薄层离子交换树脂光度法测定水中痕量磷

利用积分球装置,交袁附磷钼蓝的阴离子交换树脂制成一薄层片,于７００ｎｍ长处测定吸光值,既保持了填充树脂光度法的高灵敏度,又提高了分析的精密性。     

污水中磷酸盐的离子交换分离初探

在日化工业磷酸盐解析方法的基础上,针对污水中各磷酸盐含量特征,对树脂床高度、淋洗液流速和用量等因素作了选择研究,确定了分离污水中各种磷酸盐及测定其含量的条件和步骤。     

味精废水的预处理试验研究

针对味精废水的“五高二低”问题,对其进行了高速离心分离菌体、加石灰水中和沉淀SO24-、离子交换回收谷氨酸联合处理及絮凝沉降+石灰水中和沉淀处理等方法的试验研究,得出采用上述两种联合预处理后,能大部分去除废水中的SS、NH3-N、SO24-,可以满足后续生化处理的要求。在实际应用中如何选用,需结合经济效益与处理效果进行综合分析。     

论生态类项目竣工环境保护监测验收

论述了环境监测在生态类项目环保管理中的重要作用及如何进行生态类项目的环境监测工作,通过监测与监督,使施工期的环境污染问题降至最低,更好地保护生态环境及公众的身体健康,建设生态文明,构筑人和自然和谐共生的社会环境。     

采样容器溶出氯离子对监测空气中氯化氢的干扰分析

试验了玻璃、聚乙烯、聚四氟乙烯等不同材质容器溶出氯离子对环境空气中氯化氢测定的影响,指出测定结果偏高的原因在于采用玻璃气泡吸收管,分析了玻璃材质溶出氯离子的原因,建议采用特制的聚四氟乙烯或聚乙烯吸收管采样。     

杭州城区空气负离子特征及其与气象因子的关系

以杭州市典型的居民区为研究区域,对空气负离子浓度和其他气象因子进行了连续12个月的定点监测,分析了研究区空气负离子的日变化动态特征,以及空气负离子与气象因子的相关关系。结果表明,研究区的空气负离子浓度平3 3 3均值为241.49个/cm,空气负离子浓度日变化最大值出现在凌晨4:00 307.92个/cm,最小值出现在21:00,为193.06个/cm;空气负离子浓度与温度、水汽压和风速均成正相关,与紫外线强度、湿度和二氧化碳浓度成负相关。     

离子色谱法测定水中总硬度

水质硬度的测定方法很多,本研究选用离子色谱法和EDTA络合滴定法对地下水和地表水样品分别进行测定,结果表明离子色谱法相对于传统的EDTA络合滴定法有干扰小,对环境污染少的优点,但水质测定的国标方法中没有该方法,因此建议可用离子色谱法测定水质硬度。     

大气样品中阳离子的离子色谱法测定

用单往离子色谱法测定了降水、TSP、降尘中的一价和二价阳离子(水溶物),方法精密度实验的变异系数≥2.02％;改进了ZIC—ⅡA型离子色谱仪的原流路系统。     

Removal of metal ions from the complexed solutions in fixed bed using a strong-acid ion exchange resin

Fixed bed removal of equimolar metal ions (Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Mn²⁺, Sr²⁺) from aqueous solutions using a strong-acid resin was examined. The solution contained a water-soluble complexing agent including ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, and citric acid. Experiments were performed under different solution pH and molar concentration ratios of complexing agent to the total metals. It was shown from batch studies that the equilibrium exchange of metals and the resin mainly depended on solution pH, and partly on the type of complexing agent used. A mass transfer model was proposed to describe the breakthrough curves of the resin bed, which contained two parameters (τ and k) estimated from the observed breakthrough data. The calculated breakthrough curves agreed well with the measured ones (standard deviation <6%). In fixed bed tests at low pH (=2), the type of complexing agent had little effect on the breakthrough data. For a given complexing agent, the metal with a larger overall formation constant (K_f) showed a smaller exchange capacity. For a given metal ion, the complexing agent with a larger K_f also revealed a smaller exchange capacity.     

Determination of Water-soluble Atmospheric Aerosols Using Ion Chromatography

A field study was established to investigate the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols in Chicago, IL. One goal of this study was to determine the influence of precursor trace gases and local meteorology on concentrations of secondary aerosol ionic species. This paper describes the method details, shows the method is analytically valid, and reports overall as well as some specific results found during the field study. Two particulate air samples were collected per day onto quartz fiber filters at the Loyola University Chicago Air Station during the summer months in 2002–2004. In parallel, mixing ratios of ozone and nitrogen oxides were monitored and weather parameters were recorded. Particulates were extracted from the filter substrates and the subsequent solutions were analyzed by ion chromatography for anions, including low molecular weight organic acids, and cations. A washing procedure was implemented to reduce the high background values of the quartz fiber filters. Method validation showed that the collection method was efficient for all ions with exception of nitrate, whose efficiency of 70% indicated losses caused by volatilization. The extraction method also proved efficient for both field and laboratory samples, and the repeatability of the method was high with relative standard deviations less than 10% for all ions. Reproducibility of the results was determined by comparison of sulfate to sulfur analyzed by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and proved to be high as well. Concentrations differed significantly between the three summer studies due to varying levels of precursor species as a consequence of distinct temperatures and wind direction profiles.