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841.
842.
Du Xile 《中国人口.资源与环境(英文版)》2013,11(4):44-51
Abstract Water pollution is one of the major environmental problems, especially in urban areas. Due to rapid urban expansion and industrialization, water pollution in Zhengzhou City, the capital of Henan Province in central China has become a serious problem for its development. In this study, the surface water quality was evaluated using Nemerow Comprehensive Pollution Index (NCPI), and the change trend was calculated using methods of Mann-Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimator, based on the monitoring data from 1998 to 2008. The results show that the NCPI ranged from 3 to 50 in 70% of the monitoring cases, implying that most rivers were seriously polluted. However, this serious polltuon is expected to be gradually improved, as the concentration of water pollutants and NCPI declined significantly in most rivers. Water pollution in reservoirs was much lower than rivers, and the NCPI in the three monitored reservoirs was lower than 3 in most years, and shows a downward trend. Although the surface water quality was gradually improved, great efforts are still needed to enhance the protection and improvement of surface water environment. 相似文献
843.
《International Journal of Sustainable Engineering》2013,6(3):258-266
This paper reveals comparative experimental analysis of the effect of variation of natural and forced convection heat losses on the performance of prototype parabolic dish water heater with coated and non-coated receivers. With the above-described system, hot water needs in domestic applications can be fulfilled instantly. A parabolic dish collector was used for instant water heating. Design of solar parabolic dish collector consists of truncated cone-shaped helical coiled receiver made up of copper at focal point. Instantaneous efficiency of 63% and 48% has been achieved with coated and non-coated receivers. This prototype has been evaluated for its performance with water flow rate of 0.0076 kg/s during the months of April and May 2010 at Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India (latitude: 16.42° North, longitude: 74.13° West). 相似文献
844.
Based on observation data of daily sunshine duration from 1961 to 2020 at 175 meteorological observation stations over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and its surrounding areas, spatial transformation analysis, climate trend analysis and M-K mutation test were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the seasonal and annual sunshine duration in the region in the last 60 years. The results show that (1) annual average sunshine duration was 2 323 h, the maximum was 3 487 h in Gaer, Tibet, and the minimum was 771 h in Ya'an, Sichuan. The high-value areas were mostly located in western Tibet, northern Qinghai, western Gansu, and Xinjiang, and the low-value areas were mostly located in Nyingchi in Tibet, the mountainous area on the western edge of the Sichuan Basin, and northwestern Yunnan. The highest sunshine duration was recorded in winter (631 h), and the lowest was recorded in autumn (555 h) among the four seasons. (2) The average decrease in annual sunshine duration was 10.27 h/10 a. The largest rates of decrease were mainly in Gannan of Gansu and Ganzi of Sichuan, with the largest rate of decrease of 130 h/10 a. The areas with large rates of increase were mainly in Hotan area of Xinjiang, Liangshan of Sichuan and Lhasa of Tibet, with the largest increase of 61 h/10 a. Among the four seasons, spring exhibited an upward trend, and the remainder exhibited a downward trend. (3) Before 2017, the annual sunshine duration increased but declined after 2017. Spring sunshine duration had the largest number of mutation years, and the earliest mutation time was 1963. Winter had the fewest number of mutation years and the latest mutation time occurred in 2015. In summary, the annual and seasonal sunshine duration of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau vary greatly in space, but with the general characteristics of more sunshine in the northwest and less in the southeast, and sunshine hours were mainly decreasing, with 2017 as a mutation point of annual sunshine duration. Most areas of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau have great potential for photosynthetic production and are suitable for the development of light-loving plants and high-density planting. Shade-loving or shade-tolerant plants, including tea, are suitable for development in remote mountainous areas with low sunshine values in the western part of the basin, including Ya’an, Sichuan, and other areas, such as Medog, Tibet. © 2022 Science Press. All rights reserved. 相似文献
845.
在讨论农产品质量安全内涵的基础上,构建了农产品数量安全和质量安全指标体系,基于熵值法、CRITIC法、Ganger因果检验和回归分析等方法,使用2005—2018年中国时序数据,测度农产品质量安全的耦合度和协调度,并对农产品质量安全内部协调度的农业要素投入和管制导向影响进行了研究。研究表明:农产品质量安全内部存在相对单向的扰动,属于数量安全高于质量安全的非均衡体系;农产品质量安全内部呈现出高度的内部耦合,但发展协调度不高;化学品投入和产业投入对农产品质量安全内部协调发展具有推动作用,其他要素投入影响不明显;管制导向对农产品质量安全内部协调度有积极影响,其中,农业支持保护补贴和地理标志农产品登记数量的正向影响最大。未来应该通过优化管制效能,不断提高技术投入等要素的投入效率。 相似文献
846.
847.
西藏古乡沟泥石流模型试验研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
通过模型试验,研究不同类型(粘性、稀性、水石流)和不同规模(P=2%、4%)的泥石流在古乡沟堆积扇上的运动和冲淤规律,同时进行防治工程模型试验研究,结合野外调查和资料对比,选择合理的防治工程方案,为工程设计提供可靠的依据和数据。本文结论对川藏公路与古乡沟类似灾害的整治有一定的参考价值 相似文献
848.
典型大气环境玻璃钢天线罩聚氨酯涂层工艺老化行为研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过南海海洋大气环境、海南万宁湿热乡村大气环境、西藏拉萨高原大气环境户外大气暴露对玻璃钢基灭线罩聚氨酯涂层工艺进行了老化试验,运用光泽、颜色、粉化率、SEM等手段测试了涂层在户外大气暴露的性能变化和表面形貌,并进行对比分析。结果表明,在相同大气环境中,工艺玻璃钢板/雷达罩底漆/浅灰航天聚氨酯涂层耐候性能优于工艺玻璃钢板/环氧聚酰胺/弹性聚氨酯磁漆涂层的耐侯性能;对于同种工艺,西沙海洋大气环境对其耐侯性的影响最大,其次是万宁湿热乡村环境,拉萨高原环境影响较小;光照、温度、湿度是涂层老化的主要原因。 相似文献
849.
850.
水环境中阴离子的快速便捷检测对评估流域水环境污染、提出相关流域治理对策具有重要意义.提出一种以镧系金属离子Eu3+作为配位金属离子,采用水热法与2,6-吡啶二羧酸合成镧系配合物,对水环境中9种常见阴离子进行定性和定量分析的方法.结果表明,制备的配合物吡啶二羧酸铕[Eu(DPA)3]在水中具有良好分散性,280 nm激发... 相似文献