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排序方式: 共有119条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Greater emphasis is being placed on indicators of agri-environmental efficiency of organic production systems. Linking environmental measures with profitability measures based on net income is the only way to develop such indicators. A stochastic production frontier model that explicitly incorporates farm decisions about acquiring and managing organic soil-improving inputs is used to measure efficiency. The results confirm that on-farm self-sufficiency in soil-improving inputs is positively related to farm-level efficiency. 相似文献
34.
Numerous empirical and simulation-based studies have documented or estimated variable impacts to the economic growth of nation states due to the adoption of domestic climate change mitigation policies. However, few studies have been able to empirically link projected changes in economic growth to the provision of public goods and services. In this research, we couple projected changes in economic growth to US states brought about by the adoption of a domestic climate change mitigation policy with a longitudinal panel dataset detailing the production of outdoor recreation opportunities on lands managed in the public interest. Joining empirical data and simulation-based estimates allow us to better understand how the adoption of a domestic climate change mitigation policy would affect the provision of public goods in the future. We first employ a technical efficiency model and metrics to provide decision makers with evidence of specific areas where operational efficiencies within the nation's state park systems can be improved. We then augment the empirical analysis with simulation-based changes in gross state product (GSP) to estimate changes to the states’ ability to provide outdoor recreation opportunities from 2014 to 2020; the results reveal substantial variability across states. Finally, we explore two potential solutions (increasing GSP or increasing technical efficiency) for addressing the negative impacts on the states’ park systems operating budgets brought about by the adoption of a domestic climate change mitigation policy; the analyses suggest increasing technical efficiency would be the most viable solution if/when the US adopts a greenhouse gas reduction policy. 相似文献
35.
D. Fleury 《Safety Science》1998,29(3):217-228
Road planning is based on technical rules, know-how acquired from experience and professional expertise. A more ergonomics approach to road planning and safety analyses the psychological procedures used by the drivers. Every intervention on road network has an influence on safety. Increasing the coherency of all the interventions in the same area is the only possible way of producing areas with a better level of security. This paper deals with safety procedures, diagnostics and tools which can be used at different levels of intervention. 相似文献
36.
安全投资技术经济分析的研究 总被引:8,自引:4,他引:8
在分析安全投资项目特殊性的基础上,提出了较为完整的安全投资技术经济分析方法,为企业进行安全投资决策提供了充分的依据。 相似文献
37.
近年来,场地和土壤污染勘查评价与修复逐渐发展成为环境科学和土木工程领域的热点,场地和土壤修复业务随之愈来愈多。但土壤修复理论和技术发展相对缓慢,无法满足土壤修复行业发展的需要。实践中,在场地和土壤污染勘查与评价的现行标准中,对土壤环境质量评价仅考虑了土壤中某物质成分的人为超标问题,而忽视了土壤中自然异常而导致土壤中某物质成分超标问题的评价,且误将土壤中某物质成分的超标等级定为土壤污染程度等级的全部。针对这些问题,本文通过研究,在深入分析各领域土壤污染评价差异的基础上,提出了土壤污染评价的一般过程、方法和标准,供标准修订参考。 相似文献
38.
安全科学与社会可持续发展 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:5
隋鹏程 《中国安全科学学报》2000,10(2):7-10
笔者介绍了安全科学的兴起和内涵 ;认为安全科学的定义应是保护人类安全健康的、促进社会可持续发展的、跨门类综合性的交叉科学 ;论述了安全生产是我国的一项基本国策及全国安全生产现状 ,说明了伤亡事故的严重性和重大损失对我国社会发展的负面影响。还对安全科学促进社会可持续发展提出了 1 0项建议 ,其中包括 2 1世纪初期 2 0年内的重大科技问题的攻关内容的建议 ,可供国家有关部门战略决策的参考。 相似文献
39.
Eric L. Hyman 《Environmental management》1986,10(1):11-20
A large number of organizations make decisions that directly or indirectly affect tropical forests. The principal constraints that affect these organizations are (1) insufficient funds; (2) insufficient knowledge about the resources and appropriate technologies; (3) institutional, cultural, and political factors; (4) inadequate communication; and (5) contradictory efforts. Opportunities for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of these organizations include (1) increasing cooperation among US government agencies; (2) redirecting international organizations; (3) increasing coordination among organizations; (4) boosting support of nongovernmental organizations and universities; (5) encouraging responsible involvement by private corporations; (6) strengthening existing organizations; and (7) creating new organizations.This article is drawn from US Congress, Office of Technology Assessment (1984), Technologies to Sustain Tropical Forest Resources, chap. 5. Other articles drawn from the OTA report are Hyman (1984a and b) and Hyman and Ross-Sheriff (1984). A larger number of organizations with activities related to tropical forestry are briefly described in the background paper (US Congress, Office of Technology Assessment 1983). 相似文献
40.
《Environmental Communication: A Journal of Nature and Culture》2013,7(2):171-193
Public participation is widely lauded as a way to make environmental decisions more democratic, to improve their quality, and to enhance their legitimacy. Scholars and citizens around the world repeatedly complain, however, that public participation frequently serves primarily as a pro forma exercise to defend predetermined decisions rather than as a meaningful opportunity for the affected public to influence decision-making. These critiques persist despite considerable research suggesting ways to improve the quality of public participation. This essay explores this problem by analyzing citizen involvement in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) processes for the Allain Duhangan hydropower project in northern India. It describes how meaningful public involvement was compromised—despite repeated objections by citizens and independent consultants—by four communication practices: (1) failing to provide adequate access to information; (2) predetermining EIA outcomes by controlling the definition of issues (“definitional hegemony”); (3) privileging scientific/technical discourse; (4) utilizing “consultative” forms of communication that promote one-way flows of information rather than more interactive forms that encourage the joint construction of information and values. This study further argues that these practices persist because they serve as acts of power that privilege dominant actors and interests in the larger socio-political context. This analysis thus suggests that altering communication practices that compromise the quality of public participation may require attending to the interaction between communication practices, relations of power, and the larger socio-political context in which public participation takes place. 相似文献