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61.
62.
含硫酸盐有机废水处理问题的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文分析硫酸盐对厌氧生物处理的不利影响,即硫酸盐通过硫酸盐还原菌对厌氧发酵的第一次抑制作用和硫酸盐的还原产物——硫化氢对产甲烷菌的第二次抑制作用.讨论决定硫酸盐对厌氧生物处理影响程度的几个因素:进水COD/SO_4~(2-)、重金属离子浓度、消化液pH、厌氧污泥浓度等,并认为COD/SO_4~(2-)是其中最主要的因素;最后对处理该类废水的几种方法进行了综述. 相似文献
63.
建立了艾士卡-离子色谱测定植物中含硫量的方法,该法利用植物样品与艾士卡试剂的混合灼烧,将植物中的硫转化为硫酸盐进行测定,再根据硫酸根的含量计算植物中含硫量。经验证,该方法检出限为0.01%,精密度为2.3%~3.9%,回收率为91.7%~104.3%,适用于植物中含硫量的测定。 相似文献
64.
In this paper, black rice husk ashes (BRHAs), which are agrowastes from an electricity generating power plant and a rice mill, were ground and used as a partial cement replacement. The durability of mortars under sulfate attack including expansion and compressive strength loss were investigated. For parametric study, BRHA were used as a Portland cement Type 1 replacement at the levels of 0%, 10%, 30%, and 50% by weight of binder. The water-to-binder ratios were 0.55 and 0.65. For the durability of mortar exposed to sulfate attack, 5% sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) solutions were used. As a result, when increasing the percentage replacement of BRHA, the expansion and compressive strength loss of mortar decreased. At the replacement levels of 30% and 50% of BRHA, the expansion of the mortars was less than those mixed with sulfate-resistant cement. However, the expansion of the mortars exposed to Na2SO4 was more than those exposed to MgSO4. Increasing the replacement level of BRHA tends to reduce the compressive strength loss of mortars exposed to Na2SO4 attack. In contrary, under MgSO4 attack, when increasing the replacement level of BRHA, the compressive strength loss increases from 0% to 50% in comparison to Portland cement mortar. Results show that ground BRHA can be applied as a pozzolanic material to concrete and also improve resistance to sodium sulfate attack, but it can impair resistance to magnesium sulfate attack. 相似文献
65.
Biodegradation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) by anaerobic consortia from a contaminated site 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study examined the role of denitrifying and sulfate-reducing bacteria in biodegradation of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Microbial inocula were obtained from a PETN-contaminated soil. PETN degradation was evaluated using nitrate and/or sulfate as electron acceptors and acetate as a carbon source. Results showed that under different electron acceptor conditions tested, PETN was sequentially reduced to pentaerythritol via the intermediary formation of tri-, di- and mononitrate pentaerythritol (PETriN, PEDN and PEMN). The addition of nitrate enhanced the degradation rate of PETN by stimulating greater microbial activity and growth of nitrite reducing bacteria that were responsible for degrading PETN. However, a high concentration of nitrite (350 mg L−1) accumulated from nitrate reduction, consequently caused self-inhibition and temporarily delayed PETN biodegradation. In contrast, PETN degraded at very similar rates in the presence and absence of sulfate, while PETN inhibited sulfate reduction. It is apparent that denitrifying bacteria possessing nitrite reductase were capable of using PETN and its intermediates as terminal electron acceptors in a preferential utilization sequence of PETN, PETriN, PEDN and PEMN, while sulfate-reducing bacteria were not involved in PETN biodegradation. This study demonstrated that under anaerobic conditions and with sufficient carbon source, PETN can be effectively biotransformed by indigenous denitrifying bacteria, providing a viable means of treatment for PETN-containing wastewaters and PETN-contaminated soils. 相似文献
66.
67.
