地面水中氨,硝酸盐,亚硝酸盐,氯化物,正磷酸盐,总硬度和硅酸盐的同时测定

用AQUA800辨别分析仪同时测定地面水中的氨、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、氯化物、正磷酸盐、总硬度和硅酸盐,是一种简便、迅速、准确、可靠的测定方法,样品无需预处理,精密度试验其变异系数分别为1．24％、2．18％、2．02％、2．67％、2．35％、3．57％、4．78％,加标回收率分别为103．5％、101．0％、95．0％、99．2％、97．6％、101．5％、98．0％,方法检测限分别为氨0．022mg／L,硝酸盐0．015mp／L,亚硝酸盐0．002tug／L,氯化物0．47mg／L,正磷酸盐0．015mg／L,总硬度17．6mg／L,硅酸盐0．55mg/L,能满足地面水中辨别分析仪同时测定氨、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐点化物、正磷酸盐、总硬度和硅酸盐分析测定的要求。     

海水中总氮的测定方法比较研究

通过标准曲线、检出限和测定范围、方法精密度、方法准确度、实际海水样品测定结果、加标回收率、分析效率和物料消耗这几方面比较了过硫酸钾氧化法、流动注射分析法和高温氧化-化学发光检测法这3种测定海水中总氮(TN)方法的优缺点。结果表明,流动注射分析法和高温氧化-化学发光检测法的测定范围更宽,精密度、准确度更好,3种样品的加标回收率达到96.2%~101%;高温氧化-化学发光检测法分析效率高、物料消耗少、节能环保,适用于一般海水样品的批量分析,且由于测定范围大,该法也适用于TN浓度较高的海水样品的批量分析,流动注射分析法因其较低的检出限更适用于TN浓度较低的海水样品的批量分析。     

流域水环境污染物总量控制技术及运用分析

本文首先阐述了TMDL在污染物总量控制中的应用,然后结合特点和存在的不足之处,对我国总量控制技术的实施现状进行了剖析,最后明确提出了水环境污染物总量控制技术实施体系的构建措施,旨在将流域水环境的污染物排放控制在合理范围内,确保良好的控制效果,最大程度地满足环境质量标准。所以现对流域水环境污染物总量控制技术及运用进行详细论述,希望为相关行业人士提供些许帮助。     

太湖大气氮、磷干湿沉降特征

于2018年1—12月,采集太湖湖滨及湖面共计9个点位600多个干湿沉降样品,估算了N、P干、湿沉降率以及全太湖2018年N、P干、湿沉降通量。结果表明,2018年太湖TN和TP月湿沉降率均值分别为161. 2和7. 1 kg/(km~2·月),TN和TP月干沉降率均值分别为103. 6和4. 5 kg/(km~2·月)。TN和TP年干沉降率空间分布规律为:湖面之上开阔水域处的TN和TP年干沉降率大于其他湖滨点位,TN和TP总沉降通量为7 702和333 t/a。2018年相比于2002—2003年,TN和TP总沉降通量分别降低了22. 6%和53. 8%。     

锑锍渣中回收金试验研究

通过对"浮选+氰化浸出"工艺回收锑锍渣中金的试验研究,确锍渣中金的综合回收率可达80%-85%,既减少了污染,又回收了有价资源,有明显的经济和环境效益.     

富含活性氯与Al_(13)水处理药剂对铜氰络合物去除效能

含重金属铜离子与氰离子(CN)的络合物广泛存在于电镀、冶金等工业废水中,是一种较难处理的污染物。富含活性氯和Al13聚合体的水处理药剂(PACC)兼具氧化和絮凝效能,在处理含重金属氰络合物([Cu(CN)3]2-)废水方面具有良好的应用前景。研究PACC与[Cu(CN)3]2-的反应计量学、动力学,考察了pH、反应时间和投药量等影响因素,确定PACC的最佳工作参数。结果表明,PACC可同时实现对CN的氧化和对Cu2+的絮凝,有效去除水中[Cu(CN)3]2-。使用PACC对[Cu(CN)3]2-的无害化处置过程分为2个阶段:CN-首先被氧化成氰酸根(OCN-);然后OCN-被进一步氧化并生成碳酸氢根和氮气,同时所释放的游离态铜离子被絮凝去除。这2个阶段反应的最佳pH分别为11和8,去除1 mol[Cu(CN)3]2-的最佳投药量为9.35 mol Cl2的PACC;在此条件下反应43 min后,其出水中CN-和Cu2+的浓度均达到排放标准(GB21900-2008)要求。     

