大伙房水库上游禽畜业污染现状及其防治对策

为了保护大伙房水库 ,控制水库上游禽畜养殖业污染 ,对禽畜养殖业污染现状进行了调查 ,估算了禽畜粪尿的流失量。结果表明 ,一头猪日排泄粪尿量约是人排粪尿的 5倍。水库上游禽畜养殖业污染负荷已超过水库上游生活污水的污染负荷 ,成为了水库上游地区主要的有机物污染源。对此 ,提出了控制禽畜业污染的对策和建议。     

基于交通文化的交通安全策略

以往对于交通安全的研究 ,很少有人从交通文化的深度进行分析 ,而对交通文化的研究确实具有现实意义和深远的战略价值。笔者针对这一问题 ,在阐述了交通文化的定义、特征的基础上 ,构建了交通文化系统的结构 ,说明了交通文化与交通安全的关系 ,提出了基于交通文化的驾驶员素质培训和安全教育、培养交通参与者交通安全意识、重视交通安全技术的研究和应用、加强道路交通管理和重视交通道德建设等交通安全策略。     

跨国石油和化工公司在中国的低碳战略和环保责任

跨国公司在对中国新一轮的投资战略中,必须面对中国的经济转型,经济增长方式的转变,以及产业结构的调整等新的政策要求,特别是要面对来自中国对环保日益严格的约束性指标,对跨国公司投资中国的产业方向和产业重点及环保措施提出更高的要求,并将对其投资行为产生重要的影响.低碳战略和环保责任无疑将成为跨国公司下一轮投资中必须采取的行为准则,跨国公司也只有把低碳发展战略作为公司发展的重要战略目标,才能促进跨国公司在中国更健康的发展.     

关于改善中国参与全球环境治理的战略思路

本文对全球环境治理的现状,中国当前在全球环境治理中的作用与面临的挑战,以及中国如何更好地参与全球环境治理进行了系统的总结.主要内容包括:全球环境治理成为全球治理的重要内容,全球环境治理当前由发达国家主导,全球环境治理中各方利益更加分化,非政府组织的影响越来越大,全球环境治理当前进展缓慢;中国日益成为全球环境治理的关注焦点,中国国内环保工作与全球环境治理有着巨大差别,中国国情的不断变化导致在全球环境治理中的立场摇摆;中国参与全球环境治理的能力不足、中国的非政府组织力量薄弱;中国应明确自身在全球环境治理中的利益,加强全球环境治理的意识,从熟悉学习阶段向主动参与制定规则转变,发挥我国环境非政府组织在全球环境治理中的积极作用,开展全球环境治理专项研究,加强全球环境治理人才队伍建设.     

浅谈丹东市县域经济如何实现可持续发展战略

分析丹东市县域经济走可持续发展道路的重要性和必要性,根据实际情况,提出丹东市县域经济实现可持续发展战略的途径。     

Optimal Environmental Management Strategy and Implementation for Groundwater Contamination Prevention and Restoration

An innovative management strategy is proposed for optimized and integrated environmental management for regional or national groundwater contamination prevention and restoration allied with consideration of sustainable development. This management strategy accounts for availability of limited resources, human health and ecological risks from groundwater contamination, costs for groundwater protection measures, beneficial uses and values from groundwater protection, and sustainable development. Six different categories of costs are identified with regard to groundwater prevention and restoration. In addition, different environmental impacts from groundwater contamination including human health and ecological risks are individually taken into account. System optimization principles are implemented to accomplish decision-makings on the optimal resources allocations of the available resources or budgets to different existing contaminated sites and projected contamination sites for a maximal risk reduction. Established management constraints such as budget limitations under different categories of costs are satisfied at the optimal solution. A stepwise optimization process is proposed in which the first step is to select optimally a limited number of sites where remediation or prevention measures will be taken, from all the existing contaminated and projected contamination sites, based on a total regionally or nationally available budget in a certain time frame such as 10 years. Then, several optimization steps determined year-by-year optimal distributions of the available yearly budgets for those selected sites. A hypothetical case study is presented to demonstrate a practical implementation of the management strategy. Several issues pertaining to groundwater contamination exposure and risk assessments and remediation cost evaluations are briefly discussed for adequately understanding implementations of the management strategy.     

水环境保护新战略研究

为适应社会主义市场经济的要求,必需不失时机地调整水环境保护整体思路,建立新战略。新战略的内容是：动员全社会在源头削减污染物产生量;全面实行排放水污染物总量控制;把水环境保护纳入市场经济轨道;建立强有力的水环境管理机制。     

The vertical integration of Lisbon and sustainable development strategies across the EU: How different governance architectures shape the European coherence of policy documents

In Europe, sustainable development (SD) is pursued with not one but two overarching strategies, i.e., the so-called Lisbon and SD strategies. While the Lisbon Strategy is a genuinely European response to global economic and social pressures, SD strategies are national efforts corresponding with international (mainly United Nations) guidance to better coordinate and integrate economic, social and, in particular, environmental policies. The present paper explores the vertical coordination and coherence of the two pan-European strategies. After reviewing the international background of SD strategies and the EU origins of the Lisbon strategy, the paper characterizes and compares the governance architectures of the two strategies. With a solid background on how vertical policy integration functions in the two processes, the paper then shows how this affects the coherence of respective strategy structures and monitoring indicators. Based on an extensive empirical stocktaking study of the objectives and indicators in Lisbon and SD strategies across Europe it is shown that, despite the stronger European coordination through the Open Method of Coordination, the Lisbon process entailed only slightly more coherent national strategies than international guidance did in the context of SD strategies. Thus, the paper concludes that the influence international organizations such as the UN and the OECD have on national policy-making must not be underestimated.     

Governance of Complex Socio-Environmental Risks: The Case of Hazardous Chemicals in the Baltic Sea

Complex socio-environmental risks challenge society. In response to scientific uncertainty and socio-political controversies, environmental governance, precaution, and the ecosystem approach to management are held forward as complements to governmental risk-based sector-restricted regulation. We analyze this development for hazardous substances in the Baltic Sea. Based on interviews and policy analysis, we study informal governance and, in particular, four central EU and international policies, and investigate how present governance relates to risks and objectives at hand. While showing emergence of broader governance approaches, we conclude that central objectives will not likely be met. Furthermore, we question the quest for broad environmental governance and emphasize the value of command and control regulation, if it implements precaution. These findings contribute to the theorizing on environmental (risk) governance. Finally, we provide some ideas that could help development and implementation of risk policies for hazardous chemicals in the Baltic Sea as well as other complex risks.     

水工环地质灾害危险性评估的策略研究

随着我国各方面持续的发展,工程建设中的基础建设也不断深入,在后续的使用过程中,因水利工程、矿山开采等对地质环境造成了极其严重的影响,如果不及时改变这些不良的地质环境问题,很有可能对我们以后的生活产生影响。所以,我们要在施工前对工程建设的水利地质灾害进行危险评估,通过科学并且合理的评估,分析当前我国水工环地质灾害的危险性,希望可以对改善我国不良环境提出一些针对性的解决方案。