水铁矿及其腐殖酸复合体对Sb(Ⅴ)的吸附行为研究

在实验室条件下制备了水铁矿和水铁矿与腐殖酸复合物,通过X射线衍射、傅里叶红外光谱、Zeta电位及比表面积的测定对其基本性质进行了表征,并采用静态批处理吸附试验研究了水铁矿及其腐殖酸复合物对Sb（V）的吸附行为特征,探讨了吸附时间、初始pH值、初始浓度、不同干扰离子（PO₄^3-、CO₃^2-、NO₃^-和Cl^-）对水铁矿及其复合物吸附Sb（V）的影响.结果表明：腐殖酸与水铁矿结合后未改变水铁矿的晶型结构,但降低了水铁矿的零电点与比表面积.水铁矿及其复合物对Sb（V）的吸附过程符合Langmuir和伪二级动力学模型,腐殖酸的加入抑制了水铁矿对Sb（V）的吸附.随着pH的上升,水铁矿与复合物的去质子化能力增强,对Sb（V）的吸附量减小;溶液中共存离子PO₄^3-、CO₃^2-对水铁矿及其腐殖酸复合物吸附Sb（V）有较强的抑制作用.     

Simultaneous removal of arsenic and antimony from mining wastewater using granular TiO2: Batch and field column studies

Coexisting arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) in mining wastewater is a common and great concern. On-site simultaneous removal of As and Sb from mining wastewater was achieved by using a reusable granular TiO₂ column in this study. To evaluate the accuracy of the scale-up procedure, As and Sb adsorption from wastewater was studied in both large (600 g TiO₂) and small columns (12 g TiO₂) based on the proportional diffusivity rapid small-scale column tests (PD-RSSCTs) design. The comparable As and Sb breakthrough curves obtained from small and large columns confirmed the accuracy of the PD-RSSCT theory in the design of large-scale columns. Meanwhile, the consistent As and Sb adsorption results from batch and column experiments suggested that TiO₂ adsorption for As and Sb can be predicted from bench-scale tests. Charge distribution multi-site complexation (CD-MUSIC) and one-dimensional transport modeling integrated in the PHREEQC program were performed to study the adsorption behaviors of As and Sb on the TiO₂ surface. Coexisting ions, such as Ca^2 +, Mg^2 +, and Si^4 +, play an important role in As and Sb adsorption, and the breakthrough curves were well simulated after considering the compound ion effects. The results from this study highlight the surface reactions of As and Sb on TiO₂ and provide a practical way for on-site remediation of industrial wastewater.     

铁锰复合氧化物吸附去除五价锑性能研究

对比研究了铁锰复合氧化物(FMBO)、羟基氧化铁(FeOOH)和二氧化锰(MnO₂)吸附去除五价锑(Sb(V))的性能.结果表明FMBO对Sb(V)具有很好的吸附性能,在pH=5.0的条件下,最大吸附容量达到1.05 mmol·g^-1,略高于FeOOH (0.82 mmol·g^-1)及远高于MnO₂ (0.43 mmol·g^-1);采用Freundlich模型可以很好地描述Sb(V)在FMBO的吸附行为(R² = 0.98).就吸附动力学而言,假二级动力学可很好地描述Sb(V)在FMBO (R² = 0.93)和MnO₂表面的吸附过程(R² = 0.96),而Sb(V)在FeOOH表面的吸附过程可用Elovich模型拟合 (R² = 0.94).Sb(V)的吸附量随着pH值的升高而降低;磷酸盐显著抑制了Sb(V)的吸附,而硫酸盐和碳酸盐影响不大.提高体系离子强度可促进Sb(V)在FMBO表面的吸附,推断Sb(V)在FMBO表面形成内层络合物后被吸附去除.     

起爆药污染场地土壤中锑的环境风险评估

为研究起爆药污染场地土壤中Sb（锑）的环境风险,利用微波消解原子荧光光度法、Tessier逐级提取法、TCLP（toxicity characteristic leaching procedure）毒性浸出法及SBET（simplied bioaccessibility extraction test）方法,分析了某起爆药场地表层土壤中Sb的价态、形态、浸出水平和生物可给性及其对人体健康风险水平和地下水环境风险水平的影响.结果表明:①土壤中w（TSb）为26.7~4 255.0 mg/kg,是GB 36600-2018《土壤环境质量建设用地土壤污染风险管控标准》中第一类用地筛选值的1.33~212.75倍,最大值超过相应管制值的10.82倍.土壤样品中Sb主要以Sb5+存在,w（Sb5+）在w（TSb）中的占比达65.57%~95.46%.②土壤中不同形态Sb的比例由高到低依次为残渣态（38.05%~94.22%）、铁锰氧化物结合态（0.01%~31.80%）、有机结合态（0.32%~21.55%）、碳酸盐结合态（0.01%~11.16%）和可交换态（0.42%~3.70%）.土壤中w（可交换态Sb）与CEC（阳离子交换量）呈负相关,w（铁锰氧化物结合态Sb）与w（Fe）、w（Mn）均呈正相关.③土壤中Sb的浸出浓度为0.22~35.49 μg/L,并随土壤中w（砂粒）、w（TSb）、w（碳酸盐结合态Sb）和w（可交换态Sb）的增大而升高,随CEC的增大而降低.④土壤中Sb的生物可给性范围在8.03%~67.69%之间,w（Fe）和w（OM）的增加能够降低Sb的生物可给性.⑤基于Sb生物可给性健康风险水平和基于Sb价态健康风险水平的结果分别是以w（TSb）为暴露浓度计算的传统风险评估模型预测结果的8.00%~67.69%和62.00%~77.01%,土壤中Sb的实际浸出浓度较常规模型（三相平衡耦合地下水稀释模型）预测值低3~5个数量级.研究显示,充分考虑Sb在起爆药污染场地土壤中的赋存特征能够降低常规风险评估方法的保守性.      

成都燃煤电厂周围土壤中砷、锑、铅、锌分布特征及污染评价

系统研究了成都市燃煤电厂周围土壤中As、Sb、Pb和Zn的水平及垂直分布特征,同时利用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法对土壤污染程度进行了评价.结果表明,上述元素在电厂周围土壤中的含量均具有方向性,As、Sb、Zn呈现出南〉西〉东〉北的特点,而Pb则是南〉西〉北〉东;Zn和Pb的含量随深度增加呈总体下降趋势,而A...