汶川地震大型高速远程滑坡力学机理及控制因子分析

根据汶川地震典型高速远程滑坡坡体结构特点及坡体对地震动的响应,认为地震波是造成山体变形破坏的原动力,强烈的地震动是触发岩体高位剪出并被抛射的主要原因。滑坡体被抛射后,撞击铲刮坡面形成高速碎屑流作远程运动,其运动距离决定其造成危害的大小,在不考虑地震长持时的情况下,其后续运动距离决定于不同的内部控制因子,统计分析表明:发震断裂只有触发效应以及"上/下盘效应",与灾害规模无关,多半滑坡发生于平均坡度为30°～45°坡体结构,滑坡体运动距离L与其拔河高度H具有很好的相关性,坡体拔河高度越大,滑坡体滑过的区域面积及堆积体积就越大,滑坡运动距离就越远,运动性就越强,造成的灾害也就越大。     

铁路隧道火灾中烟气逆流层长度的研究

以狮子洋隧道为工程背景,对不同火源热释放速率、不同通风风速、不同坡度及不同断面当量直径情况下的火灾进行了数值模拟。分析了隧道烟气逆流层长度的变化规律,并对模拟数据进行了拟合。结果表明,隧道烟气逆流层长度与通风风速、火源热释放速率、隧道断面当量直径的自然对数值拟合均符合直线关系,呈递增或递减变化;坡度对烟气逆流层长度的影响随通风风速的增大而减弱。在分析烟气逆流层长度变化规律的基础上,建立了烟气逆流层长度与火源热释放速率、通风风速及断面当量直径的关系式,通过对数据拟合获得了烟气逆流层长度公式,该公式推导合理,并有所创新。     

油田生产设施环境安全距离理论与估算--以胜利油田东辛采油厂为例

油田生产设施环境安全距离为减轻或避免生产设施的潜在环境危害．解决城市发展和油田企业之间的利益冲突,以及事故后的人群紧急疏散提供了科学的决策依据。以胜利油田东辛采油厂为例．对井场类、站库类和管线类三类主要油气生产设施的环境安全距离进行了研究和估算。对于井场类设施．主要研究估算了井喷H2S泄漏的环境风险安全距离;对于站库类设施,主要研究估算了噪声环境影响安全距离;对于管线类设施,主要研究估算了泄漏事故环境风险安全距离。通过现场测量和模拟实验证明．估算结果比较可靠。     

基于流域单元的环巢湖综合景观对河流水质的影响

考虑流域特征差异对河流水质的影响,以巢湖流域为研究对象,根据2019年10月至2020年9月河流监测点水质、气象、地形、土壤与遥感影像等数据,通过数字地形分析划分各监测点的流域单元,综合利用相关性分析、冗余分析以及多元回归分析探究了流域单元的综合景观特征（包括土地利用、气候、地形、土壤等）对环巢湖河流水质的影响.结果表明:①环巢湖河流水质空间差异大,主要污染物为总氮与氨氮,大多数河流总氮浓度超过Ⅴ类水质标准,污染严重的区域集中在合肥市区及周边河流以及丰乐河和杭埠河中下游.②流域单元综合景观特征对河流水质有着显著性影响.其中,建筑用地比例、斑块密度、散布与并列指数、香农多样性指数与水质指标呈正相关,而林草地比例、蔓延度指数与水质指标呈负相关.③在不同季节,流域单元的综合景观特征在湿季对河流水质的影响效应要强于干季,这主要是由干湿季降水的差异引起的.     

日本废弃物的管理制度与研究现状 Ⅲ.日本废弃物的试验分析方法体系 (B)产业废弃物的采样与制样方法

本文介绍了日本产业废弃物的采样方法并详细介绍了溶出试验和含量试验试液的制备方法及其适用范围,对测定重金属用试液的前处理方法也做了简要介绍。     

硫磺回收装置扩能改造及效果分析

介绍了回收酸性气体生产硫磺的工艺原理与工艺流程,论述了影响硫磺回收装置生产能力的诸多因素与扩能改造的情况。扩能改造后,该装置的酸性气体处理量平均为976m^3／h,瞬时处理量可达1200m^3／h,硫磺的生产能力从4450t／a提高到7500t／a,生产能力提高了68．5％,装置总硫回收率达到93．5％。     

Antecedents and consequences of empowering leadership: Leader power distance,leader perception of team capability,and team innovation

The evidence that empowering leadership is an effective form of team leadership brings the question on what the antecedents of empowering leadership are into focus. We propose that empowering leadership is driven by considerations of the normative and situational appropriateness of empowering leadership that are associated with leader power distance value and leader perception of team capability. We propose that leader power distance and perceived team capability interact such that the influence of leader power distance on empowering leadership is stronger with higher perceived team capability. We extend our model to show that by affecting empowering leadership, the interaction of leader power distance and perceived team capability indirectly influences team innovation, an important team outcome associated with empowered teamwork. We tested our model in two multisource surveys in China: Study 1 of 84 technical teams and Study 2 of 83 financial service teams. We discuss how our study contributes to empowering leadership theory by providing a theoretical perspective that lends itself well to identifying other trait and situational antecedents of empowering leadership.     

Emergency evacuation model assuming leakage of toxic substances in a chemical plant

Preparedness of emergency evacuation for the leakage of toxic substances in chemical plants is very important in order to reduce damage. In order to implement an emergency evacuation properly, it is necessary to comprehensively and concretely determine the conditions of the leakage and atmospheric conditions and predict the consequences of the dispersed gases. Repeated training for emergencies is also essential. In order to realize effective evacuation, a prediction model of the evacuation area that anyone can use to obtain the same results both accurately and promptly is developed in the present study. The prediction model is designed such that the wind speed and atmospheric conditions are automatically set, and the leakage rate is the only input parameter, so that anyone can use the model easily. In addition, the model can also predict the atmospheric parameters for up to 3 h and can calculate the evacuation distance so that smooth evacuation can be achieved for changing atmospheric conditions. Finally, the evacuation area is defined by statistically analysed wind fluctuations, and a series of emergency evacuation measures is implemented.     

铁路线路设置曲线限速对列车运行能耗影响分析

基于列车运行功能转化方程,对铁路选线设计中设置小半径曲线引起限速时的列车运行能耗特点及列车减速距离对列车能耗的影响进行分析,得出限速对列车运行能耗影响的量化结果,以及减速、加速距离是影响限速条件下列车运行能耗的主要参数等结论,以期为铁路线路选线提供能耗影响参考,或应用于铁路建设项目线路方案选择的节能评价。     

Are energy conservation and emission reduction policy measures effective for industrial structure restructuring and upgrading?

The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the 10 important strategies of environmental management in China. The use of energy conservation emission reduction policies to promote industrial restructuring and upgrading and thus facilitate energy conservation and emission reduction is one of the important strategies of environmental management in China. Based on the systematic collection of 1,195 energy conservation emission reduction policies, we discuss the influence of individual measure and measure synergy of energy conservation and emission reduction policies respectively. The results show that the energy conservation and emission reduction policies have a significant effect on the overall promotion of industrial upgrading. The financial measures and guidance measures have a positive impact; the financial measures and guidance measures have significantly positive effect; however, the administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures do the opposite; the positive effect of the synergy of guidance measures and financial measures is greater than the negative effect of considering only the synergy of fiscal tax measures and other economic measures, and significantly greater than the negative effect of the synergy of administrative measures, fiscal tax measures, and other economic measures. We should strengthen and emphasize the use of the measure that has positive effect on industrial structure restructuring and upgrading individually and synergistically.