净水厂生产废水回用对供水水质的影响

通过研究生产废水回用对水质的影响,认为生产废水含固率是影响回用效果的重要评价指标,回用澄清池排泥水和滤池反冲洗水,对水质的影响规律相似.改善混凝条件的最佳含固率范围也是回用对水质影响最小的含固率范围.当含固率小于1%时,回用不会对水质造成影响,当含固率大于1%时,回用较无回用时的水质变差,但不会超过水质标准.回用生产废水可以提高有机物的去除率,主要是因为生产废水中含有的Al(OH)3沉淀物的物理吸附和卷扫絮凝功能.     

Moving up the waste hierarchy: Car boot sales,reuse exchange and the challenges of consumer culture to waste prevention

Moving up the waste hierarchy is a key priority for UK waste policy. Waste prevention requires policy interventions to promote reuse. The term ‘reuse exchange’ has been adopted by UK policy makers to describe a variety of second-hand trading outlets including car boot sales, charity shops and online exchange sites. As waste policy is based on tonnage diverted from disposal (or landfill), policy interventions to promote reuse exchange will be based on the weight of goods estimated to be flowing through these sites. This paper uses a combination of field survey data and scale-up estimation to quantify and characterise the weight of goods exchanged at car boot sales in England in 2012. This is estimated at 50–60 000 tonnes per annum. The paper emphasises that movement up the waste hierarchy brings waste policy into closer contact with household consumption practices. It draws on qualitative research to show that, for participants, car boot sales are not associated with waste prevention. Instead, car boot sales rely on stocks of surplus household goods and exemplify the culture of thrift, which enables more, not less, consumption. The paper shows the collision between the social values that inform thrift and the environmental values that underpin reuse; and it argues that the policy goal of enhanced recovery for reuse might best be achieved by working with consumer culture. Two ways of achieving this are suggested: interventions that make it easier for consumers to do the right thing, through promoting opportunities for the circulation of stocks of surplus goods, for example, through increasing the frequency of car boot sales; and interventions which recognise that car boot sales also generate waste, which could be recovered for reuse.     

萃取—汽提法处理硝基苯废水的研究

先用苯萃取使废水中硝莽本的浓度达３ｐｐｍ以下，再用水蒸气汽提使废水中的苯浓度达１０ｐｐｍ以下，并使硝基苯浓度进一步降低，处理后的废水全面达到国家二级排放标准。苯和萃取出的硝基苯都可回收利用．。     

Industrial ecology: engineered representation of sustainability

Industrial ecology is a relatively new field of research and academic study and is well established in North America and in several Asian countries. However, it has not yet received the attention it deserves in some other important parts of the industrialized world, including Germany. This paper may contribute to a better appreciation of industrial ecology as a tool in the process of sustainable development of economies, social systems, and of aquatic and terrestrial biotopes under the pressure of rapidly changing conditions triggered by global warming and urban growth. For this reason, methods are needed to quantify the successful application of industrial ecology measures. The “Integrated Sustainability Triangle” is introduced as a promising new possibility of quantification and monitoring. It enables justification of the contributions industrial ecology can make to sustainable development. The aggregation of individual economic contributions is assumed to create an overall impetus to the entire industrial sector including the sector of environmental engineering. Thus, the potential of industrial ecology is discussed from the macro-economic and the engineering perspective using the concept of sustainable development as a guiding principle. But the authors come to the conclusion that finding solutions to the pressing problems of our time requires more than collaboration of economy and engineering. It requires joint efforts of the whole spectrum of scientific disciplines in close collaboration with industrial and political stakeholders.     

Business frameworks for sustainable society: a case study on reuse industries in Japan

This paper presents a new perspective on the reuse businesses of independent reuse business companies (IRBCs) in Japan. A majority of previous studies on reuse and remanufacturing have focused on the businesses of original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). During the past twenty years, however, in Japan, IRBCs have grown rapidly, especially those that launched new types of secondhand shops. The author proposes that the reuse businesses of IRBCs can provide useful information for academics, OEMs, and policy makers. A key finding is the strategies developed by IRBCs to ensure the volume of used products collected and to stimulate demand for used products. This paper compares the features of IRBC reuse businesses with those of OEMs, and discussed the results and implications of an interview survey with select IRBCs.     

通辽市污水排放现状调研及污灌的可行性分析

利用经过处理的污水进行农田灌溉,是缓解农业灌溉水资源短缺的重要战略之一。通过对通辽地区近年来污水排放情况,再生水灌溉现状以及用于再生水灌溉的水质进行调查和分析,提出了通辽市再生水灌溉农田的可行性,并进行了相关的经济效益和生态环境效益分析。     

平板陶瓷膜深度处理石化废水试验研究

采用平板陶瓷膜中试装置处理石化废水,分析了处理效果与膜污染情况,获得了平板陶瓷膜稳定运行条件下的工艺参数。结果表明:在COD为50~100 mg/L、浊度为2~11 NTU的进水条件下,平板陶瓷膜出水COD与浊度分别为20~42 mg/L和0.05~0.2 NTU,与双层过滤器+中空纤维超滤工艺出水水质较为接近;在运行通量40 L/(m 2·h)、反洗周期45 min、反洗时间60 s的条件下,采用浓度为100~150 mg/L的次氯酸钠每7小时进行1次化学清洗,平板陶瓷膜系统运行较为稳定。     

碱渣氧化处理工艺

碱渣含有硫化物、有机硫化物和多种有机物，是一种带有恶臭的高浓度废液，碱渣氧化处理，可以达到或碱再生或脱臭或净化的目的。在参考有关文献并进行有关调查的基础上，简述了多种碱渣氧化处理工艺并进行分析，为碱渣氧化处理工艺提供了借鉴     

石化污水深度处理回用工程实例

采用生物曝气滤池＋超滤的方式对石化企业外排污水进行深度处理，以达到回用于循环冷却水系统的目的。阐述了生物曝气滤池及超滤的主要工艺特点和主要工艺流程，并分析了项目实施后取得的经济效益及环境效益。     

MBR在中水回用领域的工程应用研究

MBR(膜生物反应器 )作为一种新型的污水处理工艺 ,在生活污水处理领域得到了广泛的应用 ,某培训中心的生活污水的中水回用采用此种工艺 ,通过合理地设计运行参数 ,系统运行稳定 ,出水水质好于《沈阳市中水水质标准》 ,可在多种场合进行回用。