欧盟甲烷减排战略对我国碳中和的启示

欧盟于2020年10月出台了《欧盟甲烷减排战略》,以支撑其中长期温室气体减排目标。该战略共提出了五个领域的24个行动方案。欧盟将油气行业作为重点,设置了两个强制性的政策来完善能源部门的温室气体监测、报告和核查制度,并禁止天然气放空和燃烧。农业领域以加强全生命周期甲烷排放核算、减排技术等方面研究,编制最佳减排实践和技术清单为主要措施。在废弃物管理领域,欧盟将主要修订废弃物管理方面的立法和废水处理标准并加强监管。全球层面,欧盟提出希望联合包括中国在内的主要油气进口国家,推动建立全球性的监测、报告和核查标准,分享其甲烷超级排放源探测的卫星数据等措施。我国提出2060碳中和愿景后,下一阶段温室气体减排将会从能源相关二氧化碳减排为主扩展到全部温室气体减排。建议我国和欧盟在甲烷减排方面开展广泛合作,借鉴欧盟的经验,尽快制定我国甲烷减排近期、中期、远期目标和行动计划,推广甲烷减排技术,加强科学研究和技术研发,探索在国家碳市场交易体系中纳入甲烷等非二氧化碳气体的时机和方案,鼓励大型能源企业加入国际甲烷减排倡议以提高能力,逐步完善我国甲烷减排相关政策和制度环境,打造我国在低碳领域的经济和技术竞争力。     

Project safety as a sustainable competitive advantage

Introduction: To be consistently profitable, a construction company must complete projects in scope, on schedule, and on budget. At the same time, the nature of the often high-risk work performed by construction companies can result in high accident rates. Clients and other stakeholders are placing increasing pressure on companies to decrease those accident rates. Clients routinely demand copies of safety plans and evidence of past results at the “pre-qualification” or “request for proposal” stages of the procurement process. Are high accident rates and the associated costs just a part of business? Findings: Companies that deliver on scope, schedule, and budget have a competitive advantage. Is it possible for projects with low accident rates to use it as a competitive advantage? Is the value added by safety just a temporary or parity issue, or does a successful safety program offer significant advantage to the company and the client? Impact on Industry: This article concludes that in the case of a high-risk industry, such as the construction industry, an organization with a successful safety program can promote safety performance as a sustainable competitive advantage. It is a choice the company can make.     

我国农业减灾工作发展战略研究

本文对我国资源态势及自然灾害对农业生产的影响进行了分析,并对我国农业发展的战略对策提出了四点建议:重视减轻自然灾害的迫切性;建立减轻自然灾害的研究体系及管理体系;建立防御自然灾害的现代化农业体系;增强农业防御自然灾害的经济实力.     

试论湖南生物多样性的研究现状与对策

本文从湖南生物多样性的研究现状出发,指出了存在的一些问题,提出了开展湖南生物多样性研究的若干对策。     

小灾害引发大灾情：1997年陕西延川县永坪镇崩塌灾害的思考

１９９７年１１月２０日,陕西延川县永平镇发生崩塌灾害,崩体仅４２００ｍ３,但损失惨重．本文在简述灾情的基础上,分析了灾害的成因,并就黄土高原区减轻滑坡、崩塌灾害所造成的损失提出了相应的对策．     

基于风险管控的污染地块修复模式概述

基于风险管控的理念,结合风险产生的3要素(污染源、暴露途径和风险受体),分别介绍了污染地块治理修复的多种可选修复模式。在多层次风险防控的思路下构建污染地块的修复模式,可以为污染地块的安全利用提供多样化的解决方案。     

Environmental Policy in Russia: Economic,Legal, and Organizational Issues

/ Despite the suspension and closing down of many pollutingindustrial facilities and corresponding expectations of positive change inthat field, it is argued that the environmental situation in Russia in thefirst half of the 1990s has not improved. To corroborate this point, thelatest available data are presented and the deep roots and complexities ofthe current socioeconomic and political situation in the country areanalyzed. Using analogies and "component accounting" approaches,the original economic assessments of environmental damage in the recent pastand current period in Russia are offered for comparison with similar datafrom a selection of developed countries. A model of a new environmentalstrategy and policy is developed and its economic, legal, and organizationaldimensions are examined.KEY WORDS: Damage; Environmental costs; Policy; Pollution; Publicparticipation; Risk; Strategy     

Mating strategies and mating success of fallow (Dama dama) bucks in a non-lekking population

The rutting behaviour of bucks in an enclosed population was investigated between 1988 and 1990. A substantial proportion of the matings were observed. After preliminary observations in the 1987 rut we categorised bucks into one of four rutting strategies based mainly on their degree of territoriality. We investigate the effects of age, dominance and mating strategy on mating success. Territories were aggregated in an area of oak woods and mating success was highly skewed. Bucks of between 5 and 7 years old achieved the majority (over 90%) of observed matings. Mating success was highly correlated with dominance but only weakly related to fighting success. The possession of a territory was crucial to achieving high reproductive success, with a 38-fold difference between the most and least successful strategies. Bucks pursuing the different strategies also differed in the time they commenced groaning, timing of matings, mating interference and the locations where they achieved their matings. Although high-ranking males devoted considerable effort to obtaining and defending a territory only 36% of each buck's matings were achieved on his territory and males tended to abandon these sites when the tendency of females to visit them decreased.     

关于建设重庆市黔江生态区的思考

建设生态城市是时代所趋，本文探讨了建设重庆市黔江生态区的必要性与可行性，提出了建设目标与思路，明确了战略与重点，并以提高认识，统一规划，优惠政策，加强环保，依靠科技，增大投入，依法治区，突出重点，强化宣教，加强领导，严格考核等方面提出了对策，这对于建设生态区，生态城市具有现实意义。     

如何面对环保产业的挑战、风险和机遇

目前全球经济一体化格局的形成和全球环境日益恶化 ,公众环境意识的提高和消费需求观念的变革给未来社会支柱产业之一——环保产业兴起、发展提供了一个良好的舞台。尤其是中国入世后 ,环保产业面临哪些风险及如何面对困境和挑战、机遇是我们今天关注的焦点。面对困境和挑战、风险和机遇 ,作出什么样的策略直接影响着我国整个生态环境的改善和环保产业的发展。本文拟对此作些浅探 ,并提出了相应的对策。