Transport and transformation of sulfur compounds over East Asia during the TRACE-P and ACE-Asia campaigns 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Meigen Zhang Itsushi Uno Yasuhiro Yoshida Yongfu Xu Zifa Wang Hajime Akimoto Timothy Bates Trish Quinn Alan Bandy Byron Blomquist 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2004,38(40):6947
On the basis of the recently estimated emission inventory for East Asia with a resolution of 1×1°, the transport and chemical transformation of sulfur compounds over East Asia during the period of 22 February through 4 May 2001 was investigated by using the Models-3 Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system with meteorological fields calculated by the regional atmospheric modeling system (RAMS). For evaluating the model performance simulated concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and aerosol sulfate (SO42−) were compared with the observations on the ground level at four remote sites in Japan and on board aircraft and vessel during the transport and chemical evolution over the Pacific and Asian Pacific regional aerosol characterization experiment field campaigns, and it was found that the model reproduces many of the important features in the observations, including horizontal and vertical gradients. The SO2 and SO42− concentrations show pronounced variations in time and space, with SO2 and SO42− behaving differently due to the interplay of chemical conversion, removal and transport processes. Analysis of model results shows that emission was the dominant term in regulating the SO2 spatial distribution, while conversion of SO2 to SO42− in the gas phase and the aqueous phase and wet removal were the primary factors that controlled SO42− amounts. The gas phase and the aqueous phase have the same importance in oxidizing SO2, and about 42% sulfur compounds (25% in SO2) emitted in the model domain was transported out, while about 57% (35% by wet removal processes) was deposited in the domain during the study period. 相似文献
68.
Keke Li Huosheng Li Tangfu Xiao Gaosheng Zhang Aiping Liang Ping Zhang Lianhua Lin Zexin Chen Xinyu Cao Jianyou Long 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(2):34
69.
Biological sulfate reduction was studied in a laboratory-scale anaerobic sequential batch reactor (14 L) containing mineral coal for biomass attachment. The reactor was fed industrial wastewater with increasingly high sulfate concentrations to establish its application limits. Special attention was paid to the use of butanol in the sulfate reduction that originated from melamine resin production. This product was used as the main organic amendment to support the biological process. The reactor was operated for 65 cycles (48 h each) at sulfate loading rates ranging from 2.2 to 23.8 g SO(4)(2-)/cycle, which corresponds to sulfate concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 g SO(4)(2-) L(-1). The sulfate removal efficiency reached 99% at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g SO(4)(2-) L(-1). At higher sulfate concentrations (2.0 and 3.0 g SO(4)(2-) L(-1)), the sulfate conversion remained in the range of 71-95%. The results demonstrate the potential applicability of butanol as the carbon source for the biological treatment of sulfate in an anaerobic batch reactor. 相似文献
70.
Manure is an impending source of carbon(C), sulfur(S) and water(H_2 O). Consequently,microbial populations utilize these constituents to produce methane(CH4), carbon dioxide(CO_2), greenhouse gases(GHGs), and hydrogen sulfide(H_2 S). Application of nanoparticles(NPs) to stored manure is an emerging GHG mitigation technique. In this study, two NPs: nano zinc oxide(nZnO) and nano silver(nAg) were tested in swine manure stored under anaerobic conditions to determine their effectiveness in mitigating gaseous emissions and total gas production. The biological sources of gas production, i.e., microbial populations were characterized via Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction(qPCR) analysis. Additionally, pH, redox, and VFAs were determined using standard methods. Each treatment of the experiment was replicated three times and NPs were applied at a dose of 3 g/L of manure. Also, headspace gas from all treatment replicates were analyzed for CH_4 and CO_2 gas concentrations using an SRI-8610 Gas Chromatograph and H_2 S concentrations were measured using a Jerome 631 X meter. Nanoparticles tested in this study reduced the cumulative gas volume by 16%–79% compared to the control. Among the NPs tested, only nZnO consistently reduced GHG concentrations by 37%–97%. Reductions in H_2 S concentrations ranged from 87% to97%. Gaseous reductions were likely due to decreases in the activity and numbers of specific gas producing methanogenic archaea and sulfate reducing bacterial(SRB)species. 相似文献