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511.
Experimental study on thermal runaway risk of 18650 lithium ion battery under side-heating condition
To simulate the heat transfer process between lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), an electric heater with the same size and shape as LIB in this work is used to trigger thermal runaway event. The effect of state of charge (SOC), the power of heater, the cell spacing on thermal behavior of LIB was investigated as well the amount of transferred heat between the heater and LIB was calculated. The results indicate that 50% SOC is an unstable state for LIB, that a stronger jet flame becomes more likely when the SOC of LIB is higher than 50%. Additionally, the increased spacing, lower heating power and SOC can contribute to mitigate the severity of thermal runaway behavior. Further, the dominant path of heat transfer between the heater and LIB will also vary with operating conditions. The heat conduction through air is the main heat transfer path in tests with lower heating power. However, heat radiation will replace heat conduction as the primary heat transfer mode when there is a large temperature difference between the heater and LIB in tests with higher heating power. Understanding the leading heat transfer path between LIBs can provide valuable guidelines for the safety design of lithium-ion battery modules. 相似文献
512.
513.
Dr. Suprapto H. Sastrowijoto M.D. Phd. Kamiel Vandenberghe Philippe Moerman Joseph M. Lauweryns Jean-Pierre Fryns 《黑龙江环境通报》1994,14(8):770-776
Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata (RCDP) is a sublethal autosomal recessive disorder characterized by skeletal dysplasia, microcephaly, mental retardation, congenital cataracts, joint contractures, skin changes, and failure to thrive. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis has been reported during the second trimester of pregnancy. Prenatal diagnosis is also possible from the first trimester onwards by demonstration of peroxisomal dysfunction in cultured chorionic villous or amniotic fluid cells. In all cases reported hitherto, the prenatal diagnosis was established after the birth of a previous affected child. In contrast to these studies in pregnant multiparous women at risk for RCDP, we report on the first case of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of RCDP at 19 weeks' gestation in a primigravida. In addition, a complex cardiac malformation associated with hypoplasia of the thymus (DiGeorge anomaly) is described. 相似文献
514.
515.
华北地区冬小麦干旱时空分布特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据作物气候指标距平,利用经验正交函数和小波分析方法,研究了华北地区冬小麦干旱的空间分布和时间演变特征。研究结果表明,主要有3种空间分布类型:以中西部为中心的全区一致型;西北、东南相反分布型,其正值中心分布在北京、霸州等区域,负值中心分布在济南、淄川、临沂等区域;东、西相反分布型,其正值中心分布在河北省东北部的唐山、秦皇岛和山东省的烟台、福山、海阳为等区域,负值中心分布在河北省的邢台、石家庄以及河南省的安阳和新乡等区域;3种空间分布型时间系数变化趋势都表明,20世纪90年代以后华北地区冬小麦干旱呈加重的趋势。 相似文献
516.
Shin-ichi Sakai Yukio Noma Akiko Kida 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(2):151-158
The Japanese Government introduced the Law on Recycling of End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV Recycling Law) in 2002. This law requires
manufacturers to retrieve chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), airbags, and automobile shredder residue (ASR) from ELVs and to properly
recycle the remaining materials. This framework is compared with European ELV directives. Pilot-scale incineration plant testing
has revealed a greater formation of by-product persistent organic pollutants (POPs) during the primary combustion of ASR compared
to normal municipal solid waste. This may be attributed to the abundance of chlorine, Cu, and Fe in ASR, as Cu and Fe have
been found to catalyze the formation of POPs under certain conditions. However, most by-product POPs were destroyed by the
secondary combustion, and almost all were removed after flue gas treatment. The direct melting system is a shaft-type gasification
and melting technology that has proved effective in many municipal solid waste applications. This system can be applied to
ASR recycling for effective decomposition of brominated flame retardants and polybrominated dioxins. 相似文献
517.
北京时间 2 0 0 11114T 17∶2 6 ,在昆仑山口西发生了 8 1级地震。震中为 36 2°N ,90 9°E。这次地震前徐州地震台体应变仪、水管仪、伸缩仪数字化形变观测记录到了较明显的短临异常信息。本文试对这些异常进行分析。 相似文献
518.
S.?AlbonettiEmail author S.?Blasioli M.?Bugani C.?Lehaut-Burnouf S.?Augustine E.?Roncari F.?Trifirò 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2003,1(3):197-200
The aim of the plesent investigation was to study the effect of SiO2 addition on the thermal deactivation of V2O5/WO3/TiO2 catalysts used for NOx pollution abatement. The results suggest that the degradation of the catalytic properties is strongly correlated to the structural ageing which is, in turn, mainly related to the anatase–rutile phase transformation and to the WO3 phase segregation. The addition of SiO2 strongly influences the temperature at which these phenomena occur. In fact, it was found that the introduction of this oxide stabilizes the material, retarding the collapse of surface area, and increases the temperature of the anatase to rutile phase transition. 相似文献
519.
Philippe Gillard Baptiste Longuet 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(6):1506-1514
In this work, a new modelling of interactions between components of aluminium/ammonium perchlorate/HTPB propellant during slow heating is presented. The phenomenon was previously described by experimental approaches performed in the laboratory. Heat and mass balance will be considered both in the solid and gas phases. The interaction of the decomposition products of both ammonium perchlorate and HTPB binder is shown thanks to previous experiments and a specific numerical model allows us to reproduce this trend. Mass and heat transfers are taken into account in each particle of ammonium perchlorate and inside the matrix of the HTPB binder. The chemical reaction in the gas phase is in interaction with the adsorption desorption of several species with regard to the surface grains. The whole set of equations is solved thanks to Comsol multiphysic solver and the numerical results are compared with mass loss measurements by means of a thermogravimetric device. 相似文献
520.
普通窗玻璃热破裂行为研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
运用微裂纹和热应力理论,根据建立的火灾中窗玻璃传热模型,从理论和实验上,系统地探讨了窗玻璃热破裂机理及其主要影响因素,并建立了一种预测窗玻璃热破裂 时间的方法。 相似文献