Environmental Assessment of Aromatic Hydrocarbons-Contaminated Sediments of the Mexican Salina Cruz Bay

Concentrations of total aromatic hydrocarbons and extractable organic matter in the water column and sediment were determined in samples collected in the course of the last 20 years from the Salina Cruz Harbor, México, to assess the degree of organic contamination. In sediments, organic compounds accumulate in shallow areas mostly associated with extractable organic matter and fine fractions. Calculated geocumulation index and enrichment factors suggest that contamination could be derived from anthropogenic activities attributed to harbor and ship scrapping activities, as well as transboundary source. Concentration of total aromatic hydrocarbons (as chrysene equivalents) ranged from 0.01 to 534 μg l⁻¹ in water, and from 0.10 to 2,160 μg g⁻¹ in sediments. Total aromatic concentration of 5 μg g⁻¹ is proposed as background concentration.     

The role and distribution of total suspended solids in the macrotidal coastal waters of Korea

Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of total suspended solids (TSS) in the shallow and macrotidal regions of the Korean peninsula indicated there were significant changes in TSS concentrations. These were seasonally influenced by the wind, river input and tidal cycle. There were high TSS values at estuarine and river mouth stations and during low tide due to the re-suspension of bottom sediment by strong wind action during winter months, in addition the land input through rivers and strong tidal current during ebbing. Monthly mean values of TSS significantly correlated with wind speed and nitrate concentration (p < 0.01). This indicated that the resuspension of surface sediment was a more important source of TSS than the river input, and that nitrate was introduced into the water column during the resuspension process. TSS were seven times higher at low tide than in high tide. Light penetration was significantly inhibited by TSS; as >98% of incident light was absorbed within 2 m and zero photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) under 2 m in the estuarine stations during winter. Removal of heavy metals and nutrients by TSS in the water column was evident. Over 80% of the initial concentration of nutrients was removed within 10 min under various concentrations of TSS and also TSS contained significantly higher concentration of heavy metals than surface sediment. The concentration levels of nutrients and chemical oxygen demand in the west coast were comparable with the East and South Sea, even the major rivers in the Korean peninsula flow into the West Sea with major pollutant loadings into the coastal areas. High concentration of TSS is likely to contribute to the removal process of these pollutants, resulting in relatively lower levels of nutrients and organic materials in these coastal waters.     

淀山湖总氮和总磷的时空模拟分布

为了解氮磷在淀山湖的时空分布特征及变化规律,运用ELCOM-CAEDYM耦合模块分析了2008年淀山湖总氮和总磷浓度的时空变异。研究表明:模型较好地模拟了淀山湖上覆水中的总氮、总磷的时空分布,总氮、总磷质量浓度总体变化趋势与实测值相一致。淀山湖春冬季总氮的质量浓度要明显高于夏秋季,3月份是淀山湖总氮质量浓度最高的时候,千墩港是淀山湖总氮质量浓度最高的区域。淀山湖总磷的分布并未表现出季节上的规律性,空间分布整体呈现北高南低的趋势。     

城市污水厂剩余污泥中总磷的测定

采用过硫酸钾消解、钼锑抗分光光度法测定城市污水厂剩余污泥中的总磷,优化了预处理方法、消解方法、过硫酸钾用量、取样质量等试验条件。方法线性良好,污泥样品平行测定的RSD≤1.0%,加标回收率为98.0%～104%。