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451.
三点比较式臭袋法测定环境中臭气浓度 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
王玫 《环境监测管理与技术》2007,19(4):54-55
就三点比较式臭袋法在测定环境空气臭气浓度时应注意的现场踏勘、采样点的选择、采样次数、配气、嗅辨过程,以及臭气浓度计算等问题进行探讨,使该方法更加完善、简便. 相似文献
452.
Ling ZH Guo H Cheng HR Yu YF 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(10):2310-2319
The Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model and the Observation Based Model (OBM) were combined to analyze volatile organic compound (VOC) data collected at a suburban site (WQS) in the PRD region. The purposes are to estimate the VOC source apportionment and investigate the contributions of these sources and species of these sources to the O3 formation in PRD. Ten VOC sources were identified. We further applied the PMF-extracted concentrations of these 10 sources into the OBM and found "solvent usage 1", "diesel vehicular emissions" and "biomass/biofuel burning" contributed most to the O3 formation at WQS. Among these three sources, higher Relative Incremental Reactivity (RIR)-weighted values of ethene, toluene and m/p-xylene indicated that they were mainly responsible for local O3 formation in the region. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the sources of "diesel vehicular emissions", "biomass/biofuel burning" and "solvent usage 1" had low uncertainties whereas "gasoline evaporation" showed the highest uncertainty. 相似文献
453.
Ten years of atmospheric methane observations at a high elevation site in Western China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
L.X. Zhou D.E.J. Worthy P.M. Lang M.K. Ernst X.C. Zhang Y.P. Wen J.L. Li 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2004,38(40):7041-7054
In this paper, the continuous (1994–2001) and discrete air sample (1991–2001) measurements of atmospheric CH4 from the Waliguan Baseline Observatory located in western China (36°17′N, 100°54′E, 3816 m asl) are presented and characterized. The CH4 time series show large episodic events on the order of 100 ppb throughout the year. During spring, a diurnal cycle with average amplitude of 7 ppb and a morning maximum and late afternoon minimum is observed. In winter, a diurnal cycle with average amplitude of 14 ppb is observed with an afternoon maximum and morning minimum. Unlike most terrestrial observational sites, no obvious diurnal patterns are present during the summer or autumn. A background data selection procedure was developed based on local horizontal and vertical winds. A selected hourly data set representative of “baseline” conditions was derived with approximately 50% of the valid hourly data. The range of CH4 mixing ratios, annual means, annual increases and mean annual cycle at Waliguan during the 1992–2001 were derived from discrete and continuous data representative of “baseline” conditions and compared to air samples collected at other Northern Hemisphere sites. The range of CH4 monthly means of 1746–1822 ppb, average annual means of 1786.7±10.8 ppb and mean annual increase of 4.5±4.2 ppb yr−1 at Waliguan were inline with measurements from sites located between 30° and 60°N. There were variations observed in the CH4 annual increase patterns at Waliguan that were slightly different from the global pattern. The mean CH4 annual cycle at Waliguan shows an unusual pattern of two gentle peaks in summer and February along with two small valleys in early winter and spring and a mean peak-to-peak amplitude of 11 ppb, much smaller than amplitudes observed at most other mid- and high-northern latitude sites. The Waliguan CH4 data are strongly influenced by continental Asian CH4 emissions and provide key information for global atmospheric CH4 models. 相似文献
454.
Source diagnostics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban road runoff, dust, rain and canopy throughfall 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Zhang W Zhang S Wan C Yue D Ye Y Wang X 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,153(3):594-601
Diagnostic ratios and multivariate analysis were utilized to apportion polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) sources for road runoff, road dust, rain and canopy throughfall based on samples collected in an urban area of Beijing, China. Three sampling sites representing vehicle lane, bicycle lane and branch road were selected. For road runoff and road dust, vehicular emission and coal combustion were identified as major sources, and the source contributions varied among the sampling sites. For rain, three principal components were apportioned representing coal/oil combustion (54%), vehicular emission (34%) and coking (12%). For canopy throughfall, vehicular emission (56%), coal combustion (30%) and oil combustion (14%) were identified as major sources. Overall, the PAH's source for road runoff mainly reflected that for road dust. Despite site-specific sources, the findings at the study area provided a general picture of PAHs sources for the road runoff system in urban area of Beijing. 相似文献
455.
大气中多环芳烃的来源及采样方式的研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文对大气中多环芳烃的来源进行了调查的基础上,对燃源,交通源,等采产方式进行了综述,评价了各种采样方式的优缺点,从而造反我环芳烃污染源解析的采样方式。 相似文献
456.
457.
餐饮行业污水中磷的测定方法改进 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
测定污水中磷时,特别是餐饮行业污水,消解后浊度大,文章对利用活性炭脱色进行了实验研究. 相似文献
458.
采用气相色谱法测定土壤和植物中的毒鼠强,用苯作为提取剂,中性氧化铝-硅镁柱净化。土壤和植物的回收率分别为84.0%~87.0%8、1.4%~86.0%,样品最低检出量为20ng/g。 相似文献
459.
大气颗粒物源解析受体模型应用研究及发展现状 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
通过大量文献资料调研对化学质量平衡模型、二重源解析技术、主因子分析、正矩阵因子分析法等目前应用较广泛的受体模型方法的原理、优缺点和应用现状进行了比较分析,对单颗粒源解析方法、有机物示踪技术和扩散与受体模型联用技术等受体模型新技术方法进行了评述。 相似文献
460.