湿地型微生物燃料电池运行实验研究

为了探究湿地植物、电极间距对湿地型生物燃料产电及污水净化效能的影响,本文选用鸢尾、绿萝、富贵竹和观音竹4种湿地植物构建湿地型生物燃料电池与相同结构无种植湿地植物的燃料电池进行对照.结果表明,有植物的微生物燃料电池的产电性能优于无植物的微生物燃料电池;4种植物微生物燃料电池功率密度由高到低的顺序依次为:鸢尾绿萝富贵竹观音竹.相同绿萝植物的湿地型微生物燃料电池在不同的电极间距下的产电性能不同,间距越小输出电压和功率密度越大.当电极距离为10 cm时,最大功率密度达2.55 W·m~(-3),比20 cm和30 cm分别高约30%和50%.4种湿地植物的湿地型微生物燃料电池对COD的去除率均达80%以上,COD去除效率由高到低的顺序依次为:鸢尾富贵竹观音竹绿萝.     

水生植物在微生物燃料电池中的应用研究进展

微生物燃料电池在降解污染物的同时能将污染物中的化学能转化为电能。研究微生物燃料电池是对污水处理过程中回收环境友好能源的多学科交叉探索,可以为我国有效解决能源与环境问题提供新的技术途径。水生植物在微生物燃料电池研究中已得到了应用,显示出了良好的污水净化效果和生物产电特性。目前利用水生植物构建的微生物燃料电池,一类是将高等植物根区作为电池的阳极系统,目的是利用根区分泌物解决MFC的燃料问题;另一类是直接将低等水生植物藻类构建生物阴极型微生物燃料电池,其实质是利用藻类光合作用产氧构建好氧型生物阴极微生物燃料电池而还原CO2。文章对水生植物在微生物燃料中的作用机制、调控措施、运行条件、工艺参数等方面的研究现状进行了综合分析,也提出了需要深入研究的方向。     

城市垃圾处理方法综述

综述了目前我国城市垃圾的处理方法，并分析比较了各处理方法的化缺点以及对我国的适宜性，重点介绍了垃圾焚烧发电在我国的发展前景以及存在的有关问题。     

Selecting the Best Compatible SVC Type in Power Systems for transient Stability

Considering the increased trend to use renewable energy to meet electrical energy demands, a reliable performance also should be adopted in transmitting the generated power through the stable transmission and subtransmission systems for which nowadays Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) controllers are used extensively. Transient stability is one of the most important issues in power system stability analysis. FACTS devices have confirmed their capabilities in various aspects in power networks. In this paper, to improve transient stability of power systems, a shunt connected FACTS devices have been introduced, i.e., Static VAR compensators (SVCs). The SVC has the most diversified branches among FACTS devices. The main aim of this work is to study and analyze the impact of eight branches of SVC on improvement of transient stability and to choose the best of them. Simulations are performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.     

化工生产中静电危害的消除

在化学工业生产中,由于各种材料上静电的产生和积累,会造成生产事故.该文对化工生产中静电的危害作了简述,并着重介绍了其预防和消除的方法.     

黔"西电东送"的电力供给与市场需求可靠性分析

贵州省经济发展滞后,但电力资源丰富。发展电力,将贵州省的能源资源优势转化为经济优势,是振兴贵州经济的希望所在。结合贵州西电东送的优势,从供给与需求出发分析了"黔电送粤"的市场可靠性,以及西电东送对贵州经济的拉动作用。     

Least cost electricity generation options based on environmental impact abatement

The power sector in Thailand is the largest contributor to CO₂ emissions. There is high potential to mitigate CO₂ emission via alternative power generating plants. Alternative plants considered in this study include nuclear plants, integrated gasification combined cycle plants, biomass-based plants and supercritical thermal power plants. The biomass-based plants considered here are fueled with four types of biomass; paddy husk, municipal solid waste (MSW), fuel wood and corncob. The methodology for the optimal expansion plan of the power generating system over the planning horizon is based on the least-cost approach. The results from the least-cost planning analyses show that the nuclear alternative has the highest potential to mitigate not only CO₂ but also other airborne emissions. Moreover, the nuclear option is the most effective abatement strategy for CO₂ reduction due to its negative incremental cost of CO₂ reduction.     

秦皇岛市"以电代煤"改善环境初探

针对秦皇岛市能源消耗中清洁能源比重较小,不利于城市环境改善的状况,提出了推行"以电代煤"来优化能源结构,改善城市环境.并对秦皇岛市"以电代煤"潜力进行了分析,提出了在居民生活、农村、商饮业、党政机关和公用事业单位推行"以电代煤"的措施.     

Peroxidase activity,lignification and promotion of cell death in tobacco cells exposed to static magnetic field

Bio-effects of static magnetic fields on cell growth and cell death have been investigated in suspension-cultured tobacco cells as undifferentiated, embryonic plant cell model. The cells in their logarithmic growth phase were exposed to static magnetic field with the magnitudes of 10 mT and 30 mT for 5 h/day. Exposure to static magnetic field ceased the growth and caused an increase in cell death of exposed tobacco cells compared to those cells which were not treated with the field. Promotion of cell death was accompanied by a harmonized increase in the activity of peroxidase and increase of lignifcation of cell walls.     

含氧氢气钢瓶释放过程危险性分析及处置

针对一起空气误充入氢气钢瓶而导致使用时发生多起爆炸的事故,详细分析了氢氧混合气钢瓶在释放过程中的主要危险性,对释放过程中最可能存在的点火源即静电的产生机理及静电的放电条件进行了详细的论述,应用TNT当量法对可能发生的氢气钢瓶爆炸事故的破坏强度进行了估算。针对爆炸事故的高危险性,制定了以电机作为开阀动力的远距离放空方案,并提出了接地、洒水增湿等预防静电产生的有效措施,综合考虑冲击波超压伤害和人员操作的方便,确定了合理的安全操作距离,为防止爆炸产生的碎片对周围人员、建筑的伤害,在释放场所周围及人员操作场所设置了沙包墙作为防爆掩体。