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281.
Giuseppe Siracusa Angela D. La Rosa Paolo Palma Emiliano La Mola 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2008,10(6):845-855
The emergy analysis was used to evaluate the sustainability of a village which aims to be ecologically friendly. The choice
of focusing on the use of local resources including agriculture and farm goods, photovoltaic panels, renewable heating and
cooling systems, recycled water from constructed wetlands etc., aims to obtain a sustainable village. Indices and ratios based
on emergy flows have been calculated and used to evaluate the behaviour of the whole system. Their dependence upon the fraction
of renewable and non renewable inputs as well as locally available versus purchased inputs from outside is stressed. A new
index of sustainability (SI) is also applied to the case study.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献
282.
Steven J. Wright Evelyn Habit Sara Adlerstein Oscar Parra Jeremy D. Semrau 《Sustainability Science》2009,4(1):29-36
A course for upper division undergraduate students was developed in response to a request for a cross-disciplinary course
in environmental sustainability with an emphasis on an international issue. The topic selected for the course focused on the
energy needs for Chile and a proposal for five hydropower projects on the Baker and Pascua Rivers in the Patagonia area. Collaborations
between the University of Michigan (USA) and the University of Concepción (Chile) to develop the course led to a plan to offer
a parallel course at both universities, with the students of both courses participating in a site visit to Patagonia. The
courses were structured to enhance learning through interdisciplinary team-based activities. The courses were taught in a
seminar format, with invited lecturers to provide background information on technical, environmental, economic, social, and
political issues surrounding hydropower development in general and the proposed projects in particular. The students combined
this information with insights obtained during the site visit to prepare a variety of course products, notably an assessment
of the concerns of the various affected stakeholder groups. Assessment of the course outcomes is discussed. 相似文献
283.
Educational initiative of Osaka University in sustainability science: mobilizing science and technology towards sustainability 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Michinori Uwasu Helmut Yabar Keishiro Hara Yoshiyuki Shimoda Tatsuyoshi Saijo 《Sustainability Science》2009,4(1):45-53
One of the most important and yet difficult challenges that modern societies face is how to mobilize science and technology
(S&T) to minimize the impact of human activities on the Earth’s life support systems. As the establishment of inter-disciplinary
education programs is necessary to design a unified vision towards understanding the complexity of human nature, the Research
Institute for Sustainability Science (RISS) launched a new program on sustainability science in April 2008. The program expects
to address the issue of how to use knowledge more effectively to understand the dynamic interactions between nature and human
society. This paper first offers an overview of international and Japanese initiatives on sustainability education in which
we highlight the uniqueness of the attempt by the Integrated Research System for Sustainability Science (IR3S). The paper
then introduces the RISS program for sustainability science, addressing the principles and curriculum design of the program.
The paper discusses the main problems and constraints faced when developing the program, such as institutional barriers in
building a curriculum and obtaining cooperation from faculty. To challenge these barriers and limitations, the RISS uses the
program as a platform to disseminate the idea of sustainability science across the university. This attempt helps us to obtain
the continuing cooperation necessary to improve and maintain the program.
相似文献
Michinori UwasuEmail: |
284.
John Cusick 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2009,11(4):801-813
This article presents a case study of an existing study abroad program to New Zealand interested in infusing sustainability
themes into the curriculum. The review of the program is set in the context of United Nations Education for Sustainable Development
goals and the role of sustainability in institutions of higher education. The author was an invited external observer and
suggests that study abroad programs in support of sustainability education provide transformative learning experiences that
invest in the well being of both people and places.
Readers should send their comments on this paper to: BhaskarNath@aol.com within 3 months of publication of this issue. 相似文献
285.
Rita Santos Ronald Wennersten Eduardo B.L. Oliva Walter Leal Filho 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(12):3708
The competitiveness, in terms of macro and micro levels of an enterprise, is often dictated by its capacity to innovate, ability to respond to the needs of the market, and resilience to challenges from competition. This paper reviews the literature on the adaptation of research and development (R&D) units in subsidiaries of multinational corporations. It focuses mainly on the impact of the technological dynamic on sustainability performance of the Brazilian subsidiary of the Swedish multinational Ericsson. Through a conceptual framework, it explores information and communication technologies (ICT) towards a transversal and comprehensive vision of levels of innovation and sustainability. 相似文献
286.
An index based method is developed that ranks the subwatersheds of a watershed based on their relative impacts on watershed
response to anticipated land developments, and then applied to an urbanizing watershed in Eastern Pennsylvania. Simulations
with a semi-distributed hydrologic model show that computed low- and high-flow frequencies at the main outlet increase significantly
with the projected landscape changes in the watershed. The developed index is utilized to prioritize areas in the urbanizing
watershed based on their contributions to alterations in the magnitude of selected flow characteristics at two spatial resolutions.
