技术两者的协同增效作用,吸附单元采用廉价的煤质炭,使出水水质达到个别生产或生活用水回用标准,并且降低深度处理成本.研究结果表明,混凝沉淀 活性炭吸附作为焦化厂生化出水回用工艺是经济可行的. 相似文献
108.
There is currently a lack of access to affordable sanitation in urban areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluated the potential for resource recovery from innovative faecal sludge treatment processes to generate a profit that could help sustain the sanitation service chain. A total of 242 interviews were conducted in Accra, Ghana; Dakar, Senegal; and Kampala, Uganda to compare markets in different cultural and regional contexts. Products identified to have potential market value include dry sludge as a fuel for combustion, biogas from anaerobic digestion, protein derived from sludge processing as animal feed, sludge as a component in building materials, and sludge as a soil conditioner. The market demand and potential revenue varied from city to city based on factors such as sludge characteristics, existing markets, local and regional industrial sectors, subsidies, and locally available materials. Use as a soil conditioner, which has been the most common end use of treated sludge, was not as profitable as other end uses. These findings should help policy and decision makers of sanitation service provision to design financially viable management systems based on resource recovery options. 相似文献