Photoperiod affects daily torpor and tissue fatty acid composition in deer mice

Photoperiod and dietary lipids both influence thermal physiology and the pattern of torpor of heterothermic mammals. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that photoperiod-induced physiological changes are linked to differences in tissue fatty acid composition of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus (∼18-g body mass). Deer mice were acclimated for >8 weeks to one of three photoperiods (LD, light/dark): LD 8:16 (short photoperiod), LD 12:12 (equinox photoperiod), and LD 16:8 (long photoperiod). Deer mice under short and equinox photoperiods showed a greater occurrence of torpor than those under long photoperiods (71, 70, and 14%, respectively). The duration of torpor bouts was longest in deer mice under short photoperiod (9.3 ± 2.6 h), intermediate under equinox photoperiod (5.1 ± 0.3 h), and shortest under long photoperiod (3.7 ± 0.6 h). Physiological differences in torpor use were associated with significant alterations of fatty acid composition in ∼50% of the major fatty acids from leg muscle total lipids, whereas white adipose tissue fatty acid composition showed fewer changes. Our results provide the first evidence that physiological changes due to photoperiod exposure do result in changes in lipid composition in the muscle tissue of deer mice and suggest that these may play a role in survival of low body temperature and metabolic rate during torpor, thus, enhancing favourable energy balance over the course of the winter.     

事故后果模拟分析法在安全评价应用中的问题及处理

分析了事故后果模拟分析方法在安全评价应用中存在的问题,方法中有关参数要根据现场实际情况计算、测量选取,否则计算结果就会失真.     

Seedling growth and metal accumulation of selected woody species in copper and lead/zinc mine tailings

A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of selected woody plants for revegetation in copper (Cu) and lead/zinc (Pb/Zn) mine tailing areas. Five woody species (Amorpha fruticosa Linn, Vitex trifolia Linn: var. simplicifolia Cham, Glochidion puberum (Linn.) Hutch, Broussonetia papyrifera, and Styrax tonkinensis) and one herbaceous species (Sesbania cannabina Pers) were planted in Cu and Pb/Zn tailings to assess their growth, root morphology, nutrition uptake, metal accumulation, and translocation in plants. Amorpha fruticosa maintained normal growth, while the other species demonstrated stress related growth and root development. Sesbania cannabina showed the highest biomass among the plants, although it decreased by 30% in Cu tailings and 40% in Pb/Zn tailings. Calculated tolerance index (TI) values suggested that A. fruticosa, an N-fixing shrub, was the most tolerant species to both tailings (TI values 0.92–1.01), while S. cannabina had a moderate TI of 0.65–0.81 and B. papyrifera was the most sensitive species, especially to Pb/Zn tailings (TI values 0.15–0.19). Despite the high concentrations of heavy metals in the mine tailings and plants roots, only a small transfer of these elements to the aboveground parts of the woody plants was evident from the low translocation factor (TF) values. Among the woody plants, V. trifolia var. simplicifolia had the highest TF values for Zn (1.32), Cu (0.78), and Pb/Zn (0.78). The results suggested that A. fruticosa and S. cannabina, which have the highest tolerance and biomass production, respectively, demonstrated the potential for tailings revegetation in southern China.     

电厂PM2．5排放现状与控制技术

大气颗粒物特别是超细颗粒物PM2．5对人体健康及环境会产生很大危害．燃煤电厂是超细颗粒物的重要排放源。本文简要阐述了燃煤电厂超细颗粒物排放的现状,并针对燃煤电厂重点介绍了超细颗粒物的排放控制技术．包括传统的除尘器加湿法脱硫设施的除尘、混合除尘控制技术、以及在传统除尘器前设置团聚预处理装置的技术等。指出了各种技术的利弊、应用现状及应用前景展望。     

风力发电场环境监理中风机敏感距离的测量

风电项目环境监理过程中需重点关注风机环境防护距离内有无环境敏感点。介绍了几种适用于风电项目环境监理测量距离的方法,并且对每种方法的适用范围及操作做了详细阐述。     

湿地水生植物的水质净化与资源化利用

介绍了湿地中水生植物的水质净化机理以及水生植物的生长、收割对水质净化效果的影响。对收获后大量水生植物的处置和资源化利用途径进行了综述,认为利用水生植物进行厌氧发酵制取清洁生物质能源是一种环保、经济、可行的方法,并探讨了水生植物成分对厌氧发酵特性的影响。     

重型机动车比功率计算方法研究

在交通环境领域,利用比功率进行机动车排放量化是近年来一个研究热点.本文阐述了比功率公式的来源及其基本理论,对比功率系数取值问题进行了深人研究;同时依据国内情况探讨了我国重型机动车不同车重区间下的比功率计算公式,利用实测数据对比分析了不同比功率算法的结果,并重点分析了利用轻型车比功率算法计算重型车比功率所产生的误差,结果...     

石化企业火电厂氨法脱硫技术应用和安全措施

介绍了某石化企业火电厂采用美国玛苏莱公司氨法脱硫技术进行的技术改造,根据工程潜在危险性所采取的主要安全措施及应注意的问题。     

中国水污染控制费用函数研究现状、问题与趋势

本研究对上个世纪八十年代起至今各个不同时期费用函数的研究内容、研究成果、研究目的进行全面梳理和分析,总结中国费用函数研究中六种费用函数模型,重点分析了费用-去除效率模型以及费用-规模、去除效率两种应用最为广泛的模型应用成果。在此基础上,分析中国费用函数研究中存在的五个方面主要问题。结合国家水专项项目费用函数研究目的,提出国家层面上开展费用函数研究的发展方向。     

齐齐哈尔市热电联产项目节能减排分析

以热电联产集中供热作为节能减排的重要措施,分析了齐齐哈尔市热电联产项目在节能降耗和污染减排中的作用.