The low-flow measure, 7Q10, rankings are shown to mimic the spatial trend of groundwater recharge rates, whereas average annual maximum daily flow,
, and average monthly median of daily flows, , rankings are influenced by both recharge and proximity to watershed outlet. Results indicate that, especially with the higher
resolution, areas having quicker responses are not necessarily the more critical areas for high-flow scenarios. Subwatershed
rankings are shown to vary slightly with the location of water quality/quantity criteria enforcement. It is also found that
rankings of subwatersheds upstream from the site of interest, which could be the main outlet or any interior point in the
watershed, may be influenced by the time scale of the hydrologic processes. 相似文献
287.
Westley F Olsson P Folke C Homer-Dixon T Vredenburg H Loorbach D Thompson J Nilsson M Lambin E Sendzimir J Banerjee B Galaz V van der Leeuw S 《Ambio》2011,40(7):762-780
This article explores the links between agency, institutions, and innovation in navigating shifts and large-scale transformations toward global sustainability. Our central question is whether social and technical innovations can reverse the trends that are challenging critical thresholds and creating tipping points in the earth system, and if not, what conditions are necessary to escape the current lock-in. Large-scale transformations in information technology, nano- and biotechnology, and new energy systems have the potential to significantly improve our lives; but if, in framing them, our globalized society fails to consider the capacity of the biosphere, there is a risk that unsustainable development pathways may be reinforced. Current institutional arrangements, including the lack of incentives for the private sector to innovate for sustainability, and the lags inherent in the path dependent nature of innovation, contribute to lock-in, as does our incapacity to easily grasp the interactions implicit in complex problems, referred to here as the ingenuity gap. Nonetheless, promising social and technical innovations with potential to change unsustainable trajectories need to be nurtured and connected to broad institutional resources and responses. In parallel, institutional entrepreneurs can work to reduce the resilience of dominant institutional systems and position viable shadow alternatives and niche regimes. 相似文献
288.
Ohman KV Hettiaratchi JP Ruwanpura J Balakrishnan J Achari G 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,135(1-3):85-97
The application of scientifically based decision making tools to help address solid waste management issues dates back to
the early 1960s. Researchers continue to use operations research tools to help optimize landfill design and operating parameters.
This paper discusses the application of another type of decision making tool, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), to address
priority ranking for a number of landfill engineering design and operating objectives in developing and developed countries.
In this application, the AHP is used to rank, and prioritize, economic, environmental, health and safety, legislative and
public perception objectives for landfill design and operations specific to landfill distance from a community, and precipitation
levels. Results from a global survey using the Delphi process are included, with a discussion on the survey’s impact on the
objective rankings relative to community proximity and precipitation. The Delphi process worked extremely well, and was an
excellent tool to use in this application. The initial results from the objective rankings show promise in the development
of an integrated model for landfill design and operation. 相似文献
289.
Mehdi Gholamalifard Jason Phillips Mahdi Jalili Ghazizade 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2017,60(5):792-820
It can be difficult for assessors and decision-makers to compare different options for a project, and thus come to a reasoned and objective decision concerning the impacts and its sustainability at the local level. Therefore, using integrated assessment becomes crucially important for evaluating proposed different options. In this paper, we apply the Rapid Integrated Sustainability Assessment Method (RISAM) to evaluate the proposed unmitigated options for a municipal waste disposal site in Tehran, Iran. The results obtained showed that all of the alternative unmitigated options to the current method of open dumping were indicated as being consistent with very weak sustainability. The RISAM method demonstrated offers potential considerable benefits with respect to improved efficiency, reduced need for resources, and improved consistency and transparency in evaluation and reporting. 相似文献
290.
A Review of the Elements of Human Well-Being with an Emphasis on the Contribution of Ecosystem Services 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Natural ecosystems perform fundamental life-support services upon which human civilization depends. However, many people believe that nature provides these services for free and therefore, they are of little or no value. While we do not pay for them, we pay significantly for their loss in terms of wastewater treatment facilities, moratoriums on greenhouse gases, increased illnesses, reduced soil fertility and losses in those images of nature that contribute to our basic happiness. Little is understood about the well-being benefits of the natural environment and its ecosystem services. The interwoven relationship of ecosystems and human well-being is insufficiently acknowledged in the wider philosophical, social, and economic well-being literature. In this article, we discuss an approach to examine human well-being and the interactions of its four primary elements-basic human needs, economic needs, environmental needs, and subjective well-being-and ecosystem services. 相似文献